2017届高三短文改错考点分析.doc

2017高三二轮复习 短文改错 考点分析本课学习目标：学生了解短文改错测试点的分布，及做题的切入点。学习方法：分类总结，巩固 高考英语短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语语言知识的能力，它不同于单句改错，考生应在理解短文的基础上,，根据上下文的逻辑关系,对文中的错误做出判断，并进行纠正。因此，该题型综合性强，涉及面广。测试点分布1、动词 2、名词 3、形容词 4、连词 5、代词、 6、介词 7、冠词 8、副词短文改错的设题切入近几年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点多、覆盖面广。 一般以三种题型出现: 加, 删或改。 设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。从错误比例上看1 : 1 : 8； 2 :1: 7 短文改错出题规律短文改错语篇填空1.动词谓语时态（改）给提示词动词谓语-时态语态主谓一致语态（删/ 加）非谓语-注意主动被动 doing，done，to do 主谓一致（改）词性转化-名词、形容词非谓语（改）名词名词复数，所有格2. 名词单数复数（改）；名词所有格（改）名词-形容词（改）词性转化-动词、形容词3. 形容词比较级，最高级（改）形容词比较级最高级形-副词（改）词性转化副词形-名词/ 动词（改）词性转化-名词，动词4. 连词并列连词and-but-or-so (改/ 删/ 加)不给提示词连词并列连词从属连词which-that-what (改/ 删/ 加)从属连词（三大类从句）5. 代词性别：heshe；人称：youI/we; I-we（改）主宾格：him-he；反身代词（改）形式主语/宾语：it （改）代词主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，反身代词6. 介词固定搭配 (改/ 删/ 加)介词固定搭配7. 冠词名词前 (改/ 删/ 加)冠词名词前8. 副词副词-形容词（改）Beside-besides / however / therefore (改) 副词however, therefore, besides, instead 固定句式固定句式一、动词 ( 改) 谓语动词16全国II：We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. 12陕西：By the time I got back, they have finished the scene and the actor couldnt be seenanywhere. 12陕西：Not only did I had photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt. 12陕西：My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel when we visit Beijing last month. 14新课标：Since then, we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. 15全国I：Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 14全国II：My dream school look like a big garden. 16全国II：Some students suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 【考点剖析】此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1) 短文中时态的使用前后不一致 (2) 主动语态和被动语态的混用 (3) 主谓一致 (4) 情态动词用法模拟单句演练1. You can found all kinds of delicious food in Beijing. 2. There is a great number of tourist attractions worth visiting. 3. While we were having dinner, the sun hide behind the clouds once again. 4. I went to the station and manage to buy two tickets. 5. Not only the students but also the teacher like the film. 6. The sports meeting usually last for three days. 非谓语 这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。12陕西：I was really disappointing. 12重庆：Gradually, I became interesting in biology. 12全国II：We should find ways to reuse the water using in washing. 12陕西：I also shared many photos taking in Beijing. 09全国2：So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. 09陕西：My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. 07浙江：I could not to run very fast and fell behind.07宁夏：Li Meng came see me every day. NMET98：Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also I travelled because I like exploring and take adventures. 【考点剖析】 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面： (1)谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用.(2)非谓语动词之间的混用. (3)在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用. 模拟单句演练 1. Im looking forward to hear form you as soon as possible. 2. I went to the station see them off. 3. Waved goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them. 4. All the students go to the playground to watch or joining in the games. 5. They longed see the beautiful natural scenery there. 6. He secretly slipped into a boat, slept all day. 7. To his disappointment, he wasnt even giving a chance for an interview. 8. The accident caused by a careless neighbor living high in an apartment. 9. You are supposing to listen to some English radio programs regularly.10. I was praising for being an outstanding volunteer at the end of the vacation. 11. Keep English diaries can also help you a lot. 12. Is it difficult fit in with your new life? 13. With time go by, Ill make great progress. 二、名词 （ 改 ）12新课标：I destroyed each of my toy. 12 全国II：We, as well as animal, cannot live without water. 12四川：I have never expressed my thank to you before. 11陕西：I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actor. 06福建：If you have interests in it, reply to me soon. 11浙江：I was playing at my cousin house.11新课标：When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. 【考点剖析】 (1)名词单复数；(2) 不可数名词 (常考的不可数名词)：furniture, fun, homework, paper,news, progress, trouble, work(工作), advice, information 等(3)名词所属格 模拟单句演练 1. You asked many question in your letter. 2. All the student go to the playground to watch or join in the games. 3. After visiting a few place of interest near Yidu, he stopped a car. 4. I searched the Internet for the train schedule and some hotel informations. 5. Here I will give you some advices on how to improve your oral English. 6. This was very useful, as I had not done this type of works before. 7. With time going by, Ill make a great progress. 8. We should all keep in minds: honesty is the best policy. 三、形容词、副词（ 改 ）12陕西：We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. 07浙江：I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. 06福建：We can hear birds singing happy all around. 09浙江：So I grateful accepted the offer. 12 辽宁：Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. 12新课标：I had to be more patient and little aggressive. 08全国：I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic games. 【考点剖析】(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一. 修饰名词、be动词、系动词要用_；修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子用_；(2) 比较级和最高级 模拟单句演练1. I promise you will have a wonderfully time here in Beijing. 2. The sun was blocked complete by thick clouds. 3. I wish them a safety journey. 4. To be frankly, it was a bit disappointing to me. 5. Surprising, he didnt go to school on Monday. 6. Whats bad, the drivers information might be unreliable. 7. So it is convenience for both shopping and entertainment. 8. He encouraged me when I felt certain and unconfident about doing something. 四、连词( 改、删、加 ) 只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出连词不当的错误。11陕西：I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it. 06辽宁：She always made sure that our homework was finished on time, but she marked strictly on our actual performance.09全国2：I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, and I was held up on my way back.09陕西：Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lots of good books and fresh fruit. 07浙江：Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot.07天津：I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didnt take my bad grades as ajudgment of my abilities. 12新课标：But before long, they began to see which was happening. 12全国II：We should first go all out to plant trees though trees will help save water. 12重庆：I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago. 12辽宁：We waited there unless the road was clear. 16全国I：Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. 【考点剖析】1. 并列连词but，and，so, or 错用或遗漏; 2. 常用固定句式，比如：强调结构；感叹句；be doingwhen 3. 复合句中连接词的错用 定语从句 名词性从句 状语从句 模拟单句演练 1. School starts at 7 oclock but we have to get up very early in the morning. 2. The United States is composed of fifty states, two of those are separated from the others by land or water. 3. The parking fee is raised in the downtown, it helps reduce the number of cars coming in and out. 4. My uncle is a photographer, which was drawn to the national park by wildlife there. 5. Its a really beautiful school, that many flowers and trees have been planted. 6. He took a bus to Chongqiang, in that he secretly slipped into a boat, sleeping all day. 7. Only after I arrived in the UK did I realize what changeable the weather was. 8. I packed into the case which my grandparents would need. 9. That we like most is the sport meeting. 10. The most breathtaking moment is that the athletes are getting to the finishing line. 11. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it. 12. So how did I travel? I travelled because I like exploring and taking adventures. 13. What excited and grateful his parents were to meet him! 14. It was just then when I began to worry about my safety. 15. I can live either at school and at home. 16. I felt such enthusiastic about writing that I decided to write a story. 17. My new school is so beautiful as a huge garden. 五、 代词（ 改，加 ）12四川：Im sorry that I am abroad and cant send your flowers. 08全国II：I heard that Mr. Wang would teach our English this term. 09浙江：This man might need the umbrella himself, but he preferred to give it to everyone else. 09重庆：Im glad to know that you have an interest in Chinese Food. Here Id like to tellyou something about them. 15全国II： Five minutes later, Tom saw parents. 逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。12全国II：Many countries in the world find we dont have enough water. 07陕西：I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them their great achievement. 09辽宁：But he said he could only give me half of the money. He should find the other halfmyself. 16全国III：I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. 【考点剖析】此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：1)人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词, 反身代词的错用2) 逻辑错误 （指代人或事前后不一致： 人称，性别，单复）3)不定代词的误用. 4)“it” 一词的不当使用 (形式主语或宾语).模拟单句演练 1. Yesterday my friend Julia and me had lunch in the Pizza Hut behind our school. 2. You can find all kinds of delicious food in Beijing, of which the most famous is the roast duck. I hope we will enjoy it. 3. The most breathtaking moment is when the athletes are getting to the finishing line. Somebody can tell who is the winner until the last minute. 4. He wanted to take photos of Yellowstone animals in its natural habitat. 5. He found easy to steal subway rides. 6. Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other. 7. I often walk through the park to get to the bus stop on the others side. 8. Im writing to tell you anything about my new life at college. 六、介词( 改、删、加 )主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。12重庆：I chose to learn biology when I entered into the college. 12陕西：I also shared for my friends many photos taken in Beijing.12辽宁：It was kind for you to let us bring Annes friend, Gina. 12辽宁：We finally dropped Gina off at her home and made our way to home. 12四川：But on today, I just want to tell you loudly: I love you, mom! 11陕西：I was about to leave when he walked out a building. NMET04：1. Im sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 09全国1：The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.【考点剖析】(1)固定短语(2)及物动词之后介词的多用或不及物动词之后介词的漏用. 模拟单句演练 1. These scenic spots have attracted millions f tourists in this year. 2. My school holds a sports meeting in every October. 3. A boy living near the Changjiang River was scolded by his parents on Last Sunday. 4. In Saturday afternoon, my friends and I decided to cook some traditional Chinese food. 5. I am going to study in a senior middle school on September. 6. I searched for the Internet for the train schedule. 7. But in his disappointment, he wasnt even given a chance for an interview. 8. Thank you for your congratulating me of my winning the English speech competition. 9. She made a huge impression in me at a very early age. 10. It is really a good place to live. 11. Where are going to live in? 12. Now I have finished a good many of books. 七、冠词( 改、删、加 ) 常考的错误形式有：冠词a, an, the 的错用 09浙江：The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella. 11全国I：Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut down the use of energy. 11陕西：He was right in the front of me! 07全国II：I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things Im doing at the school16四川：I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. 模拟单句演练 1. Beijing, the capital of China, is very attractive city with a long history. 2. It was nice and beautiful in beginning when suddenly the clouds gathered above. 3. I packed into the case what my grandparents would need, such as clothes, a umbrella, and a map. 4. We had a great fun there. 5. You ought to take a part in more English activities. 6. I wrote adventure story about a little boy who took adventure in a forest. 7. I guess a most serious problem of all is air pollution from industry and traffic. 八连接副词（ 改 ）14辽宁：The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day. 【考点剖析】besidebesides; besides-however-therefore 解题原则一、错误以改动最少为原则 二、虚词以添加或删除为原则三、实词以改变形式为原则 四、原意以坚持不变为原则四不改： 1. 单词拼写不改 2.大小写不改 3.词序不改 4.标点符号不改16全国卷I My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. 16年全国卷IIThe summer holiday is coming. My Classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.16年全国卷IIIThe teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didnt seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 16年四川It is Mothers Day today. Though its a western festival, its popular in China now. Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mothers Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Moms favoritiest. At dinner, we said to her, “Happy Mothers Day！”Mom was grateful and moving. 16年浙江When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,wed greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.15年全国卷IWhen I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it.15年全国卷IIOne day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.15年四川Hi, Janice, Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him?Please help with me and give me some advice.15年浙江My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with i