人教版八年级上册英语优质课件 Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?,SectionAGrammarFocus-3c,Objectives,Topracticetheusageofanyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everythingandnothingTolearnnewwords:most,something,nothing,everyone,myself,yourself,hen,pig,seem,bored,someone,diary,Wheredidyougoonyourvacation?Didyougotothezoo?Werethereany?Whatelsedidyoudo?,Letstalk!,Wordsandexpressions,somethingnothingeveryoneofcoursemyselfyourself,pron.某事；某物pron.没有什么；没有一件东西pron.每人；人人；所有人当然；自然pron.我自己；我本人pron.你自己；您自己,henpigseemboredsomeonediary,n.母鸡n.猪v.好像；似乎；看来adj.厌倦的；烦闷的pron.某人n.日记；记事薄,GrammarFocus,Thesimplepasttense,一般过去时,1.定义:1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago.)连用；2)也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语(如often,always)连用。,一般过去时,有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？,一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。a）时间状语ago（twohoursago（一段时间+ago）yesterday（句子开头或结尾）thedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek,last(year,night,month),具体时间（如Jan.fourth)justnowattheageofonedaylongagoonceuponatime（很久以前）andsoonthismorninglonglongago,SentencesIdidmyhomeworkyesterday.IplayedsoccerlastSunday.Icleanedmyroomlastweek.Iwenttothebeachthreeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriendslastweekend.Iwenttothemoviesthreedaysago.,注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。,e.g.Hewashereonlyafewminutesago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。Icamehomejustnow.我刚回到家。Igotupveryearlythismorning.今天早晨我起床很早。Hewaslateforschoolagaintoday.今天他又迟到了。,a）动词变化规则规则变化:1.直接加ed：workworkedlooklookedplayplayed2.以e结尾的单词，直接加d：livelivedhopehopeduseused,3.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried4.以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoyenjoyedplayplayed5.以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stopstoppedplanplanned,规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音,am,iswasareweregowentdodidhavehadcomecametaketooksaysaideatateseesawgetgotputputsleepsleptgivegavewritewrotereadread,b）动词不规则变化,/red/,buyboughtsitsatrunranswimswammakemadefeelfelthearheardgrowgrewtelltoldknowknewfindfoundbeginbeganbringbroughtstandstoodspendspentcatchcaughtteachtaught,动词不规则变化,基本结构：be动词的过去式：,肯定句：主语+was(were)+其它.e.g.Iwaslateyesterday.昨天我迟到了。否定句：主语+was(were)+not+其它.e.g.Wewerentlateyesterday.我们昨天没迟到。,Be动词的一般过去时态构成：,疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+其它?e.g.Wereyouillyesterday?你昨天病了吗？肯定回答：Yes,Iwas.是的，我病了。否定句：No,Iwasnt.不，我没病。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+其它?e.g.Whenwereyouborn?你是什么时候出生的？,A:Howyourvacation,Lin?B:Itprettygood.A:Howthebeaches?B:Theygreat.A:Howtheweather?B:Ithotandwet.A:Howthepeople?B:Theyunfriendly.A:Howthestores?B:Theyexpensive.,was,was,were,were,was,was,were,were,were,were,Beam/is(was)are(were),Be填空,肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did。肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.e.g.Iwenthomeatnineoclockyesterday.我昨天九点钟回的家。否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形+其它.e.g.Ididntgohomeyesterday.我昨天没回家。,实义动词的一般过去时态,疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它.e.g.Didyougohomeyesterday?你昨天回家了吗？肯定回答：Yes,Idid.是的，我回了。否定回答：No,Ididnt.不，我没回家。,一般过去式的构成形式,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。,易记歌谣,Lastsummer,I_tothebeachwithmyparents.Myvacation_prettygood.I_therebybus_mybustrip_relaxing.Thebeach_verybeautiful.It_sunny.I_beachvolleyballand_swimming.Thepeople_friendlyandthefoodwas_.I_myvacationverymuchandI_togothereagain.,went,was,went,and,was,was,was,were,delicious,enjoyed,hope,played,went,Writeaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.,复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,none,everything,everybody,everyone等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。,1.复合不定代词的构成,2.复合不定代词用法(1)由some与one,thing,body构成的不定代词主要用于肯定句；由any与one,thing,body构成的不定代词主要用于否定或疑问句。如：Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike.我的自行车出毛病了。Icantseeanyoneintheclassroom.在教室里我没看见任何人。,(2)修饰不定代词something,anyone等的词要放在不定代词的后面。如：Didyoumeetanyoneinteresting?你遇见有趣的人了吗？(3)这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Everyonewasonvacation.所有的人都在度假。,【注意】not.anywhere=nowhere.意为“任何地方都没有”。如：MomcouldntfindherIDcardanywhere.=MomcouldfindherIDcardnowhere.妈妈到处找不到她的身份证。【口诀】复合代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏。如果它来当主语，谓语动词用单数。,Linda:Didyoudo_funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so_wasreallyinteresting.,Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.,anything,everything,3a,anyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothing,Linda:Didyougowith_?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought_formyparents,but_formyself.Linda:Whydidntyoubuy_foryourself?Alice:Ididntreallysee_Iliked.,anyone,something,nothing,anything,anything,DearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo_interesting?Did_inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriendsfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily._wasgreat.,anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenoone,Fillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.,anything,everyone,Everything,3b,Wefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas_muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still_seemedtobebored.Byefornow!Mark,nothing,noone,Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.,Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurant.,3c,Didyoubuyanythingspecial?在英语中，anything,something,nothing,everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定代词之后，语法上称作“后置”。,LanguagePoints,e.g.Icanseesomeonenewinyourclass.我看见你们班里有新人。Theresnothinginterestinginthenewspapertoday.今天的报纸里没有什么有趣的内容。,2)something,someone与some一样常用于肯定句，而anything,anyone与any一样常用于否定句和疑问句。不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用some或something。在表达“任何”这一含义时肯定句中常用any或anything。,课时重点回顾,anyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everything及nothing的用法,Review,1.get2.say3.have4.be5.tell6.think7.write8.drive9.run10.read,I.写出下列单词的过去式。,got,said,had,was,were,told,thought,wrote,drove,ran,read,Exercises,11.see12.stand13.put14.eat15.buy16.drink17.sleepe19.play20.study21.listen,saw,stood,put,ate,bought,drank,slept,came,played,studied,listened,II.用所给动词的适当形式填空。We_(live)inJapanlastyear.Jack_(stop)thecarlastSunday.Tom_(clean)hisroomand_(study)fortheChinesetestlastweekend.4.What_you_(do)lastnight?5.OnSundaymorningI_(play)tennis.,lived,stopped,cleaned,studied,did,do,played,III.句型转换。Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）2.Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge(冰箱).（变一般疑问句)3.Shestayedthereforaweek.（画线部分提问）,Lucydidntdoherhomeworkathome.,Didhefindanymeatinthefridge?,Howlongdidshestaythere?,4.Shewentto