形容词与副词讲解加练习.doc

形容词&副词一、形容词的定义 表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective). 形容词修饰名词,为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类. 一般放在所修饰的名词之前;若修饰不定代词,则需后置.二、形容词的用法1. 用作定语 Li Mei is a beautiful city girl.2. 用作表语 My fathers car is very expensive.3. 用作宾语补足语 Dont keep the door open. 4. the+形容词,表示一类人或事物,相当于名词,用作主语及宾语 The old often think of old things. The new always take the place of the old.5.有时也可用作状语或补语 Please speak loud and clear. After seven days, the children came back from the forest safe.三、形容词的位置1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语a red flower一朵红花 this interesting story这个有趣的故事(1)当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时,形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后.例如:She has something new to tell me. I have nothing important to do today.(2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时,形容词必须置于名词之后.例如:It is a problem difficult to work out. Edison is a student difficult to teach.(3)在以下特殊用法中,形容词置于所修饰的名词之后.例如:All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.(4)有少数形容词,如enough和possible,既可置于所修饰的名词之前,也可置于所修饰的名词之后.例如:Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare 你有足够的时间做准备吗 (5)有些形容词,置于名词之前与之后,含义不尽相同.例如:the writer present 出席的作家 the present writer 当代的作家四、形容词的比较等级 形容词的比较级和最高级一般情况加er, estsmaller,smallest以e 结尾加r,stlarger,largest单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est以辅音字母+y 结尾的词改y为i，再加er,estbusier,busiest重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母，加er,estfatter,fattest以ow,er结尾的双音节词加er ,estnarrower,narrowestcleverer,cleverest多数双音节和多音节的词加more mostmore beautiful,most important副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。3. 几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级 最高级good ,wellbetterbestbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarthest,furtheroldolder, elderoldest, eldest比较级和最高级的常用句型(1) 句型asas,表示两者相比较,程度相同.The old man walks as fast as a young man.(2) 句型not as(so)as,表示两者相比较,前者不如后者.Im not as tall as Jack. 我没有杰克高.(3) 表示两者之间比较时,用形容词比较级+than或lessthan两种句型.Your mother looks healthier than before.(4) more and more 越来越.The park is getting more and more beautiful.(5) the 比较级the 比较级 越就越.The more books we read, the cleverer we will become. (6) the+比较级+of the two两个中较的一个.Id like to go to the farther of the two places.(7) 比较级+than any other+单数名词比其他任何都.Li Lei is taller than any other boy in his class. (8) 三者或三者以上相比较,用the+最高级+名词+范围结构.This is the cleanest place of the city.(9) 表示最之一,用one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest buildings in the world.注意: 形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时,则不加the.例如:(正)This is my best friend.(误) This is my the(the my) best friend.五、几种常见的形容词句型1.形容词+介词+名词(或代词或动名词)Im not interested in playing computer games.My parents are pleased with my studies.2.It is(was)+形容词+of/for+名词(或代词)+不定式Its foolish of me to make such a mistake.It was kind of the driver to send the old man home.3.形容词+不定式常用于这种句型的形容词有:able,sure,lucky,ready,happy,likely等. She is sure to pass the exam. Im lucky to meet you here.副词的用法1. 副词修饰动词，在句子中作方式状语。例如：The man runs fast. (fast修饰runs这个动作)2. 副词修饰形容词，并且通常放在形容词的前面例如：He becomes very handsome.3. 在“副词+形容词”这样的结构中，中心词是形容词，副词只是为了说明程度大小即：very handsome的中心词是handsome4. 副词前面也可以加副词，例如上面的句子都可以改写成：The man runs very fast. very本身是副词，意思是“非常，很”，所以后面也可以跟副词或者形容词。v 填形容词还是副词？实义动词后面跟副词，连系动词后面跟形容词。例如：She sings beautifully. (sing是实义动词，beautiful用来说明唱得如何) She looks sad. (look是连系动词，后面跟形容词)*还有一些不是连系动词的词，例如make和get，要根据句子的意思判断填形容词还是副词。区分：He is making a kite carefully.(carefully用来修饰make这个动词) He made the teacher angry.(angry是指the teacher，而不是修饰make这个动词) 于是有词组：make sb+adj. leave sb+adj. get+adjv 形容词和副词分别长什么样子？1. 形容词的词尾通常有ing/ful/ed/yinteresting、tiring、boring、exciting、surprising、amazing（与物有关）interested、tired、bored、excited、surprised、amazed（与人有关）careful、hopeful、wonderful、helpful、colorful、meaningful、beautifulrainy、windy、cloudy、dry、messy、easy、funny、busy、angry区分：The children were excited when they heard the exciting news. The man was tired(劳累的) after doing so many tiring(累人的) jobs.*但是在interesting与interested中，形容人或物的都用interesting，而interested常以词组be interested in的形式出现，表示“对感兴趣”。The story is interesting./The teacher is interesting.2. 副词的词尾通常是ly，但亦有一些不以ly结尾的副词。badly、surprisingly、carefully、hopefully、quickly、greatly、possibly（通常是由形容词加ly变来）hard（努力地）、well（好）、high（高）、fast（快地）、pretty(十分，非常)、very much/a lot（非常）a little(一点)3. 有些词既是形容词也是副词hard adj.硬的 adv.努力地 early adj.早的 adv.早地 late adj.迟的 adv.迟 high adj.&adv. 高 well adj.健康地 adv.好 形容词变副词的规律规则变化范围变化规则例词大部分形容词加lycareless-carelessly quiet-quietly以le结尾的形容词去e加lypossible-possibly terrible-terriblycomfortable-comfortably gentle-gently以y结尾的形容词变y为ilyeasy-easily angry-angrilynoisy-noisily happy-happily不规则变化本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变fast-fast、early-early、high-highhard-hard、late-late、far-far形容词和副词为完全不同的单词good-well虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词friendly、lively、lovely、lonely、likely有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加ly的副词形式。但加不加ly意思不一样，使用时需注意wide(形容词，宽阔的，睁大的)-wide(副词，睁大地)/widely(副词，广泛地),late(形容词，晚的)-late(副词，晚地)，lately（最近）high(形容词，高的)-high(副词，高地)/highly(副词，高度地)特别容易犯错的副词形容词副词备注hardhardhard副词容易写成hardly, hardly意思为“几乎不”，与hard无任何关系friendly无不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成in a friendly way“用一种友好的方式”。如：He smiled at me in a friendly way.politepolitely不用去掉字母e。类似的词还有：widely, nicely, closely,形容词比较级练习题（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long wide fat heavy slow few brightly badly far quickly happy unhappy (二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years (old ) than I. 4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the (young) child. 5. The (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Mary sings (well) in her class. 9. She will be much (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is than that one.(expensive) (三)翻译句子： 1 这本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _ _ that one. 2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is today _ it was yesterday. 4 这个故事比另一个有趣得多。This story is _ _ than that one. 5 他比我大两岁。He is _ _ than I. 6 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is _ _ than that one. 7 她的身体状况一天天好起来。She is getting _ every day. 8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ English. 9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _ he gets. 10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _ _ of two. 副词练习一、将形容词变为副词1.easy 2.hard 3.true 4.heavy 5.careful 6.happy 7.fast 8.lucky 9.gentle 10.possible 11.angry 12.sad 13.good 14.bad 15.near 16.terrible 17.quick 18.nice 二、用单词适当形式填空1. Look at the children on the playground. They are flying kites _(happy). 2.Why do you think you did so _(bad)in your test?3.We can _(easy) forgive a child who is afraid of the dark, but we cant forgive an adult who is afraid of the light.4.Congratulations! Youve answered all the questions _(correct). 5.The computer is (wide)used in our daily life. We can do many things with it. 6. I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more _(comfortable).7.Mary passed her examination because she studied very _(hard). 8.“Why didnt you tell me earlier?” The boss shouted _(hungry). 9.Its (true) possible that robot teachers will be popular in schools some day. 10. How _(comfortable) the giant pandas are living in Taiwan! 11.Miss Xu smiled and said to me _(soft), “Never mind, my boy!”12.Last night it rained _(heavy) in the southern part of the city. 13. Simon hates to be like others, he often tires to do everything (different). 14.The children clapped their hands _(excited) as soon as the astronauts appeared on the stage. 15.Tom had an accident yesterday. His teacher sent him to the hospital (quick). 形容词与副词专项训练练习题( ) 1. Work gets done _ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier( ) 2. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good ( ) 3. He began to take political science _ only when he left school. A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously ( ) 4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only _ beaten. A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly ( ) 5. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest ( ) 6. Do you need any help, Lucy? Yes, The job is _ I could do myself. A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than ( ) 7. There is an old proverb, Love me, love my dog. But there is _ wisdom in this: Love me, love my book. A. some B. much C. more D. most ( ) 8. With April 18s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers. A. good B. better C. best D. the best ( ) 9. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better C. best D. well ( ) 10. After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite ( ) 11. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ one. A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known ( ) 12. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book. A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive ( ) 13. I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us. She is _ than unfriendly, Im afraid. A. shyer B. much shyer C. shy more D. more shy ( ) 14. I didnt do well in this English examination. How about you? I did _ you. A. not better than B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than ( ) 15. Now that you like the house with a garden, why not buy it? Well, I cant afford _ house at present. A. that expensive a B. a such expensive C. that an expensive D. a so expensive 用所给词的适当形式填空1.The river was so polluted that it _(actual) caught fire and burned.2.Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and _ (soft).3.Just be _ (patience).4.Although parents should take _ (well) care of their young children, they dont _ (necessary) do anything for them.5.-Do you like Marys new hairstyle?-Perfect! How much _ (good) she looks with the curly short hair!6.- Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?- Not at all. I cant have a _ (bad) one.7.- Lily did succeed at last!- Yeah, indeed, but she was _ (luck) than successful, I think.8.That would be a very _ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like this.9.Mary felt _ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room.10. The teachers are very enthusiastic and _ (friend) and the classrooms are _ (amaze).单句改错 (只有一处错误)1.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.2.We dont need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time for after-school activities.3.The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.4. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.5.Im always caution about what I say because some careless remarks are likely to hurt others feelings.6.Doing physical exercise is an effect way to get rid of anger.7.But such a small thing couldnt possible destroy a village.8.Interesting, it has a connection with the British porcelain (瓷器) industry.1. C。根据题意可知，说话者是将when people do it together和when people dont do it together这两种情况比较，故选比较级。注意不要选D，因为在此题是要用副词修饰动词，不能用形容词。另外，根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。 2. D。首先，根据连系动词后要接形容词作表语这一特点，可排除A和C。另外，使役动词make后可接动词原形（不带to的不定式）或过去分词作宾语补足语，但不能接现在分词，故可排除选项B。 3. D。take sth seriously的意思是“认真对待某事”“认真考虑某事”。 4. C。副词narrowly在此表示“勉强地”，又如：He narrowly escaped being run over. 他差点儿被车压死。 The proposal to change the rules was narrowly defeated by 201 votes to 196. 建议改变规则的提议以196票对201票的微弱差额被否决了。本题句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93比94。我们以微弱的劣势输掉了比赛。 5. B。因题目把这组新学生与前面一组学生进行比较，故用比较级。 6. B。注意句中的Yes，由于答话者对问话者的“你需要帮助吗？”作了肯定回答，说明答话者独自完成工作有困难，故填more than。 7. C。由于是将“Love me, love my dog”与“Love me, love my book”进行比较，故用比较级。此题的巧妙之处在于句中没有出现than，而是给出两个待比较的proverb。 8. B。句子大意为：由于铁路提速了，所以高速公路和航空业要提高服务质量来竞争客源。因将“高速公路和航空”与“铁路”比较，故用比较级。 9. B。题目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较，故用比较级。句意为：史密斯家人晚餐时上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。 10. B。这四个副词中，通常只有far可用于修饰比较。注：quite有时也可用于修饰比较better，但它只用于表示“身体康复”，不用于其他意义。 11. C。因为是从他所写的所有歌中选出一首来比较，故用最高级(from )。 12. B。因是两者比较，故用比较级，可将答案锁定在B和C之间；再根据句意，排除C。 13. D。此题考查morethan的用法，其意为“与其说不如说”。 14. D。句中的no better than相当于as badly as，其意为“一样不好”。 15. A。that在用作副词，用法相当于so，意为“如此，这么”。 1. actually 2. softly 3. patient 4. good, necessarily 5. better 6. worse 7. more lucky 8. reasonable 9. pleased 10. friendly, amazing1. taste-tasty 2. many-much 3. helpfully-helpful 4. closely - close 5. caution-cautious 6. effect-effective 7. possible -possibly8. Interesting-Interestingly 9. more-manylongerlongestwiderwidestfatterfattestheavierheaviestslowslowerslowestfewerfewestmorebrightlymostbrightlymorebadlymostbadlyfartherfarthestmorequicklymostquicklyhappierhappiestunhappierunhappiest(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：1.eresting8.well,better,best9.Happier10.moreexpensive(三)翻译句子：1.asinterestingas2.Aswellas3.muchcoldertodaythan4.Muchmoreinteresting5.twoyearsolder6.Notmoreinteresting7.Gettingbetterandbetter8.moreandmoreinterestedin9.Fatter 10.Themoredifficult形容词&副词一、形容词的定义 表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective). 形容词修饰名词,为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类. 一般放在所修饰的名词之前;若修饰不定代词,则需后置.二、形容词的用法1. 用作 Li Mei is a beautiful city girl.2. 用作 My fathers car is very expensive.3. 用作 Dont keep the door open. 4. ,表示一类人或事物,相当于名词,用作主语及宾语 The old often think of old things. The new always take the place of the old.5.有时也可用作 Please speak loud and clear. After seven days, the children came back from the forest safe.三、形容词的位置1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语a red flower一朵红花 this interesting story这个有趣的故事(1)当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的 时,形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后.例如:She has something new to tell me. I have nothing important to do today.(2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时,形容词必须置于名词之后.例如:It is a problem difficult to work out. Edison is a student difficult to teach.(3)在以下特殊用法中,形容词置于所修饰的名词之后.例如:All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.(4)有少数形容词,如 和 ,既可置于所修饰的名词之前,也可置于所修饰的名词之后.例如:Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare 你有足够的时间做准备吗 (5)有些形容词,置于名词之前与之后,含义不尽相同.例如:the writer present 的作家 the present writer 的作家四、形容词的比较等级 形容词的比较级和最高级一般情况 smaller,smallest以e 结尾 larger,largest单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est以辅音字母+y 结尾的词busier,busiest重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母fatter,fattest以ow,er结尾的双音节词narrower,narrowestcleverer,cleverest多数双音节和多音节的词more beautiful,most important副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以ly结尾的副词前加 和 来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。3. 几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级 最高级good ,wellbad, ill, badlymany ,muchlittlefarold比较级和最高级的常用句型(1) 句型 ,表示两者相比较,程度相同.The old man walks as fast as a young man.(2) 句型 ,表示两者相比较,前者不如后者.Im not as tall as Jack. 我没有杰克高.(3) 表示两者之间比较时,用 或 两种句型.Your mother looks healthier than before.(4) 越来越.The park is getting more and more beautiful.(5) 越就越.The more books we read, the cleverer we will become. (6) 两个中较的一个.Id like to go to the farther of the two places.(7) 比其他任何都.Li Lei is taller than any other boy in his class. (8) 三者或三者以上相比较,用 结构.This is the cleanest place of the city.(9) 表示最之一,用 .The Great Wall of China i