2019高考英语 基础保分篇 第二讲 代词课件 新人教版

第二讲代词第一课时知识过关课,李仕才,1表“两者”和“多者”的代词,(1)表示否定可说not.either/any，但没有either/any.not的说法。(2)none既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不，一个也不”，常用于回答howmuch和howmany开头的问句；还可与介词of连用。noone只能指人(nobody)，不能接of短语，常用于回答who开头的问句。(3)both/all/every等与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并非都/每一”。,2表“另外的，别的”的代词,(1)单独的other只能作定语。(2)搭配：some.others.有些另外一些；one.theother.一个(特指两者中的)另一个；one.another.stillanother.一个另一个还有一个(列举，非特指)；foronething.foranother.一则，再则(列出理由)。,(3)特殊：another用于“another基数词(few)复数名词”中，与“基数词(some)other/more复数名词”相当。,3区分几个替代词,(1)it和that都替代“the单数名词”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词；但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。(2)one替代“a单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。(3)theone是one的特指，替代“the单数可数名词”，相当于that；其复数形式those，替代“the复数名词”，在口语中也可用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。,读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分的代词，体会其意义和在句中作何种成分。We1studentsshouldgetonwellwitheach_other2.Butinfact,somethingunpleasantcanhappenfromtimetotime.Forexample,yesterdayafternoon，it3wasfine.All4ofuswentouttotheplayground.Somewereplayinggamesandothers5wereplayingfootballwhentwoboysofusquarreledandthenfought.Everyone6ofuswasconfusedbecausetheywereeververygoodfriendsandnobody7couldexactlytellwhat8theyfoughtfor.,Neither9ofthemwantedtogiveintotheother10.Ithoughtit11wrongofthemtodoso.SoItriedtotellthem12thatweshouldputourselves13inothersshoes,butboth14ofthemweretooangrytocalmdown.It15wasnotuntilourheadteachercamethattheyparted.Inmyopinion,it16isnecessaryforustocalmdownandsolveproblemsthatwemeet.Onlythose17whocaneasilyforgiveandforgetwillgetamorecomfortablelife.,1we是人称代词主格，在本句中作主语。2eachother与oneanother两个是相互代词，在句中只能作及物动词或介词的宾语。本句中的eachother作介词with的宾语。3it指天气。4all不定代词，在本句中作主语。5some.others.是固定句式，表示“一些人另一些人”。6everyone不定代词，在本句中作主语，注意，everyone常接of短语，但everyone(everybody)不与of短语连用。,7nobody(noone)表示“没有一个人”，在本句中作主语。若与of短语连用，则要用none，如Noneofthemhas/havebeenthere.他们中没有一个人去过那里。8what疑问代词，意为“什么”，在宾语从句中作foughtfor的宾语。9neither指两者中的“没有一个”，在本句中作主语。10theother特指两者中的“另外一个”，在本句中作介词to的宾语。11it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。12them是人称代词的宾格，在句中作宾语。,13ourselves是反身代词，在本句中作put的宾语。反身代词在句中一般作宾语，也可作主语或宾语的同位语。14both表示“两者都”，在本句中作主语。15it用于构成强调结构，itwasnotuntil.that.意为“直到才”。16it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。17those表示“那些人”，相当于thosepeople。,.单句填空(请在空格处填入1个适当的代词)1Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilarto_describedinthismagazine.2Thetrafficonthemainstreetshasalongergreensignalthan_onthesmallones.3IvelivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdontlike_ofthemverymuch.4Itsaneitherorsituationwecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecantdo_,those,that,either,both,5_canbegoodatsomethingfor40yearsifhedoesntloveit.6Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork._willbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.7Ifyourebuyingtodayspaperfromthestand，couldyouget_forme?8LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhavesomeworktodo.9Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose_basedonyourowninterest.10Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered_,Nobody,Nothing,one,neither,one,another,11Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_difficulttotellonefromtheother.12Wefeel_ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.13Ismiledabigsmileand_workedalittle,really.14Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax_15Atthatmomentanattractiveyounglady,whonoticedmybook,cametotomeandintroduced_,it,it,it,myself,herself,.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglytotakeaholiday,buthedidnthelp._2ThechairmanthoughtthatnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting._3Thebookisofgreatvalue.Everythingcanbeenjoyedunlessyoudigestit._4Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewontlearntodependonus._,heit,thatit,EverythingNothing,第二个usourselves,5Thosewhosmokeheavilyshouldremindthemofhealth,thebadsmellandthefeelingsofotherpeople._6ThefilmthatIsawityesterdayisinteresting._7WithMr.SmithtoteachourEnglish,ourspokenEnglishwillbeimproved._8Ithinkthedogownersshouldbeawarethathisdogshavecauseddamagetotheenvironment._9Onhearingthis,theyoungmansfaceturnedredandsheimmediatelythrewthecigaretteintothedustbininthebus._,themthemselves,去掉it,ourus,histheir,shehe,10Myteachersoftenencouragewetotakeafterclassactivities._11Amancameinandaskedwhowasthemonitorofourclass.Itoldhimthatmyselfwasmonitor._12WecanpracticeusingEnglishidiomsinyourdiarywriting._,weus,在myself前加I,yourour,.语篇填空(在空格处填入1个适当的单词)Anoldmanandhissonweretakingadonkeytothemarket.Themanrodethedonkeyandthesonwalkedbehind1._.Amansawthemandaskedthesonwhy2._wasntridingthedonkey.Thenthefatherlet3._rideit.4._mansawthemandtold5._thattheyshould6._ridethedonkey.So7._bothgotonit.Awomanwhosawthemsaid，“Tell8._，whyareyoubothridingthatpooranimal？9._lookssoweakandtired.10._aresocruel！”Then,thefatherandsongotoffthedonkeyandstartedcarryingitacrossabridge.Whentheywerehalfwayacrossthebridge,thedonkeystruggledlooseandfellintotheriver.,【语篇导读】这是一则寓言故事，讲述的是没有主见的父子二人骑驴去赶集的故事。1it指代前面的thedonkey。2he指代前面的theson，在宾语从句中作主语，用主格。3him指hisson，作let的宾语，用宾格。4Another泛指“另一个”人。5them指代thefather和hisson，作told的宾语。,6both作主语they的同位语，指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。7they指代thefather和hisson，作主语。8me与后面的you(你)相对，应是me(我)。9It指前面的thatpooranimal。10You由前面的youboth可知。,第二课时高考研究课,代词在语法填空中的考查点,规律方法,1人称代词,位置决定形式：主语处主格；宾语处宾格；名词前形容词性物主代词,2不定代词,位置：主语或宾语处；推敲语境，搞清被指代名词的特点；搜索词汇，从常见的不定代词中找出适合语境的最佳答案。,1However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25，000peoplewereusing_everyday.(2015全国卷)2Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt_(I)，”saysPahlsson.(2017浙江卷)3Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_(it)mother.(2017浙江卷),真题验证1,it用it指代前句中的railway。,myself根据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。,its名词前应该使用形容词性物主代词。,4.Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom_intheUK.(2017浙江卷)5.Nowitoccurredto_thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.(2015广东卷)6Afewhoursbefore,IdbeenathomeinHongKong,with_(it)chokingsmog.(2015全国卷),that不定代词代指前面theeducationsystem，同名异物，且为特指。,him介词后使用宾格。,its名词前应该使用形容词性物主代词。,7.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but_containedanyusefulsuggestions.(2015福建卷改编)8Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,but_isusefultomyknowledge.(2015四川卷改编),neither由语境可知此处表示两者(tworeports)全部否定，故使用不定代词neither。,none由语境可知此处表示三者或以上(fullofideas)全部否定，故使用不定代词none。,代词在短文改错中的考查点,规律方法,1MrandMrsZhangallworkinourschool.(2017全国卷)_2Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.(2017全国卷)_,真题验证2,第一句allboth或去掉all因为此处指张先生和张太太两个人。both指两者都，all指三者或三者以上都。,yourmy作者以第一人称叙述了这张照片的故事，按照逻辑关系应是“这张照片经常让我想到我高中阶段的许多记忆”，故应该使用代词my。,3Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.(2016全国卷)_4Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.(2016四川卷)_,yourour代词指代不一致。,herhis代词指代不一致。,5Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.(2015浙江卷)_6Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.(2015陕西卷)_,themit由语境可知是“很多树围绕在一个公园周围”。,anythingsomething在肯定句中常常使用something。,第三课时写作增分课,代词在写作中的增分点一、使用好代词，写出正确优美句子1在我看来，我们学生应当遵守学校制度，做学校让我们做的事情。(obeytheregulations,whatever)_2在冬季，北京的天气比广州的天气冷得多。(theweatherofBeijing)_,Inmyopinion,westudentsshouldobeytheregulationsofourschool,anddowhateverourschoolasksustodo.,Inwinter,theweatherofBeijingismuchcolderthanthatofGuangzhou.,3张老师是一位非常受人尊重的老师，一位我们终生都不会忘记的老师。(amostrespected,one,fortherestofourlives)_4每个人都应关心环境。我们中的每一个人都应当为保护环境做出贡献。(everyone,careabout,theenvironment,everyone,makeacontributionto)_,Mr.Zhangisamostrespectedteacher,onewellneverforgetfortherestofourlives.,Everyoneshouldcareabouttheenvironmentandeveryoneofusshouldmakeacontributiontoprotectingit.,5一些人赞成这个主意。不过，另外一些人强烈反对。(some,infavorof,however,stronglyagainst)_,Someareinfavoroftheidea;however,othersarestronglyagainstit.,二、使用it句型，写出高颜值的增分句子1.遵守规则是每个人的责任。(Itiseveryonesresponsibilityto.)_2.知道自己的局限性