文学考试复习提纲.doc

美国文学期末复习提纲1、 考试题型1. 作家作品名称匹配2. 名词解释3. 根据作品内容写出作家、作品及作品简短评价4. 诗歌赏析（两首诗歌，选择一首进行作答）2、 作家与作品总结1） .需要记住作家和作品名字，并能准确书写出来的十六位作家，同时要求记得这些作品的评价，一两句话即可。Washington Irving Rip Van WinkleHenry David Thoreau WaldenNathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet LetterWalt Whitman Song of MyselfEmily Dickinson Im Nobody! Who Are You?、Success Is Counted Sweetest、 This Is My Letter to The World、 Because I Could Not Stop for Death (她的诗歌标题一般是诗歌的第一句话)Mark Twain Adventures of Huckleberry FinnOHenry The Cop and the AnthemRobert Frost Nothing Gold Can Stay、The Road Not Taken、 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening、Mending WallSherwood Anderson The Triumph of the EggKatherine Anne Porter The Jilting of Granny WeatherallEzra Pound In a Station of the Metro、A PactLangston Hughes Cross、DreamErnest Hemingway Indian CampArthur Miller The Death of a SalesmanAllen Ginsberg Howl 2） .下列作家只需要记得作品和作者能够配对即可，不需要知道具体书写。Anne Boardstreet To My Dear and Loving HusbandEdward Taylor HuswiferyBenjamin Franklin The AutobiographyPatrick Henry Speech in Virginia ConventionThomas Jefferson Declaration of IndependenceEdgar Allen Poe To Helen、Annabel LeeRalph Waldo Emerson NatureHerman Melville Moby-DickAbraham Lincoln Lincolns Gettysburg AddressHenry Wadsworth Langfellow A Psalm of LifeHenry James The Portrait of a LadyTheodore Dreiser Sister CarrieWilla Cather Neighbor RosickyWilliam Carols Williams The Red Wheelbarrow、Spring and AllE.E.Cummings Your Little VoiceF.Scott.Fitzgerald The Great GatsbyWilliam Faulkner A Rose for EmilyEugene ONeil Long Days Journey into NightSaul Bellow Seize the DayElizabeth Bishop The FishRobert Lowell Skunk HourTheodore Roethke My Papas WaltzSylvia Plath MirrorRobert Hayden Those Winter Sunday 3、 名词解释1. American Romanticism: Romanticism is a movement that marked a partial reaction in literature, philosophy, art, religion, and politics from the Neoclassicism of the preceding period.2. Transcendentalism: It is neither logical nor systematized. It exalts feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. Transcendentalists believe in the transcendence of the “Over-soul ”, an all-pervading power for goodness from which all things come and of which all things are a part.3. American Realism: Realism as a movement in American literature ranged from 1865 to 1914, and was a partial reaction to much of the earlier romantic and sentimental tradition. American Realism was grounded in the faithful reporting of all facets of everyday American life, free from subjective prejudice, idealism, or romantic color.4.International Theme: This theme is in novels of Henry James, and these novels are always set against a larger international background, usually between Europe and America, and centered on the confrontation of the two different cultures. The typical pattern of the conflict between the two cultures would be that of a young American man or woman who goes to Europe and affronts his or her destiny.5. American Naturalism: The two most important impacts were Darwins evolutionary theory and the French novelist Emily Zolas idea about fiction writing. Their ideas like “the survival of the fittest” and “the human beast” became catchwords and standards of moral reference in an amoral world.6. American Modernism: It was inspired by the European avant-garde art, and was a trend of thought that affirmed the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology and practical experimentation, and was thus in its essence both progressive and optimistic. Modernist literature in America dealt with such topics as racial relationships, gender roles and sexuality, to name just few. It reached its peak in America from the 1920s up to the 1940s.7. Local Color: This particular concern about the local character of a region came about as Regionalism, a unique variation of American literary realism. Writers of this group captured the local color of a region through the accurate description of the characters activities and realistic use of dialect.8.Puritanism: Puritans purified their religions beliefs and practices, and believed that God decides everything and they are Gods chosen people. Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan spirit that dominated much of the earliest American writing.(或者是文学书p267的标准答案)9.The Lost Generation: The Lost Generation was applied to the disillusioned intellectuals and aesthetes of the years following World War 1, who rebelled against former ideals and values, but could replace them only by despair or a cynical hedonism. The remark of Gertrude Stein, “you are all a lost generation”, addressed to Hemingway, was used as a preface to the latters novel, The Sun Also Rise, which brilliantly describes an expatriate group typical of the “lost generation.”4、 诗歌鉴赏本题所选择的诗歌范围为以下几首 Walt Whitman Song of MyselfEmily Dickinson Im Nobody! Who Are You? Success Is Counted Sweetest This Is My Letter