下肢浅层操作PPT课件.ppt

解剖操作下肢前内侧面,.,皮肤切口,1、由髂前上棘沿腹股沟到耻骨结节作一切口，由耻骨结节向下后，绕阴囊或女外阴切至大腿内侧；2、沿下肢前面正中作一纵切口，下端直至第二足趾背面；3、平胫骨粗隆作一横切口，注意不要过深，以免损伤大隐静脉；4、沿内、外踝联线作一横切口；5、横越所有趾根作一横切口直达足背内、外侧缘；前述五个切口完成后将股前部，小腿前部及足背的皮肤分别剥离，向两侧翻开，暴露浅筋膜，剥皮不能过厚，避免伤及浅层的重要血管和神经。,浅层结构,Greatsaphenousvein大隐静脉,大隐静脉属支Superficiallateralfemoralv.股外侧浅静脉Superficialmedialfemoralv.股内侧浅静脉Externalpudendalv.阴部外静脉Superficialepigastricv.腹壁浅静脉Superficialiliaccircumflexv.旋髂浅静脉,Superficiallateralfemoralv.,Superficialmedialfemoralv.,足背静脉弓小隐静脉,浅筋膜内的浅动脉:superficialepigastrica.腹壁浅动脉superficialiliaccircumflexa.旋髂浅动脉externalpudendala.阴部外动脉浅筋膜内的皮神经:lateralfemoralcutaneousn.股外侧皮神经anteriorandmedialcutaneousbranchesoffemoraln.股神经的前、内侧皮支cutaneousbranchesofobturatorn.闭孔神经皮支,lateralfemoralcutaneousn.,anteriorandmedialcutaneousbranchesoffemoraln.,Cutaneousbranchesofobturatorn.,Superficialperonealn腓浅神经Saphenousn.隐神经Deepperonealn.腓深神经的分支,Superficialinguinallymphnodes腹股沟浅淋巴结Superiorgroup:上组Inferiorgroup:下组,大腿深筋膜,Fascialata阔筋膜Thedeepfasciaenclosesthethighlikeatrouserleg.Saphenoushiatus隐静脉裂孔Agapinthedeepfasicawhichliesabout4cmbelowandlateraltothepubictubercle.Thefalciformmargin镰状缘isthelowerlateralborderoftheopening,whichliesanteriortothefemoralvessels.Filledwithlooseconnectivetissuecalledthecribriformfascia筛筋膜,小腿深筋膜,Surroundsthelegandformstwointermuscularseptatobeattachedtothefibula.Dividedthelegintothreecompartmentsanterior,lateralandposterioreachofwhichcontainsagroupofmuscles,thevesselsandthe