经典定语从句课件.ppt

Letsplayaguessinggame.,Itisabook.2.Thebookcantellthemeaningsofwords.3.Itisabookwhichcantellthemeaningsofwords.,1.Itisamachine2.Themachinecanflyveryfast.3.Itisamachinethatcanflyveryfast.,1.Hewasthefirstperson2.Thepersoninventedthelights.3.Hewasthefirstpersonwhoinventedthelights.,Shewasthefirstwoman.ThewomanwontheNobelPrize.3.ShewasthefirstwomanwhowontheNobelPrize.,1.Heisanactor.2.Theactorsfatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.3.Heisanactorwhosefatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.,1.Itisatool.2.Thetoolsfunctioniscutting.3.Itisatoolwhosefunctioniscutting.,Whattypeofclausearetheredpartsintheabovesentences?,Itisatoolwhosefunctioniscutting.,ShewasthefirstwomanwhowontheNobelPrize.,Itisamachinethatcanflyveryfast.,Itisabookwhichcantellthemeaningsofwords.,theAttributiveClause,Grammar,定语从句,AttributiveClause（定语从句）概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.,定语从句,先行词,引导词,引导词,关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhose、as,关系副词:wherewhenwhy,关系代词的三大作用,1.连接（主句和定语从句）2.替代（前面的先行词）3.成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分）Hefoundthebookthathewanted.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,themachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,that/who/whom,Thegirl,注意避免重复,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,定语从句三要素:,先行词,关系词,从句,先行词,关系词,从句,Thisistheverybookthatinterestsmemost.,先行词,关系词,从句,Relativepronouns:who,whomwhich,that,whose,who,whowhom,whose,which,(which),whose,that,(that),whose,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,ThemanItalkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonstealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),ThemanItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemanItalkedisMr.Li.,(who),who,(whom/who),towhom,关系代词,3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookcoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanbagwasstolen.,whose,whose,4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,Aplaneisamachinecanfly.(主语)TheletterIreceivedwasfrommyfather.（宾语）Idontlikethepeople_talktoomuchbutdolittle.,1.that人或物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略),who,that,(that),Theearthisround,_weallknow._isknowntoall,theearthisround,as,As,as的使用,Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllike.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as的使用,1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_hasbeensaidbefore.,which,2_everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.,As,as的使用,Testhowwellyoumasterit?,36,可编辑,趣味定语从句竞赛,competition,(抢答),第一部分.找从句,指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。,1.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecar(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisasecond-handone.4.Harryistheboywhosefatherisourmathsteacher.5.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.,(抢答),第二部分.观察总结,在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that,1.当先行词为everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much,theone等不定代词时。如：Thisbookcontainsmuch/littlethatisuseful.这本书中有很多/没有多少有用的东西。Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。,2.当先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时。如：Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.我把你给我的书都看了。Therearesomejobs(that)mencantdoverywell.有些工作男人无法做好。,3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthefirstfilm(that)IhaveseensinceIcamehere.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。Thisisthebiggestapple(that)Ihaveevereaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。,4.先行词既指人又指物时。如：Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools(that)wehadvisited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。,5.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如：Maryistheonlyfriend(that)IhaveinAustralia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。Sheistheverythief(that)thepolicemanislookingfor.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。ThelastplacetheyvisitedwastheSummerPalace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。,6.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：Thisisadictionarythatwillhelpyoualot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Dontcheatme.ImnolongertheboythatIwasthreeyearsago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。,which引导的非限制性定语从句。Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthewholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakestheteacherangry.,第三部分.填空题,(必答),Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.,that/which,2.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.,that/who,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake,that/which,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,4.Theperson_youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.,(whom/who/that),Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.,(who/whom/that),Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.,whose,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,7.Thosepictures_weredrawnbyTomarenice.,which/that,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,8.Those_willgototheparkstayhere.,who,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,9.Thatwasallthemoney_Ihad.,that,10.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.,that,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,1.Thehouse_weliveinisveryold.2.Thosearetheshoes_Ilostlastweek.3.Thatistheman_foundmyhandbag.4.Lucycanteatfood_haschocolateinit.5.Thecar_myuncleboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.,which/that,which/that,who/that,which/that,which/that,6.Thevillage_GuoPenglivesinisveryfaraway.7.Theboy_iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.8.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.9.Thedetective