专四语法练习题

1. When Jack was eighteen he _going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late. A. took to B. took for C. took up D. took on2. He _so much work that he couldnt really do it efficiently.A. put on B. turned on C. brought on D. took on3. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is _ conditions and events.A. in response to B. in favor of C. in contrast to D. in excess of4. An obvious change of attitude at the top towards womens status in society will _through the current law system in Japan.A. permeate B. probe C. violate D. grope5. I seem to have reached a rather gloomy conclusion, but I think that something cheerful may still be derived _ it.A. of B. off C. from D. with6. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _ in the courtyard.A. assemble B. converge C. crowd D. accumulate7. He believed that the greatest of his _ was that hed never had a college education.A. griefs B. misfortunes C. disasters D. sorrows8. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six_libraries specially serve the countryside.A. mobile B. drifting C. shifting D. rotating9. All our attempts to _the child from drowning were in vain.A. regain B. recover C. reserve D. rescue10. The shop assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of _quality hed tell them so.A. humble B. inferior C. minor D. awkward11. The new washing machines are _at the rate of fifty a day.A. turn up B. turn down C. turned out D. turned in12. _should any money be given to a small child.A. On no account B. From all accounts.C. Of no account D. By all accounts13. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded_the nurse Florence Nightingale.A. in line with B. in favor of C. in honor of D. in place of14. Visitors are asked to _with the regulations.A. contrast B. consult C. comply D. conflict15. He thought he could talk Mr. Robinson _ buying some expensive equipment.A. on B. of C. round D. into16. The republication of the poets most recent works certainly _his national reputation.A. magnify B. strengthen C. enlarge D. enhance17. Although the two players are _in the tennis court, they are really good friends.A. partners B. enemies C. rivals D.companions18. His body temperature has been_for three days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.A. uncommon B. disordered C. abnormalD. extraordinary19. The final document was of course, supposed to mend the damage _upon the world by the war.A. imposed B. impressed C. compelled D. compressed20. The drowning child was saved by Dicks _action.A. acute B. alert C. profound D. prompt21. The magician picked several persons _from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A. by accident B. at random C. on occasion D.on average22. This is _the most difficult job I have ever tackled.A. by rights B. by itself C. by oneself D. by far23. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning_traffic jam.A. in line with B. for the sake of C. in case of D. at the risk of24. We _Edisons success to his intelligence and hard work.A. subject B. attribute C. owe D. refer25. In Britain, and on the continent too, the Japanese are sometimes viewed _a threat to domestic industries.A. like B. with C. for D. as试题答案与解析 1. A) 【句意】 杰克18岁时愿意跟一帮怪里怪气的人混在一起，常常在外面呆到很晚才回来。【难点】 take to意为“喜欢上”；take for意为“认为，误以为”；take up意为“占据(时间、空间、注意力等)”；take on意为“承担，呈现(面貌)，具有(特征)”。 2. D) 【句意】 他承担的工作太多，以致于无法真正有效地进行。【难点】 take on意为“承担”； turn on意为“开(电灯、水源、煤气等)”；bring on意为“引起，导致”；put on意为“穿上(衣服)，增加(体重)。” 3. A) 【句意】 大部分人类活动，特别是与周围环境有关的活动，是对各种情况或事件的反应。【难点】 in response to意为“反应”； in favour of意为“赞成，主张”;in contrast to意为“与形成对照”; in excess of意为“超过”。 4. A) 【句意】 上层社会对妇女在社会中地位的态度发生了明显的变化，这种变化将对日本现行的法律体系产生影响。【难点】 permeate意为“渗透”;violate意为“侵犯，玷污”;probe意为“探索”，作不及物动词时可与介词into搭配; grope意为“摸索,探索”，可与介词for搭配。5. C) 【句意】 我得出的结论似乎令人沮丧，但我想或许能从中产生某种令人高兴的东西。【难点】 derive无论作及物动词还是不及物动词，都可与介词from搭配，除表示起源之类的意思外，还可表示“取得，得到”等意思。6. A) 【句意】 如遇火警，要求全体居民在院子里集合。【难点】 assemble意为“集合”；converge意为“会聚，集中(指向一共同点集中)；crowd意为“挤满，聚集(含有人群无秩序，人体互相碰擦的意思)”；accumulate意为“积累，积聚”。7. A) 【句意】 他认为自己最大的不幸就是从未受过高等教育。【难点】 grief意为“不幸的事，伤心的事(可数名词，常指因所爱的人去世或其它原因造成的、使人感到悲痛或忧虑的事情)”。8. A) 【句意】 这家服务机构在全国有36家图书馆，同时有6家专门为农村服务的流动图书馆。【难点】 mobile意为“流动的”；drifting意为“漂流的”；shifting意为“移动的(指位置或方向发生改变)”；rotating意为“旋转的”。9. D) 【句意】 抢救落水儿童的一切努力均未成功。【难点】 rescue意为“抢救”；regain意为“重新获得，恢复(健康，原职等)”；recover意为“(健康，力量，能力等)恢复，痊愈”；reserve意为“保留，保存”。10. B) 【句意】 这位售货员对顾客很坦率。如果商品质量不好的话，他会如实告诉顾客的。【难点】 inferior意为“次的，次于的”；humble意为“卑贱的，地位低下的(只用于指人)”；minor意为“次要的”；awkward意为“棘手的，使用不便的”。11. C) 【句意】 新洗衣机以每天50台的速度生产出来。【难点】 turn out意为“生产”；turn up意为“开大(收音机、煤气等)”；turn down意为“把调低，拒绝”；turn in意为“上交”。 12. A) 【句意】 绝不应该给小孩子钱。【难点】 on no account意为“绝不”；from all accounts和by all accounts意为“根据说法”，并非固定搭配，而of no account意为“丝毫不重要”是从成语ofaccount(“有重要性”)演化而来的，account可加some, great, little, small等限定词进行修饰，表示程度。 13. C) 【句意】 在伦敦时，我们访问了为纪念弗劳伦斯南丁格尔护士而建立的医院。【难点】 in honor of意为“为的荣誉”；in line with意为“与一致”； in favor of意为“支持，赞成”；in place of意为“代替”。 14. C) 【句意】 要求参观者遵守规则。【难点】 comply with意为“遵守”。其它三个词都可与介词with搭配：consult with意为“和商量”；contrast with意为“与形成对比”；conflict with意为“与抵触”。 15. B) 【句意】 他想他能说服鲁宾逊先生买一些昂贵的设备。【难点】 除talk之外，还可用persuade或reason表达同一意思。另外，talk或reason sb. out of (doing) sth.意为“说服某人不做某事”。 16. D) 【句意】 这位诗人新作再版无疑会提高他在国内的知名度。【难点】 enhance意为“提高”;magnify意为“放大，扩大(使某物看起来比本身大)”;strengthen意为“加强，变强(使身体强壮，使某物更加牢固，结实)”;enlarge意为“扩大(使某物变大，或变宽)”。 17. C) 【句意】 这两位网球选手场上是对手，场下是朋友。【难点】 rivals意为“对手”;companion意为“同伴”;enemy意为“敌人”;partner为“搭档，合伙人”。 18. C) 【句意】 他的体温一连三天都不正常，最高时达到40.5度。【难点】 abnormal意为“不正常的”;uncommon意为“不寻常的”;disordered意为“失调的”;extraordinary意为“格外的”。 19. A) 【句意】 最后的文件当然是弥合战争给世界造成的创伤。【难点】 impose意为“强加”;impress意为“给以深刻印象”;compel意为“强迫”;compress意为“压缩”。20. D) 【句意】 迪克行动迅速地救起了落水儿童。【难点】 acute意为“敏锐的，急性的”;alert意为“警觉的，警惕的”;profound意为“深奥的”。21. B) 【句意】 魔术师从观众中任意挑选了几个人，要他们协助表演。【难点】 at random意为“任意地”;by accident意为“偶然地”;on occasion意为“有时”;on average意为“平均”。 22. D) 【句意】 这是我所干得最困难的工作。【难点】 by far用来修饰最高级;by rights意为“按理”。B)、C)意均为“单独地，独自地”,前者指动物或东西，后者指人。 23. C) 【句意】 今天早晨我上班比平时早，以防堵车。【难点】 in case of意为“万一，以防”;for the sake of意为“为了(的利益)”;at the risk of意为“冒险”; in line with意为“与一致”。 24. B) 【句意】 我们把爱迪生的成就归因于他的聪明才智及辛勤的劳动。【难点】 attribute意为“把归因于”;owe to意为“应该把归功于”;subject to意为“使服从，使受到”;refer to意为“查阅，涉及”。 25. D) 【句意】 在英国，以及在欧洲大陆，有时人们把日本人看做是对本地工业的威胁。【难点】 be viewed as意为“被看作”，be viewed和其他三个介词搭配不合适。1. As, after his death, he defeated the forces of injustice,_the position in art that had been kept from him during his life.A. so did he gain B. so he gained C. and he gained D. and gained2. He thought he had lost his _for good. However, he found his pillow already taken by the dog when he entered the room.A. beautiful yellow little dog B. yellow beautiful little dogC. little yellow beautiful dog D. beautiful little yellow dog3. In 1900, the place where he had been buried was finally discovered, marked only by _, with even a simple stone.A. the 61 number B. the number 61st C. the number 61 D. a 61 number4. More than a year later he arrived back in America_.A. ill, tired and unhappy B. with ill, tired and unhappyC. felt ill, tired and unhappy D. he felt ill, tired and unhappy5. She possessed a quick mind, a sharp tongue and _a strong will.A. above all B. first of all C. most of all D. moreover6. “You know so much about literature. Its a pity you failed your degree,” Harry said, “You _ a good teacher.”A. would have been B. can have beenC. must be D. should have been7. _scientists thought the Red Planet was as lifeless as the Moon with dust swirling over vast sandy deserts.A. To begin with B. Beginning with C. It was begun with D. While beginning with8. The girl always says to her boyfriend, “I do wish you_so much.”A. havent smoked B. arent smoking C. didnt smoke D. dont smoke9. Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts _ a substance which they believe can remedy the common cold Vitamin C.A. have taken B. have been taking C. have been taken D. have being taken10. _ can make an immense contribution to the creation of peace and plenty in the world by taking care to understand other nations.A. I and you and all the ordinary peopleB. You and I and all the ordinary peopleC. You and all the ordinary people and meD. All the ordinary people and you and me11. If you start as a junior bank clerk, you will have _responsibilities connected with the handling of cheques.A.minor B. less C. small D. little12. The city postman has to go on foot, not only along streets, but also up and down stairs , as many _ of flats have no lifts and no downstairs letter boxes.A. flights B. rows C. blocks D. storeys13. My father was a dentist in the little town all his life,and it was always taken for granted that I would take over his _when he retired.A. practice B. job C. work D. post14. The same can be said of factory farms, where animals are kept under very_conditions.A. similar B. likely C. close D. like15. There is so much terrorism that people are crying out and asking for more law and _.A. security B. order C. safety D. protection16. Color blind people have difficulty _between blue and green.A. separating B. comparingC. contrasting D. distinguishing17. He felt _ as soon as he realized that he has asked a foolish question.A. bored B. embarrassedC. displeased D.disappointed18. The city was _to me, and I did not know where to go.A. strange B. odd C. unique D. curious19. Im in no _this evening to listen to his silly jokes.A. feeling B. emotion C. mood D. tendency20. The first,second and third prizes went to Bob,Jack and Henry _.A. differently B. separately C. respectively D.equally21. These goods do not come up to the _.A. mark B. sign C. token D. signal22. We express our thoughts by _ of words.A. method B. way C. manner D. means23. I hope you will be _ in future about the things you say.A. careful B. attentive C. cautious D. precautious24. Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be _into giving away vital information.A. caught B. captured C. seized D. trapped25. When operating a machine, we must use _.A. warning B. caution C. advice D. counsel试题答案与解析 1 A) 【句意】 就像他死后战胜了非正义力量一样，他在远离他一生的艺术领域也取得了一席之地。【难点】 “As +句子，so +句子”这一结构意为“象一样，也”。本句中so引导倒装。 2 D) 【句意】 他以为他永远失去了他那漂亮的小黄狗，可当他走进房间的时候，他发现枕头被小狗叼走了。【难点】 这是一个形容词作层迭修饰的问题。请参阅Test 7的“疑难攻破”。3 C) 【句意】 1900年，他的埋葬地终于被发现，墓碑十分简单，上面只标刻着数字61。【难点】 61是个数字，并特指那个数字，所以用the number 61。4 A) 【句意】 一年多以后，他回到了美国，又病又累，情绪低落。【难点】 ill ,tired and unhappy 作主语的补足语，说明主语的状态、特点。5 A) 【句意】 她有副反应敏捷的大脑，一张利嘴，最重要的是，她有坚强的意志。【难点】 above all 意为“最重要的是”；first of all 意为“首先”；most of all 不是固定搭配；moreover 意为“而且”。 6 A) 【句意】 “约翰，你的文学知识很丰富，没拿到学位可真遗憾。”哈利说。“你本会成为一个好老师。”【难点】 failed your degree 是过去发生的行为，该句暗含这样一层意义：If you hadnt failed your degree you would have been a good teacher. 7 A) 【句意】 一开始，科学家认为红行星就像月亮一样毫无生机，上面有尘土飞扬的沙漠。【难点】 to begin with 是习语搭配，意为“首先，一开始”。8 C) 【句意】 这个女孩总跟男朋友说:“我真希望你不抽那么多烟。”【难点】 wish 后的that从句应使用虚拟语气，由于那个男朋友smoke是一般现在时行为，所以选didnt smoke ,才符合语法要求。 9 B) 【句意】 1970年以来，数百万热心者一直在服用一种他们认为能治感冒的物质维生素C。【难点】 与since 引导的时间状语相呼应，主句动词使用现在完成进行时。10 B) 【句意】 如果用心去理解其它民族，你和我，以及所有的普通人就能够为世界和平和发展作出巨大贡献。【难点】 选项B)是四项中惟一符合英语语言习俗的词序。 11 A) 【句意】 如果你一开始只作银行初级职员，你在处理支票方面的责任就不大。【难点】 minor 意为“不重要的，次要的”； less意为“较少的”，是比较级；small 意为“小的，小规模的”，不能修饰responsibility ；little 意为“渺小的，微不足道的，细小的”。 12 C) 【句意】 这位城市邮差不得不步行，不仅仅沿着大街，而且还要上下楼梯，因为许多栋楼既无电梯也无楼下信箱。【难点】 block 意为“一栋楼；街区”；flight意为“楼梯的一段，飞行”；row 意为“一行，一排，一列”；storey 意为“楼层”。 13 A) 【句意】 我父亲在小镇里当了一辈子牙医，人们认为我会在他退休后理所当然地接他的班。【难点】 practice 意为“（医生或律师等的）业务，开业”；job 意为“（一件）工作，活儿，零活”；post 意为“职务，职位”；work意为“工作”，是长期稳定的工作或劳动。 14 A) 【句意】 工厂的农场也一样，动物们被放养在相同的条件下。【难点】 similar 意为“相像的，相仿的，类似的”；likely 意为“可能的”；close 意为“接近的，近的”；like 意为“相像的，相似的”，但少用。15 B) 【句意】 恐怖主义如此严重，人们都在大声疾呼制定更多的法律以带来良好的社会秩序。【难点】 order 意为“治安，秩序，顺序”；security 意为“平安，安全感”，相对于受犯罪行为或外来入侵的威胁而言；safety意为“安全，平安”，相对于危险而言；protection 意为“保护，防护”。16 D) 【句意】 色盲的人很难区分蓝色和绿色。【难点】 distinguish 意为“区分，辨别，分清”，后常接between 和among; separate 意为“使分开，分离”,后常接from；compare 意为“对比，对照”，指对比相同点，后接with 或to ；contrast意为“使形成对照”，对比不同点。 17 B) 【句意】 当他意识到自己问了一个十分愚蠢的问题的时候，他感到十分尴尬。【难点】 embarrassed意为“窘迫的，局促不安的”；bored 意为“无聊的，厌烦的”；displeased 意为“不高兴的，不愉快的”；disappointed 意为“失望的，沮丧的”。 18 A) 【句意】 这个城市对我来说是陌生的，我不知道该去哪里。【难点】 strange意为“生疏的，奇怪的”；odd意为“奇特的，古怪的”；unique意为“独一无二的”；curious意为“好奇的，有好奇心的”。strange,odd 和unique 辨析：strange 词义最广，指非一般的，不平常的，费解的或与预期不同的，还强调陌生，不熟悉的。odd 强调有异于正常，表示不标准，不正规，不符合规律等，暗示这种奇异令人困惑不解。unique 可指在某一方面不同寻常，特别，有较强的独一无二的意思。 19 C) 【句意】 我今晚没情绪听他那愚蠢的笑话。【难点】 mood 意为“情绪”, be in no mood (to do )意为“全然不想做某事”；feeling意为“情感”；emotion意为“激情，感情”；tendency意为“倾向，趋向”。feeling和 emotion辨析:feeling 指人的感觉，如快乐，悲哀，痛苦，钦佩等情感，它本身不反映感情的强弱。emotion指由于受到某种刺激而产生的喜、怒、哀、乐等情感。 20 C) 【句意】 鲍勃，杰克和享利分别获得一、二、三等奖。【难点】 respectively 意为“各自地，分别地”；differently 意为“以不同方式”；separately 意为“各自地，个别地”；equally 意为“相等地，平等地”。 21 A) 【句意】 这些货物与商标不符。【难点】 mark 意为“商标，标签”；sign 意为“牌，招牌，标牌”；token意为“凭证，纪念品”；signal意为“暗号，信号”。 22 D) 【句意】 我们借助于词汇表达思想。【难点】 by means of 意为“借助于；用； 依靠”。method, way， manner 都有“方法，方式，办法”之意，但彼此间略有不同。method 指精心拟定的一组方法，强调详细，步骤分明。way 即可指单一的技巧，也可指复杂的操作方法，还可指一些人处理某一问题所采用的特殊方法。manner常指一种独特的做事方法。 23 A) 【句意】 我希望你以后说话注意点。【难点】 careful 意为“小心的，注意的”，后接with 或about； attentive意为“注意的，专心的”；cautious意为“慎重的，谨慎的”，为贬义词；precautious意为“戒备的”。 24 D) 【句意】 答题前要三思，你也许会上当从而泄露重要信息。【难点】 trap sb into doing sth 意为“使某人陷入圈套；使陷于困境”。catch意为“捉住，捕获，逮住”；capture 意为“俘虏；捕获”；seize意为“抓住”。catch和 capture 辨析:catch 指需要积极追寻，或采取一定的方法来抓住。capture 指需要采取一定的计谋，技巧甚至武力，克服抵抗才能抓到或夺到。 25 B) 【句意】 操纵机器时，我们必须阅读警告牌。【难点】 caution 意为“警惕，警告，告诫”；warning亦为“警告，告诫”；advice 意为“建议，劝告”；counsel 亦为“劝告，忠告”。advice 和counsel 辨析:advice 指对不论重要还是琐碎的事情提供的建议。counsel 指发表意见的人从独立和客观的观点出发，在公事上或以权威的身份提出的意见，涉及的事情对寻求意见的人来说具有较大重要性。caution 和warning 辨析：caution 意为“小心，谨慎”，警告人对某事慎重处理或慎重去做。warning是警告某人危险的存在，告知人们做某事是危险的。1. Only in the dream world _moments of desolation or terror that are worse than anything we have known under the sun.A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there2. Would you please _spoil any material?A. not B. not to C. to not D. dont3. _in physical shape, he dropped out of the University of Syracuse.A. As he was bad B. Bad as he was C. Bad although he was D. Bad though he was4. I hope you dont mind me _you sir, but is there much money involved in the will?A. asking B. to ask C. ask D. that I ask5. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is_.A. that he was gradually going deaf B. because he was gradually going deafC. on account of the fact that he was gradually going deaf D. since he was gradually going deaf6. “I often feel a sudden fast heart beat when Im idle.”“You should stop your exercising and need _”A.to check your heart B. to have your heart checkedC. to have checked your heart D. to be checked your heart7. When I finish the story, Lenin jumped up from his chair and started pacing the floor, _, deep in thought.A. with his head bending B. in his head bent C. his head bending D. his head bent8. But what_to define his personality is a driven concentration on his work, compulsive attention to every aspect of creating musicals.A. seems most B. is mostly C. is most D. seems mostly9. Switzerland is _ a place to indulge in all your favorite winter sports; its also a marvellous spot to relax.A. rather than B. more than C. else than D. other than10. I am lucky _the thing I enjoy doing most is _Ive ended up doing.A. when. that B. if.what C. that. what D. that.that11. Please _your voice if you have any questions to ask the chairman.A. rise B. raise C. lift D. enlarge12. Owen obviously had no _of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the English Test.A. ambition B. desire C. intention D. wish13. The National Gallery in London has more visitors than _any other because of its free admission.A. practically B. really C. actually D. completely14. On that bitterly cold winter night , few people walked along the _ narrow streets.A. lonely B. neglected C. deserted D. isolated15. If you keep getting wrong numbers, your phone could be _.A. defective B. ineffective C. deficient D. deceptive16. Mr.Johnson had a terrible cold and could not stop _.A. yawning B. sighing C. sneezing D. spitting17. The chairman asked the members to _their votes for or against the proposal.A. cast B. throw C. bid D. offer18. She was barred from the golf club for refusing to_with the request.A. conform B. adhere C. abide D. comply19. She always _the smell of fresh bread with her aunt, who loved baking.A. associated B. connected C. attributed D. contributed20. Even when the strike was over, and