非谓语动词的使用及相关练习+课件类型.ppt

,高一英语非谓语动词讲解及练习,过去分词,不定式,动词的-ing形式,非谓语动词,Smokingmaycausecancer.Hetriedtoavoidansweringtheirquestions.Oneofherdutiesistypingletters.Themansittingnexttoyouisourheadmaster.Beingangry,hecantsayaword.Isawhimrunningdownthestreet.,v-ing形式,v-ing形式的作用,v-ing形式在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。,V-ing形式,动名词,现在分词,1.作主语（动名词）,e.g.Findingworkisdifficultthesesdays.,Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.Itsnouse/goodworryingaboutit.,2.作宾语（动名词）,e.g.Wouldyoumindwaitingafewminutes？TheyarelookingforwardtoMaryscoming.,英语中有些动词或动词短语的后面只能跟上动名词。如admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,giveup,enjoy,regret,insiston,practise,finish,putoff,avoid,mind,escape,excuse,stand(忍受),imagine,miss,risk,suggest,canthelp(禁不住),setabout,后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记清，“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”，“坚持”“练习”必“完成”，“延期”“避免”非“介意”动名介宾不能忘掌握它们你必明。,英语中有些动词可以接动名词也可以接不定式,但含义不同.,remembergoon,tododoing,tododoing,todo(遗憾要做某事)doing(后悔做了某事),forget,try,todo(设法)doing(尝试着做),regret,mean,todo(继续做另外一件事)doing(继续做同一件事),stop,todo(停下手中的事去做另外一件)doing(停止做正在做的事情),tododoing,1.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-_hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing,2.Shecanthelp_thehousebecauseshesbusymakingacake.(97上海12)A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned,3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimecanthelp_intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.(96上海14)A.topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded,A,C,C,3.作表语（动名词,现在分词）,e.g.Oneofherhobbiesisgrowingflowers.Thespeedofthehorseswasamazing.,4.作定语（动名词,现在分词）,e.g.Therearenoswimmingpoolsinourschool.Doyouknowthethreechildrenwalkingtowardsus?,1.v-ing作定语时，单个的v-ing形式放在所修饰的名词前；若是v-ing短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后2.动名词作定语，仅表被修饰的名词的用途，解释为“供给.之用”;现在分词说明的是被修饰的名词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作,可用相应的定语从句换.,=whoarewalkingtowardsus,5.作宾语补足语,V-ing形式可以放在某些动词如see,hear,notice,keep,find,get,have,feel等词后作宾语补足语.,e.g.SuddenlyIheardsomeoneknockinggentlyonthedoor.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.,6.作状语(现在分词),V-ing形式作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随或陪衬等含义,相当于一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思.,Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.,Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.=Ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.,Laughingandtalking,theywentintotheclassroom.（方式）,Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.,Thoughweighingalmostonehundredjin,theboxwasliftedbyhimwithonehand.,Weweresittingbythewindow,talkingaboutwhathappenedyesterday.(伴随）,1.当v-ing形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，需用havingdone2.v-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主语保持一致；否则必须带有自己的逻辑主语,=Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.,=Thoughitweighes,e.g._areply,hedecidedtowriteasixthletter.A.NotreceivingB.NottoreceiveC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived,e.g.Havingfinishedmyhomework,IwenttowatchTV.,C,没收信的动作发生在决定写信这一动作之前所以应该用havingdone;此题又是表否定含义，分词的否定式为notdoing/nothavingdone;故选c,-ing形式,-ing形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法,A,Herushedtothetrainstation,only_thetrainhadgone.,A.findingB.foundC.findsD.tofind,D,非谓语动词之间的对比,1动词不定式和动名词作主语比较,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：_isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold（MET1992）AThewalkBWalkingCTowalkDWalk,B,2.动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较,1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。动名词表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作HisjobisbuildinghousesOurtasknowistoincreasefoodproduction,（2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。TherealproblemisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthecustomersThemostimportantthingistoputtheoryintopracticeHeisinterestedinEnglish.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier，_itmoredifficult（NMET1999）AnotmakeBnottomakeCnotmakingDdonotmake,B,3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect等。Weagreed_here，butsofarshehasntturnedupyet（NMET1995）AhavingmetBmeetingCtomeetDtohavemet,C,（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，Thesquirrelwassoluckythatitjustmissed_（MET1987）AcatchingBtobecaughtCbeingcaughtDtocatchIwouldappreciate_backthisafternoon（MET1992）AyoutocallByoucallCyoucallingDyourecalling,C,C,（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，,ThelightintheofficeisstillonOh，Iforgot_（MET1991）AturningitoffBturnitoffCtoturnitoffDhavingturneditoffYouwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeetingWell，nowIregret_that（NMET1995）AtodoBtobedoingCtohavedoneDhavingdone,C,D,4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较,（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn，allow，advise，permit，forbid等。Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperation（NMET1996）AtoeatnotBeatingnotCnottoeatDnoteating,C,（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have，make等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。Weheardhersingthissongbeforewewentin.我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。Weheardhersingingthissongwhenwegotthere.我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。Weoftenhearthissongsungbyher.我们经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱),5不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较,1）不定式作定语表示“将要”，现在分词表示“正在”或主动，过去分词表示“已经”。TheOlympicGames，_in776BC，didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912（NMET1997）AfirstplayingBtobefirstplayedCfirstplayedDtobefirstplaying,c,2）动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途，现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。aswimmingpool动名词作定语，aswimmingfish现在分词作定语。,6.动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词，表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随和结果。,_lateinthemorning，Bobturnedoffthealarm（NMET2001）ATosleepBSleepingCSleepDHavingslept,A,_suchheavypollutionalready，itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver（NMET2000）AHavingsufferedBSufferingCTosufferDSuffered_moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter（MET1990）AGivenBTogiveCGivingDHavinggiven,A,A,分词做定语的位置及其它“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。）分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义分词做状语，概有七意义。“时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。“方式”加“伴随”，“条件”常出席。且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。（*指句子的主语）,非谓语动词巩固练习,用动词的适当形式填空：Heneverexpectedtheprofessorslecturewasso_(bore)._(disappoint)attheresults,shedidntsayaword.Thetrousersaremuch_(wear).Whynotchangeanewpair?Look,thetreesare_(fall).Theremust_(be)astrongwindlastnight.Inoticeda_(puzzle)expressiononherface.Thequestion_(raise)bythestudentbeattheteacher.,boring,Disappointed,worn,fallen,havebeen,puzzled,raised,7.Makesentences,_(use)thephrases_(give)below.8.Thechildpainteda_(rise)sunandsome_(fly)birds.9.Ifeltagreatweight_(take)offmymind.10.Fredfoundmanycarsandtrucks_(park)outsidehisshop.11.Themanlayonhisback,withhiswholebody_(bury)inthesand.12.Hisquestionsetallofus_(think).13.Illhavethemessage_(send)totheheadquarters,using,given,rising/risen,flying,taken,parked,buried,thinking,sent,14._(try)tomakehimself_(hear),heshoutedatthetopofhisvoice.15.Hedidntwantedhisfamilyhistory_(mention)atthemeeting.16.Iwonthavethatsortofthing_(happen).17._(cook)inthekitchen,Iheardmyname_(call).18._(work)withTom,youllcometolikehim.19._(notbe)inthecitylong,Iwasstillastrangerthere.20._(arrive)atthehotel,hefoundtheguestshadleft.,Trying,heard,mentioned,happening,Cooking,called,Working,Nothavingbeen,Arriving,21.Thisisatheory_(accept)bymostofthepeoplehere.22._(hit)byabullet,thesoldierfellfromthe_(run)horse.23._(leave)inchargeofthehotel,hedidbetterthananyoneelse.24._(cook)inwine,themeatwilltastebetter.25._(warn)severaltimes,theybecamemorecarefulindoingthejob.26.Manypeople_(be)absent,themeetinghadtobecancelled.27.There_(be)nobus,Ihadnochoicebut_(wait).,accepted,Hit,running,Left,Cooked,Havingbeenwarned,being,being,towait,28.Thebookcaseisfullofbooks_(write)forhighschoolstudents.29._(guide)bythefisherman,werowedtheboattotheshore.30.People_(live)comfortablyinthetownshardlyfeelthepleasureoflivinginthecountry.31.Modernzoosaredifferentfromzoos_(build)fiftyyearsago.32.Hesatthere,_(watch)thechildrenatplayand_(listen)totheoldmentalking.,written,Guided,living,built,watching,listening,用括号内动词的适当形式填空：Itsdifficultforforeignerstogetusedto_(eat)withchopsticks.Theydontallow_(smoke).Hewarnedher_(nottouch)towire.Icantimagine_(live)withsomebodywhoneverstops_(talk).Isthereanythingworth_(buy)?Youareexpected_(know)thelawsofyourowncountry.Imprepared_(wait)hereallnightifnecessary.,eating,smoking,nottotouch,living,talking,buying,toknow,towait,8.Icantunderstandher_(behave)likethat.9.Itissilly_(risk,get)yourfeetwet.10.Ifeellike_(ski)throughtheforest.11.Heisdevotedto_(set)upmoreschoolsforpoorchildren.12.Idontmind_(thechildren,play)inthegarden,butIcanthavethem_(walk)overmyflowers.13.Ihate_(look)atwhenIamdoinglessons.14.Theboywasafraidof_(leave)aloneintheroomatnight.,behaving,toriskgetting,skiing,setting,thechildren(s)playing,walking,beinglooked,beingleft,15.Somethinghasbeendonetopreventworkersfrom_(injure)whentheyareworking.16.Icantunderstand_(they,forbid)togotothemeeting.17.Hecouldntstand_(make)funofwhenhiswifewaspresent.18.Thisnovelisnotworthyof_(make)intoafilm.19.Thepatientinsistedon_(operate)onevenifthereislittlehopeofsuccess.20.Therobberwassentencedtodeathfor_(rob)thebank.,beinginjured,their/thembeingforbidden,beingmade,beingmade,beingoperated,havingrobbed,21.Icantremember_(anyone,ever,write)aboutthesubject.22.Heregretted_(make)thedecisiontoohastily.23.Motherwasangryat_(he,tell)alie.24.Dontleave.Thebabywants_(watch).Thenursewants_(watch)thebabysbehaviorswhentherearenoadultsnearby.25.Ifyoucantopenthedoorbyturningthekeyinthisway,try_(turn)thekeyanotherway.Hetried_(turn)thekeyonlytofinditgotstuckinthelock.,anyone(s)havingeverwritten,making/havingmade,his/himtelling,watching,towatch,turning,toturn,26.Idprefer_(go)bytraintonightasthereisnoflightbecauseofthefog.27.Mrs.Frostwasworried.Iregretted_(tell)herthathersonwasinthepolicestation.Iregret_(tell)youthatyoursonisinthepolicestation.28.Cantyouremember_(take)ustothecircuslastmonth?Youmustremember_(tell)themmynewaddress.,togo,telling,totell,taking,totell,29.Heforgot_(post)theletterhiswifeaskedhimto.Hedidntfeelinthepockets.Hedquiteforgotten_(put)thekeythere.30.Mysuggestioncouldnthelp_(improve)theirservice.Icouldnthelp_(make)apologieswhenIrealizedIhadcausedhimalotoftrouble.31.Hewalkedquietly,afraidof_(frighten)thesnake.Thinkinghewouldbefired,hewasafraid_(see)hisboss.,topost,putting,improve,making,frightening,tosee,32.Obeyingmeans_(do)whatoneistoldtodo.Hemeant_(train)theboytobeagoodswimmer.33.Sheloved_(act)thananythingelse.Shedlove_(act)apartintheshortplay.34.Doesyoursuitneed_(iron)?Heneeds_(practise)typingatleasttwohoursaday.,doing,totrain,acting,toact,ironing,topractise,用括号内动词的适当形式填空：1.Itiseasy_(be)wiseaftertheevent.2.Imsorry_(disappoint)youbutIcantletyou_(know)theresultoftheexamuntiltheendoftheweek.3._(complete)thatbookinthreemonthswasagreatachievement.4.Isawhim_(run)themileinfourminutes.5.Hemademe_(tell)himthewholestory.Hewasmade_(tell)thewholestory.6.Theboywasseen_(take)themoney.,tobe,todisappoint,know,Tocomplete,run,tell,totell,totake,7._(tell)youthetruth,Idontknowwhattheansweris.8.Hesworkinglate_(make)upforhisabsenceyesterday.9._(learn)aboutEnglishisonething;_(know)Englishisquiteanother.10.Whydidntyoutry_(persuade)him_(come)withus?11.Wedontwantanybody_(know)thatwearehere.12.Icoulddonothingbut_(pretend)thatIdidntknow.,Totell,tomake,Tolearn,toknow,topersuade,tocome,toknow,pretend,13.Wecannotbut_(do)ashetellsus.14.CanIhelp_(carry)thatheavybox?15.Herarelyleftthehouseexcept_(attend)aparty.16.Whydontyougetyourwife_(explain)ittoyou?17.Hedecidedtotelephoneratherthan_(write).18.Whynot_(wear)thathattotheball?19.Themanwaslet_(go).20.Allyouhavetodois_(keep)alltheresults.21.InoticedDiana_(talk)withDavidforawhil