德国生物燃料.pdf

-Biofuels in Germany - Technical and economical Status Quo 德国生物燃料德国生物燃料 技术与经济现状技术与经济现状 19 November 2009 ORBIT 2009 CHINA Beijing, China Peter Schrum, President des BBK e.V. (Bundesverband biogene & regenerative Kraft- & Treibstoffe) 皮特 斯鲁姆皮特 斯鲁姆: 德国生物和再生燃料协会德国生物和再生燃料协会(BBK) 董事长董事长 Tong Boitin, China Representative of BBK 王彤王彤: 德国生物和再生燃料协会德国生物和再生燃料协会(BBK)中国代表中国代表 Structure of the BBK BBK 组织机构 Structure of the BBK BBK 组织机构 1/3 Biomass Production 1/3生物质 Farrmers, cooperatives 1/3 Biofuel Production 1/3生物燃料 Producers of Biogas, Biomethan, Biosynfuel, Veg. Oil, Bio diesel, Bioethanol, 1/3 Biofuel Marketing/consumer 1/3生物燃料市场/客户 Municipalities, energy suppliers, Mineral oil industry, transport Companies, CHP operators In total: more than 250 members & 12 associations more than 60 conferences, talks and trade fairs a year. BBK 目前拥有12个入会成员组织和250个会员单位，平绝每年有60场大型会议，讲座 和展览会 Vegetable oil Production 菜油菜油 Food industry 食品工业 Fertilizer 肥料 CHP Electricity generation 热电联产 Vehicles /Biodiesel/ Bioethanol/ Synfuels 生物柴油/生物乙醇/ 合成燃料 Vehicles/ Vegetable oill 车 辆菜油 Conversion 转化 Protein feed 蛋白质 1/3 Pure Vegetable oil 纯 菜油 2/3 Seed cake 油籽饼 Production of milk, eggs and meat 肉，蛋 ， 奶 Connection of the biofuel with the protein industry 生物燃料与蛋白质产业的关系 1/3 Vegetable oil 菜油 Biofuels and the conflict between Food & Energy 生物燃料以及粮食与能源之间的矛盾生物燃料以及粮食与能源之间的矛盾 In the EU currently 3,5 Mio t grain for Bioethanol with a total production of 267 Mio t 目前欧盟国家生产的生物酒精总量达到2.67亿吨，生产这些生物酒精 所消耗粮食的量为350万吨。 Currently 3,2 Mio ha fallow land in the EU 目前欧盟国家种植用来生产生物酒精粮食的耕地面积为320万公顷。 Quoting FAO: the amount of food that is produced can feed up to 12 billion people reasons for hunger is market intervention, mismanagement, wars and natural catastrophes, not biofuels 据FAO报道，目前所生产的粮食 能够养活120亿人口，饥饿的原因主要在于市场干预，管理不善，战争与自然 灾害，并不是由于生物燃料。 Example: South Africa more than 2 Mio ha fallow land. Non Food production only at those areas increasing the cultivation areas instead of competition for the existing ones. 例如：南非有两百多万公顷的耕地，但是该地区没有粮食生 产。解决该问题的办法就是扩大耕地面积而并不是争夺目前现有的资源。 Old & Waste Oils 废油 Animal fats 动物脂肪 Fish oil 鱼油 Filtering and centrifuging the used oil 对用过的油进行过滤并离心 Transesterification of those used oils into biodiesel 通过酯交换反应将用过的油转化为生物柴油 Status Quo April 08 Germany Vegetable oil & Biodiesel 4月月8日德国植物油与生物柴油现状日德国植物油与生物柴油现状 450.000 550.000 800.000 1.200.000 1.800.000 3.300.000 3.200.000 0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 3500000 2001200220032004200520062007 Biodiesel production in Germany (in t) 德国生物柴油产量 / 吨 Biodiesel production in Germany (in t) 德国生物柴油产量 / 吨 Molasses 糖蜜 Sugar water from beets and cane 甜菜与甘蔗糖水 Residues from the food & sugar industry 粮食与糖工业残渣 Foul & low quality grains 劣质粮食 Processing sugar and/or starch into bioethanol 将糖或者淀粉转化为生物酒精 Status Quo April 08 Germany Bioethanol 4月月8日德国生物酒精现状日德国生物酒精现状 Wood residues (industrial & silvan) 木料残渣(加工业&林场) Straw 秸秆 Hemicellulosis 半纤维素 Biomass conversion 生物质转化 Enzymatic hydrolysis & Fermentation 酶水解与发酵 Status Quo April 08 Germany enzymatic fuels 4月月8日德国生物酶燃料现状日德国生物酶燃料现状 Plastic waste 塑料废弃物 Agricultural residues 农业废弃物 Fischer Tropsch reactor Fischer Tropsch 反应器 Gasification process 气化处理 Status Quo April 08 Germany synthetic fuels 4月月8日德国合成燃料现状日德国合成燃料现状 All residues from the food sector 所有来自粮食部门的残渣 Destillers wash 酒厂蒸馏液 Sewage plants 污水处理厂 Fermentation 发酵 Gas processing into bio methane 将气体经过处理后转化成生物甲烷气 Status Quo April 08 Germany bio methane 4月月8日德国生物甲烷气的现状日德国生物甲烷气的现状 Usage of Biomethane 生物甲烷气的用途生物甲烷气的用途 Biorawgas 生物气 Local energising According to the EEG 区域性启动投入 按照德国再生能源政策(EEG) Biomethane 生物甲烷气 Decentral energising 分散式启动投入 Bio-CNG and BioNatural Gas 生物压缩天然气和生物天然气 Gasclearing 气体净化 Gasinjection 注气 Thank you for your attention Contact: 联系人 Peter Schrum - Presi