初升高形容词、副词讲解课件.ppt

形容词.副词,Theyhavejustboughtanewcar.Thetomatosoupisdelicious.Ithoughthimhonest.Shecamebackhome,coldandhungry.,(定语),(表语),(宾补),(状语),形容词的句法功用,形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的特征和性质，在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语,Hiseffortsproveduseless.。Ourmonitorishandsomeandstrong.Theclothfeelssoft.,形容词的句法功用,作表语,(在系动词后),be；look,seem,sound,smell,taste,feel,become,get,go,grow,turn,remain/keep,prove,Ismeltthefishcarefullyandthefishsmeltterrible.Thericeisgrowingnice.Wearegrowingold.Milk_badeasilyinsummer.He_atthemeeting.(保持沉默)Somethinghas_withmywatch.(出故障),goes,keptsilent,remained,gonewrong,有些词只能作表语,称为表语形容词.alive;alone;awake;asleep;ashamed;afraidTheboyisstillasleep.Thefishisstillalive.但alive,asleep可以放在名词后作后置定语。Thechildistheonlypersonaliveinthesmallvillageaftertheearthquake.,形容词的句法功用,作表语,Whichisright?asleepingboyanasleepboytheboyalive,Pleasekeepthedooropen.Wefoundhimdeadonthefloor.Whohasmadehimangry?,形容词的句法功用,作宾语补足语,没有什么能使他伤心.Nothingcan_.他尽量使他的课有趣.Hetriedto_hislessons_.请睁大眼睛.Please_youreyes_.,makehimsad,makeinteresting,keepopen,Heislyingontheground,dead.Theygothome,tiredandhungry.,形容词的句法功用,作状语,形容词的名词化,therich富人thepoor穷人theyoung年轻人theold老年人thewounded伤员thedead死者,the+某些形容词，表示“某一类人”,Thewoundedarebeinglookedafterinthehospital.,副词,Adverb,1.副词的基本功能:作状语，修饰动词：Hedrivescarefully.Heplaystennisverybadly.修饰全句的副词一般放在句首：Fortunately,hewasnotinjured.Surprisingly,hegothomesoearly.,2.频度副词:often,always,usually,seldom,never,sometimes,hardly等的位置Shealwaysgoestoherauntsbytrain.Hehadhardlygotupwhenthetelephonerang.Weusuallyhaveadiscussionafterclass.,一般在实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词后,形容词、副词比较的表达方式,一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(规则变化),一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(不规则变化),*形容词最高级前面必须加the副词最高级前面可以不加the,二.形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型,比较级+than:HeistallerthanI.Thisoneismoredifficultthanthatone.,2.as+原级+as:Heisastallashisbrother.Ihaveasmanybooksasyouhave.,3.不如notas/so+原级+as:less+形容词/副词+thanThisdressisnotso/asexpensiveasthatone.Thisdressislessexpensivethanthatone.Todayisnotsocoldasyesterday.Hedoesntearnasmuchmoneyashissisterdoes.=Heearnslessmoneythanhissisterdoes.,5.“越来越”比较级+and+比较级：Winteriscoming.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Thetreesgrowtallerandtalleryearbyyear.,6.“越，就越”the+比较级，the+比较级：Theharderyouworkatit,thebetteryoulldoinit.Themoreyoutalk,thelesspatienthegets.,7.the+比较级(+ofthetwo)指“两者中较样的一个”Iwanttotalkwiththetallerofthetwins.Ofthetwobooks,Iwilltakethethinner.,二.形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型,4.the+最高级+of/in+比较范围：Heisthetallestoftheboysinhisclass.Ourcountryhasthelargestpopulationintheworld.,1)倍数as+原级+asThisroomistwiceasbigasthatoneTheyproducedthreetimesasmanyTVsetsastheydidlastyear.2)倍数+比较级+thanTheironboxisthreetimesheavierthanthewoodenoneTheyproducedtwicemoregrainthanwedid.,三.形容词、副词倍数的表达法,四.形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点,much;even;rather;alittle;abit;alot;far/byfar;any等词可用来修饰比较级Thisbookismuch/alittle/farbetterthanthatone.Areyoufeelinganybetter?No,evenworse.Therearenowalotmoretreesonthehillaroundthevillage.2.名词词组如fiveyears,tenmetres可用来修饰比较级Iamfiveyearsolderthanyou.HeisaheadtallerthanI.Thisbridgeistwohundredmetreslongerthanthatone.,四.形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点*,3.区别两种句型：not+比较级+than(不如.)否定前者，即前者不如后者no+比较级+than(和一样都不)否定两者试比较：HeisnottallerthanI.TomisnotallerthanJack.Iamnoricherthanyou.,（他不比我高）,我并不比你有钱。(=Iamaspoorasyou.),(=TomisasshortasJack.),*nomorethan=onlyHehasnomorethanfivedollarsinhispocket.,需要注意的一些形容词和副词用法,ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别,-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到”-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人”或“令人的(事物)”这样的形容词有：interested/interesting;excited/exciting;frightened/frightening;surprised/surprising;pleased/pleasing;disappointed/disappointing等。,例:Tomsoundsverymuch_inthejob,butImnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.(2006安徽)interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyD.interestedly,另外，glad,happy,sorry,angry,thankful,proud等的主语也只能是人；而pleasant,easy,difficult,important等则通常以事物或it作主语，因为它们说明事物例:Imvery_withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.Mn,itdoeshavea_smell.(北京)A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant,复合形容词的构成,1）形容词+名词+edkind-hearted好心的，white-haired白发的2)形容词+形容词red-hot炽热的，dark-blue深蓝的3）形容词+现在分词good-looking好看的，easy-going随和的4）副词+现在分词hard-working勤劳的，fast-moving快速转动的5）副词+过去分词hard-won得来不易的，newly-made新建的6）名词+形容词life-long终生的，world-famous世界闻名的7）名词+现在分词fun-loving爱开玩笑的，peace-loving爱好和平的，8）名词+过去分词hand-made手工的，snow-covered白雪覆盖的，9）数词+名词+edfour-storeyed4层楼的，three-legged3条腿的10）数词+名词（名词用单数）ten-year10年的,two-man两人的,例:Mybrotherisreally_.Heoftenworksinhisofficefarintothenight.(2008天津）A.open-mindedB.hard-workingC.self-confidentD.warm-hearted,其它含比较级的短语和句式,比较级+and+比较级；nomorethan和一样不；morethan与其说倒不如；morethan多于，不只是，非常；lessthan少于；moreorless几乎，差不多，大约，或多或少；soonerorlater(迟早，早晚，总有一天)；whatsmore(而且，此外)；nosoonerthan(一就)。,2019/12/15,25,可编辑,形容词常用句型,1.“Its+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。例：Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.(=Youareverykindtohelpme.)Itsveryrudeofhertosaysuchwords.(=Sheisveryrudetosaysuchwords.)Itsfoolishofhimtogoalone.(=Heisfoolishtogoalone.),2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。,形容词常用句型,enough的用法(位置)Its_today.今天够热的。Hestudied_topasstheexam.他学习很努力，通过了考试。Hashegot_?他有足够的钱吗?,修饰形容词、副词，放在其修饰词后修饰名词，放在其修饰词前。,hotenough,hardenough,enoughmoney,以-ly结尾的词性辨析:大部分的副词都是形容词+ly构成,但少数以-ly结尾的词是形容词:,lively,lonely,lovely,deadly(致命的),friendly,ugly,silly,likely,alive/live/lively/living-adj.alive表语，后置定语“活的”living表语、定语“活的”lively“活跃的、充满生机的”livelaiv1)“活的=living”2)“实况转播的”,ill/sickill:有病的-只作表语;恶意的,坏的作定语present(后置定语)出席的,在场的thestudentspresent(前置定语)目前的,现在的thepresentsituation,hard/hardly努力/几乎不late/lately迟到/最近alone/lonely单独/孤独already/still/yet已经/仍然,还also/either/too也quite/quiet相当/安静,其它：high/highly高/greatlywide/widely宽/广泛地deep/deeply深/深深地bad/badly坏/坏，非常,so/suchso+adj./adv.Thebookissointeresting.Heransoquicklythatnoonecouldcatchhim.such+adj.+n.Heissuchaniceboythatweallwanttobehisfriends.*so+many/much/little/fewThereweresomanybooksherethatIcouldntdecidewhichtochoose.*so+adj.+a+n.Itissolovelyadaythateveryonewantstogooutforanouting.,nolonger/nomore不再nolonger(指时间上不再延续)=notanylongernomore(指动作的次数不再反复)=notanymoreHe_workshere.Iseehim_.=I_seehim_.,nolonger,nomore,dontanymore,close/closed;openclosev.关闭adj.靠近的，亲密的closedadj.关闭的open:v.打开adj.打开的Thedoorisopen.Thedoorisclosed.Keepthedoor_（关）andthewindow_（开）.,closed,open,形容词排序,Itisa_brooch.(oval,gold,beautiful,small）,beautifulsmallovalgold,Exercises,形容词、副词的基本句型练习:,Dontgooutwhen_(天太晚).他太小走不动了。_anyfurther.3.他早起为了赶上头班车.Hegotup_tocatchthefirstbus.4.他太生气以至于说不出话来。Hewassoangry_.Hewas_tosayaword.5.Jackis_(和你一样高).6.Ihavegot_(和你一样多的书).7.Heruns_(和你一样快).8.Thisnewbuildingis_(是那座旧楼的四倍高)9.Asianis_(比欧洲大四倍),itistoolate,Hewastooyoungtogo,earlyenough,thathecouldntsayaword,tooangry,astallasyou,asmanybooksasyou,asfast/quicklyasyou,fourtimesashighasthatoldone,fourtimeslargerthanEurope,形容词、副词的基本句型练习:,10.Johnis_ashisbrother(不如强壮).Johnis_thanhisbrother.11.I_asyou.(不如有钱).I_thanyou.12.Mybrotheris_(比我小2岁).13.Thisboxis_(比那个重好多).14.Lesson3is_(比第2课难多了).15.Maryis_(双胞胎中高的那个).16.Ourlifeisbecoming_(越来越好).17.Hishealthisgetting_(越来越糟).18.Hisvoiceisbecoming_(越来越弱).19.Yourdaughterisbecoming_(越来越漂亮).,notsostrong,lessstrong,donthaveas/somuchmoney,havelessmoney,twoyearsyoungerthanI,much/alot/evenheavierthanthatone,much/alot/even/farmoredifficultthanLesson2,thetallerofthetwins,betterandbetter,worseandworse,weakerandweaker,moreandmorebeautiful,形容词,副词的基本句型练习(the比较级.,the比较级),你工作越努力,你就会得到越好结果。你英语听得越多,英语就会越容易。你越爬得高,就看得越远。你越吃得多,就会越胖。你开车越快,对你就越危险,Theharderyouwork,thebetterresultyouwillget.,ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,theeasieritbecomes.,Thehigheryouclimb,thefartheryouwillsee.,Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.,Thefasteryoudrive,themoredangerousitisforyou.,最高级句型练习:,TheYangzhiRiveris_.(中国最长的河)2.TheYangzhiRiverisalso_(世界上最长的河之一).3.这是我一生中看过的最棒的球赛.Thisis_that_inmylife.4._(这三本字典中),mineisthethickest.5.Heis_(三人中最高的).6.Shedances_(我班里跳舞最漂亮的).7.TuesdayandWednesdayare_(我最忙的天),thelongestriverinChina,oneofthelongestrivers,inChina,themostwonderfulfootballgame,Ihaveeverseen,Ofthethreedictionaries,thetallestofthethree,(the)mostbeautifullyinmyclass,mybusiestdays,any在比较级句中,Sheis_(比任何其他人细心)inourclass.Johnhas_(比其他人更多的邮票)inourclass.Susansings_(比任何其他女孩唱得好)inourclass.Canadais_(比任何一个南美洲的国家要大),morecarefulthananyoneelse,morestampsthantheothers,=theotherstudents,betterthananyothergirl,largerthananycountryinSouthAmerica,Themoonwas_inthesky.lowB.lowlyHebowed_beforetheQueen.lowB.lowlyWhat_weatherwerehaving!badB.badlyWe_needrainnow.badB.badly,bad坏的a.badly迫切地adv.low低a.adv.lowly低adv.,形容词与副词的区别使用:,sad-sadlyHelooked_thatday.Helooked_atuswhenhegotthe_news.,soft-softlyThiskindofclothfeels_.Hespoke_tohischild,thatis,spoketothechildina_voice.,形容词与副词的区别使用:,careful-carefullyHeissucha_manthathedoeseverythingvery_.,perfect-perfectlyTheshopownersaidthatthedesignwas_andthecolorfittedme_.,形容词与副词的区别使用:,calm-calmlyHelooked_andlooked_atthepoliceman.,silent-silentlyHekept_atthemeeting,sitting_inthecornerallthetime.,1.Thehigh-jumpercanreallyjumpvery_.A.highB.highly2.Theyallspeak_ofhim.A.highB.highly3.Heusuallyworks_intothenight.A.deepB.deeply4.Weare_movedbywhathesaid.A.deepB.deeply,副词:表原意无-ly,表引申意义有-ly,high高a.adv.highly高度地adv.deep深a.adv.deeply深入地adv.,5.Dontsit_.A.closeB.closely6.Watch_.A.closeB.closely7.Hearrived_.A.lateB.lately8.Ihav