新增听力21篇答案版.doc

新增听力最后一个部分有二十篇左右真题。重听题没有音频，但是在题干了写了重听的原文。P11. What are the speakers mainly discussingA. Animal behavior that cannot be explained by natural selectionB. The evolution of various forms of deceptive animal communicationC. Possible reasons that animals communicate truthful messages D. Research that shows similarities between human and animal signals2. What point does the professor make about human communicationA. It is often influenced by social rules.B. It almost always consists of truthful messages.C. It does not always rely on spoken language. D. It breaks down when someone exaggerates.3. Why does the professor talk about lionsA. To compare two ways that lions communicate with each otherB. To introduce the concept of signal reliability in the animal kingdomC. To point out why lions often win fights against animals of other species D. To explain some of the benefits of exaggerating ones own strength4. The speakers discuss a hypothetical scenario involving bears. In this scenario, what would happen to the first bears that used deceptive signalsA. They would reproduce more than other animals in their species. B. They would not have energy for tasks other than communication.C. They would become unable to understand signals from other animals. D. They would eventually return to using only honest signals .5. What does the professor imply when she talks about the handicap principle ?A. Weak animals defend themselves by increasing the volume of their vocalizations.B. Most animals vocalization behavior is not explained by the handicap principle. C. Some animal species cannot afford the costs of honest communication. D. Individual animals behavior is consistent with long-term benefit to the species.And eventually theyd evolve further not to bother producing signals at all, communication would break down completely. Talk about chaos!6. Why does the professor say this: Talk about chaos!A. To encourage the students to contribute some of their ideasB. To express surprise that some animal communication has broken down C. To emphasize that the situation she describes would be unfavorableD. To suggest that honest communication can sometimes lead to chaos答案： C A B A D C;P21. What does the speakers mainly discuss?A. Steps involved in improving customer serviceB. Advantages and disadvantages of lean engineeringC. Reasons that inefficiency is so widespread in the business worldD. Strategies for increasing efficiency within a company2.What point does the professor make about the inventory of a company?A. Storing inventory is less problematic than storing raw materials. B. Inventory should be reduced as much as possible.C. Inventory should be stored in warehouses located close to the manufacturing plant.D. Large companies need more inventory than small ones.3. What does the professor say about the accounting department he worked with?A. The fact that the departments different groups all worked at the same time was causing inefficiency.B. Value Stream Mapping was not as effective for the department as he had hoped.C. The departments procedures had been designed using an earlier version of Value StreamMapping.D. The department was eventually able to complete its work in less time than before.4. Why does the professor mention computer software programs for shipping?A. To demonstrate how fuel costs can be quickly calculated by accounting departmentsB. To provide an example of products that are easily lost during transportC. To point out an innovative way for companies to reduce delivery timeD. To emphasize how easy it is for companies to track deliveries during transport5. What point does the professor make when he discusses airplane design?A. Each piece of an airplane must be designed with precision.B. The fewer pieces an airplane has, the lighter its weight will be.C. Using fewer pieces to create a product will result in fewer defects. D. Pieces that have several functions take longer to design.Female Student:But what about our responsibility, our commitment to, you know, standards, um, standards of quality?Professor:But whose standard is the question. Remember its the customers requirements that determine whats desirable in the product.6. Why does the professor say this:But whose standard is the question.A. To help the student understand a different idea of qualityB. To indicate that the students question is difficult to answerC. To point out a weakness of lean engineeringD. To find out the students definition of quality答案：D B D C C A P31.What is the lecture mainly about?A. Recently discovered archaeological sites from Viking Age ScandinaviaB. A new theory about the production of goods in Viking Age ScandinaviaC. A new way of thinking about the development of towns in Viking Age ScandinaviaD. The rise and fall of trade networks in Viking Age Scandinavia2. Why does the professor mention airports?A. To illustrate the concept of a nodal pointB. To explain the original application of networkC. To contrast modern commerce with medieval tradingD. To emphasize the role of technology in trading networks3. According to the professor, what artifacts were found at only seven Viking trading sites?Click on 2 answersA. A large quantity of copper coins from GermanyB. Several pieces of jewelry made from silverC. A large quantity of imported ceramicsD. Evidence of the production of bronze castings4.According to the professor, in what way were early Scandinavian towns different from later settlement?A. Early Scandinavian towns were less likely to be fortified.B. Early Scandinavian towns had more contact with the surrounding countryside. C. Early Scandinavian towns were farther apart from one another.D. Early Scandinavian towns were less likely to be involved in international trade.5.What does the professor imply is a problem with the central-place theory?A. It assumes that all early Viking towns were long-distance trading centers. B. It assumes that all early Viking towns had military power.C. It assumes that all of the early Viking towns were about the same size. D. It assumes that all central places grew into large towns.Well, recently an archaeologist named S S decided that there was another way to look at the process of urbanization, how these towns developed in the Viking age.6. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. What does the professor imply when she says this:A. The theory is often misunderstood.B. The theory applies mainly to Scandinavia.C. The theory has evolved over time.D. The theory is known by another name.答案：C A CD A B CP41. what is the main purpose of the lecture?A. To introduce a theory about why marine animals form symbiotic relationshipsB. To discuss the application of categories of symbiosis to marine animalsC. To question research done on the relationship between sea butterflies and amphipodsD. To explain how the categories of symbiosis were developed by researchers2. Why are seals and dolphins mentioned in the lecture?A. To give an example of animals that are disadvantaged by parasitic relationshipB. To give an example of a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefitC. To point out that all symbiotic relationships have advantages and disadvantagesD. To compare the categories of commensalism and mutualism3. According to the professor, what is one factor that makes categorizing symbiotic relationships difficult?A. New types of symbiotic relationships are always being discovered.B. It is not always clear what an animal gains or loses from a symbiotic relationship.C. The nature of the symbiotic relationship may change over time.D. Many symbiotic relationships are only temporary.4. What point does the professor make about sea butterflies that are captured by amphipodA. They are often eaten by the amphipods.B. They are eventually released by the amphipods;C. They are used as a lure by the amphipods to attract prey.D. They benefit from their relationship with the amphipods. .5. Why did researchers conclude after their experiment involving predatory fish?A. The predators of amphipods learn to interpret the amphipod and sea butterfly as one larger animal.B. The primary predator of amphipods does not have good eyesight.C. Amphipods and sea butterflies share, many of the same chemical compounds.D. The amphipods are protected from predators by chemicals In the sea butterfly.6. Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question.Male studentAnd the sea butterfly probably cant feed at all. I mean, if its being held on the amphipods back,right? ProfessorYoure right. But I cant imagine a type of symbiosis that simply disadvantages both organisms. Why does the professor say this: Youre right. But I cant imagine a type of symbiosis that simply disadvantages both organisms.A. To acknowledge that she does not fully understand the relationship between the two organismsB. To ask students to explain what the disadvantages are for each organismC. To encourage the students to propose potential advantages of the relationshipD. To indicate that the student overstated the disadvantage to the sea buttert1y答案：B A B B D CP51. What does the professor mainly discuss?A. How Realist novels differ from Realist playsB. How Zolas ideas influenced other Naturalist playwrightsC. Ideas that contributed to the Naturalist movement in theaterD. Realist novels that were adapted as plays2. Why does the professor discuss a science book that was published in 1865?A. To give an example of what Zolas contemporaries were readingB. To describe a major influence on Zolas writingC. To comment on advances in science in the nineteenth centuryD. To point out that the term Naturalism was first used by scientists3. According to the professor, what was one of Zolas goals in creating “slice-of-life theater”?A. To adapt Realist novels to the stageB. To feature characters who live in rural settingsC. To inform his audience about social issuesD. To create a neatly structured story, with beginning, middle, and conclusion4. According to the professor, what is a feature of plays that were written using the principles of NaturalismA. They reflect a view of life that is not always happy.B. They present characters as helpless victims of fate.C. They are not objective in their representation of human conflict.D. Their characters are usually members of the upper classes.5. According to the professor, why were Zolas plays unsuccessful with the theater-goers?A. They received bad reviews from the critics.B. They were much longer than other plays written at the time.C. Their plots contained many unbelievable coincidences.D. Their characters were not realistically portrayed.6. What is the professors opinion of Henri Becques plays?A. They illustrate Naturalist principles better than Zolas plays do. B. They have the same problems that Zolas Naturalist plays had. C. They are not as entertaining as Zolas plays.D. They should not be considered Naturalist plays.答案：C B C A C AP61. What is the main purpose of the lecture?A. To explain how biologists learned that not all mutations to a species are beneficial to the speciesB. To explain why biologists views about evolutionary adaptations have recently changedC. To explore the advantages and disadvantages of toxins as a defense against predatorsD. To discuss efforts to find ways to counteract a powerful toxin2. How is tetrodotoxin different from other animal toxins?A. It is equally toxic to all animals that come into contact with it. B. When heated, it can be safely consumed by people.C. It is poisonous only when combined with sodium.D. It is found in several different species of animal.3. What evidence suggests that puffer fish do not make tetrodotoxin themselves? A. They die if their nerve cells are exposed to tetrodotoxin for long periods of time. B. They do not contain tetrodotoxin if they are raised in a controlled environmentC. The steps that are necessary to produce tetrodotoxin are biologically complex. D. The chemicals required to synthesize tetrodotoxin are not found in ocean water4. What type of genetic mutations occurred in the evolution of certain animals that enabled them to become immune to tetrodotoxin?A. Mutations that prevent the toxin from blocking sodium ion transmissionsB. Mutations that help the respiratory system fight off invasion by bacteria .C. Mutations that prevent the animals from producing excessive amounts of the toxinD. Mutations that allow the animals to exist in bacteria-free environments5. What is the main point the professor makes when she mentions garter snakes?A. Garter snakes contain venom that is similar to the venom of scorpions. B. Tetrodotoxin can be synthesized by a wide variety of species.C. Resistance to tetrodofoxin has evolved in some animals that feed on animals containing the toxin. D. Tetrodotoxin may have spread to newts in North America as a newts to fend off certain predators.6. What is the professors opinion about the replication of evolutionary changes where the same changes occur in distinct species?A. She is convinced it is more frequent than Darwin thought possible.B. She doubts it will ever be conclusively found in the animal kingdom.C. She thinks examples that have been put forth could simply be random occurrencesD. She wishes the biologists were more open to the idea that it may occur.答案：B D B A C DP71. Why does the student go to see the professor?A. To request extra time to complete an assignmentB. To explain why she will miss the next classC. To clarify the requirements of a class assignmentD. To discuss the results of a lab experiment2. What does the professor imply about the students extended field trip?A. He would like to know more about the fieldwork the student did. B. He was unaware of the problems the student had on the trip.C. He knew that there would be problems on the trip.D. He has been in similar situations himself.3. Why does the professor tell the student about the importance of cane toads to Australia?A. To remind the student of a topic she studied last semesterB. To provide an example of a concept he is describingC. To explain the purpose of the lab assignment the student will work onD. To amuse the student with an anecdote from his own student days4. What fact from the radio interview with an ecologist surprised the student?A. Global warming may be less harmful to biodiversity than oil palm cultivation. B. Global warming may have benefited some species of butterflies.C. Oil palm cultivation has contributed greatly to global warming.D. Oil palm tree populations have suffered as a result of global warming.5.What advantages of the oil palm do the speakers mention? Click on 3 answersA. It resists damage from imported insects.B. It is an easy crop to grow.C. It creates a habitat for rare animal species. D. It is used in a wide range of products.E. It has a positive impact on communities where it is grown.P7 生态研究Listen to a conversation between a student and her biology professor.ProfessorSo I heard that your field work ended up camping a few days longer than expected. StudentYeah, the bus broke down. It gave us time to gather more specimens from the lake to study in the lab but unfortunately 1 admit missing a day of classes, including the class when you describe the requirements for the paper.学生解释了来找教授的原因：自己的field trip中bus坏掉了，所以多花了几天，错过了教授的课所以不知道论文的要求是什么ProfessorUr, that brings back memories from my undergraduate days. （2）So anyway what Im looking for is an ecological situation in which the solution causes a much greater problem than the original problem it was intended to solve. （3）The example I gave in class was about cane toad in Australia. They were imported there in 1935 to control the grayback cane beetles that were destroying the sugar cane crops.StudentAnd what? The plant backfired?ProfessorYep. Its a classic case of biological control done awry. The toads ate some beetles but they also ate many other animals and theyre poisonous and being an imported species they had no natural predators.Student Not good. ProfessorDefinitely not. Even worse, the toads had no effect on grayback cane beetle populations either. Hum, so tell me what do you have in mind for, your paper.教授简单讲了一下论文的题目：生态系统中一个问题的解决方案往往创造更多问题。举例，cane toad被引入澳大利亚是为了控制beetles的数量，但是他们除了beetle之外也吃其他的动物，而且他们有毒，并且他们在当地没有天敌。StudentWell, I got the idea from a radio interview I heard. （4）It was Winstly ecologist to claim that the greatest threat to the greatest number of species in the next 25 years is not global warming as one would expect but the cultivation of oil palm trees.ProfessorAh, yes. Theres been a lot of talk recently about whether oil palm plantations are harmful to biodiversity. Some areas report losing as much as 80% of the native bird and butterfly populations and the oil palm is being cultivated in so many places in the world now.StudentEverybody thought it was a short winner, and made a lot of sense both economically and environmentally. （5）Heres a crop thats in high demand, easy to grow and wont disrupt the ecosystem. ProfessorOr so they thought. Its a good topic. 学生说明了自己论文的想法，想写palm tree种植所带来的危害，因为palm tree降低了biodiversity。但是人们觉得palm tree很好，因为高产，容易种植，而且不会扰乱生态系统StudentSo in my write the paper should be divided into two sections?ProfessorYes. In the first section, you describe the practice, the history o