人教版高中英语选修八unit1grammarnounclause1PPT课件.ppt

名词性从句的功能,功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分为四类。,名词性从句,表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句,引导名词性从句的连接词,1.连接词that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分)2.连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever(不仅起到连接一个句子的作用,同时也是从句的一个组成部分)3.连接副词:when,where,how,why,引导名词性从句不可省略的连词,引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。介词后的连词,Subjectclause(主语从句),主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。,Thatweneedmoreequipmentisobvious.=Itisobviousthatweneedmoreequipment.Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.Whether不能替换成If,常见的it作形式主语的结构Itisafactthathewonthematch.ItisnecessarythatwestudyEnglishwell.Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.Itseemedthathewouldcomehere.,Itisafact/ashame/apity/nowonder/goodnews/that,Itisnecessary/strange/important/possible/likely/that这类主语从句中，谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形,Itissaid/reported/decide/known/that,Itseemed/happened/doesntmatter/hasturnedout/that,名词性从句的主谓一致,主语是名词性从句,动词通常用单数形式。e.g.WhatIammostinterestedinisAmericanmovies我最感兴趣的是美国电影。,但在下面的句子中谓语动词要用复数形式，因为主语从句中的动词是复数,所以主语从句应当作复数看待。例如：Whoaregoingtoattendthemeetinghavebeendecidedbythemanager,Objectclause(宾语从句),在一个句子中,不是由一个词组,而是由一个句子充当的宾语,这个句子叫做宾语从句。其作用相当于一个名词词组。引导宾语从句的连接词：连词:whether,if,that连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,etc.连接副词:when,where,why,how,etc.,1.作动词的宾语Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.动词间接宾语宾语从句e.g.Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。,2.作介词的宾语e.g.Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.3.作形容词的宾语e.g.Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,certain,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content等。,4.It可以作为形式宾语,make,think,consider,feel,find,It不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。e.g.Georgemadeitclearthatheopposedtheproject.,5.whether,if引导宾语从句都意为“是否”,但介词后用whether引导,whetherornot。e.g.Heaskedmeif/whetherIknewJohn.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.whether不能替换成ifEverythingdependsonwhetheryouhaveenoughmoney.,doesit?,TheydontbelieveIamright.,dothey?,6.否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。e.g.Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.,e.g.Isuggested(that)he(should)takeagoodrest.DoyouadvisewhereshegoforatripinChina?,7.表示“建议”或“命令”的词有:suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command,ask,advise等，它们的宾语从句用虚拟语气,结构为:+(that)+主语+(should)do(should可省)。,1.表语从句除可以用that,why,where,when,how,whether,what,who,which等词引导外，还能用becauseasif/though来引导。Thereasonforsuchaseriousaccidentisthatthedriverwastoocarelessanddrunk.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Itiswhyhewaslateforclass.Itlooksasifhehasntwashedfollowingtheinstruction.,ThePredicativeClause表语从句,2.如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者是“命令”之类的词如advice,suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea等,那么从句中的动词通常用should+动词原形。,Mysuggestionisthatweall_(take)anactivepartinthecomingsportsmeet.,Hisproposalwasthatthework_(finish)infivehours.,shouldbefinished,shouldtake,1.名词性从句的语序(陈述句语序)；2.几对重要关连词的区别:whetherif,whatthat,whatwhatever,whowhoever,etc;3.it用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句或宾语从句；4.根据具体情景选用适当的关联词。,高考考查热点,根据例句,讨论：1)whetherif的区别Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouwillgotothelecturestomorrow.Italldependsonwhethertheskywillclearup.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmiswellworthseeing.WhetherhewillbewelltomorrowImnotsure.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.,ABCD,A,A.引导宾语从句,位于及物动词后B.引导宾语从句,位于介词后C.引导宾语从句,放句首D.引导表语从句,主语从句或同位语从句,2)Whatthat的区别Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.ThereasonwasthatTodhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.,=thethingsthat,缺,不缺,什么;所的东西、事情,无意义,否,宾语从句中能省略,3)whowhoever;whatwhatever的区别ThespokenEnglishcompetitioniscoming,Whowillattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Ibelievewhoevertakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest.Canyoutellmewhatyouwouldliketoorder?Whateverhappens,dontbesurprised.Allthefoodhereisdelicious.Justorderwhateveryoulike.,让步状语从句Whatever=nomatterwhat,表示“谁”,表示“的任何人”,表“什么，所的东西、事情”,表“的任何东西”,/,表“不论谁”,/,表“无论什么”,4)doubt和sure后的名词性从句中的that,whether,if的用法。,当doubt用于肯定句时，后面的名词性从句用whether或if引导；当doubt用于否定句或疑问句时，后面名词性从句的连接词常用that.Idoubtwhether/ifhewillcometohelpuswiththeworkthisaf