There be句型的用法..doc

There be句型的用法一there be 句型基本认识1、定义：There be句型表示某处有某物或某人。there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。这种句型之所以要用there作形式主语而把“实义主语”置于动词之后正是为了让这种“实义主语”称为信息中心，以达到引出新话题的目的。2、句型构成: There十连系动词be+主语(人物)+地点(介词短语或副词)(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.名词及主谓一致：当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时， be动词用is；当主语是可数名词复数时，其be动词就用are；当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，（遵循就近原则）be动词要根据离它最近的名词的数来确定be的形式。对应例子： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。There are two children in the room. 房间里有两个孩子。There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。二 there be 句型的各种句型转化（一）如何改成否定句：直接在be后加上not或no即可。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.注意：肯定句中出现some改成否定句或者疑问句时要改成any，出现and要改为or。not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。（二）如何变成一般疑问句：把be动词提到句首，句末句号改成问号即可。同时应注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any，而and要改成or。例：There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 在构成一般疑问句时, 其句型结构为: (1) Is + there + aan+单数名词+介词短语? (2) Is + there+不可数名词+介词短语? (3) Are + there + any +复数名词+介词短语? (4) Are + there + any + 不可数名词 + 介词短语?回答用Yes, there is/are. 或No, there isnt/arent. 如:Is there a ball on the table? 桌子上有个球吗?Yes,there is.有No, there isnt. 没有。Are there any children near the door?门边有些孩子吗?Yes, there are. 是的，有。No, there arent. 不是，没有。（三）如何改成特殊疑问句：必须了解是对什么进行提问，懂得用哪个词去发问。对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构，以下两种句型主要用来询问“某处有多少人或物” How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？如：How much milk is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少牛奶? How many students are there in your class?你们班有多少学生?三there be 句型的时态。be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)。如： -There _ a concert this evening. -Yeah. Exciting news! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have D. will have四There + be这种结构中, 谓语动词除be之外，还可用live, lie, stand等表示“存在”意义的不及物动词作为谓语动词放在there be句型中。如: Long, long ago, there lived a king in this area. 很久很久以前有个国王住在这儿。五there be 句型与have(has)句型的区别There be句型与have(has)均表示“有”，但There be句型强调“某处有某人某物”，着重“存在”的状态；have则强调“某人有某物”，着重“拥有”。例：(1)He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。 A wee