时间状语从句.ppt

Grammar:adverbialclauseoftime,时间状语从句。,I.when,while,as,可引导,WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Whilehewasinprison,hewrotehisfirstnovel.,如果主句表示的是短暂动作，从句用进行时或延续性动作状态时,when,while,as可互换。,II.区别,1.as多用于口语中，引导持续性动作，侧重于两个动作同时发生,有“当的时候”，“一边一边”或表示“随着”的含义,eg.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Astimewenton,Einsteinstheoryprovedtobecorrect.Ashegrewolder,hebegantogodeaf.,2.while常引导延续性动作，表示的是一段时间,不是一点时间,强调动作同时发生，相当于duringthetime.,Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersaretalking.,3.when强调“特定时间”,从句动作发生与主句动作之前时用when，不可用while和as。,while还有对比的含义,有时也表示“尽管”，引导让步状语,Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.,IcanhavearestwhenIhavefinishedmywork.,Allthelightswentoutwhentheclockstrucktwelve.,when还可做并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,相当于andatthis/thattime,Weareabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorain.,IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIsawatailorsshop.,Ihadwalked20mileswhenitstartedtorain.,as,while,when用法总结,都可以引导时间状语，且意思为“当的时候”但as和while常强调两个动作同时发生。当强调两个动作时间先后时只能用when。,2.when还可做并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。且还可用于“hardly/scarcelywhen”结构中，意为“刚就”。,3.while有时表示转折或引导让步状语，意为“然而”或“尽管”。,4.as用法很多，引导时间状语时有时意为“一边一边”或“随着”。也可做关系代词用与定语从句中，还可意为“尽管”“因为”“按照”等，引导让步、原因、方式等状语从句。,Grammar2:pastperfecttense,过去的两个动作，如果一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，发生在前的就用过去完成时，即“过去的过去”。,eg.Whenhereachedtheshop,ithadalreadyclosed.,1.在by,bytheendof,bythetime后接某一表示过去的时间时。,Hehadcopiedthereportthreetimesbytenlastnight.BytheendoflastFriday,theprojecthadalreadybeencompleted.,Wehadhopedtocatchthe8:00bus,butfounditgone.,3.nosoonerthan.,hardly/scarcelywhen.中，前面用完成时，表示“刚就”/“一.就.”,Theyhadhardlybeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.Ihadnosoonerfinishedtheworkthanthelightwentout.Ihadscarcelyclosedthewindowwhenthestormcame.,Ihadthoughthehaddied.,2.表示原计划打算做某事而没有办成。常用词有:want,mean,plan,hopethink,suppose,expectetc.,此句式可以变成倒装，时态不变。,Hardlyhadtheybeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.NosoonerhadIfinishedtheworkthanthelightwentout.,4.在有beforeandafter的时间状语从句中，因为有了明确的前后关系，主句可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。,Thetrainleftbeforehegotthere.IplayedcomputergamesafterI(had)finishedmyhomework.,Exercises:,Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_someonepattedhimontheshould.,A.AsB.untilC.whileD.when,2.Iarrivedlate;I_theroadtobesoicy.,wouldntexpectB.haventexpectedC.hadntexpectedD.wasntexpecting,D,C,2019/12/12,9,可编辑,3._modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.,A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.If,A,4.Iwillgohome_Ihavefinishedmyhomework.A.untilB.whenC.asD.while5.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewhospital_.A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted,B,D,6.Helen_herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome7.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_fatherwasawayinParis.A.asB.thatC.duringD.if,C,A,8.JohnandI_friendsfor8years.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe_eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen9.Thenewbridge_bytheendofthismonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.isdesignedD.willhavebeendesigned10._exerciseI,wewenttodoanotherexercise.A.HavingfinishedB.FinishingC.AfterfinishedD.Whenfinishing,D,D,A,11.-Whatwasthepartylike?-Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since12.-CanIjoinyourclub,Dad?-Youcanwhenyou_abitolder.A.getB.willgetC.aregettingD.willhavegot13.-Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?-_1932.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since,D,A,D,14._youreceivedthenews?A.WhenwasitthatB.WhenwasitC.WhenitwasthatD.Whenitwas15.Atthistimetomorrow_overtheAtlantic.A.weregoingtoflyB.wellbeflyingC.wellflyD.weretofly16.-WhatwereyoudoingwhenIphonedyouyesterdayevening?-I_myhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeabath.A.hadjustfinishedB.wasfinishingC.havealreadyfinishedD.wasgoingtofinish,A,B,A,16.Therestofmoney_spentsofar.A.wasB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.hadbeen17.-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?