领导力介绍(英文课件).ppt

LEADERSHIPandORGANISATIONS(6BUS1001),IntroductiontoLeadership(EarlyViews)PREAMBLELeadershipvs.ManagementEarlyviewsofLeadershipTraitsManagersarepeoplewhodothingsright”BennisW.andNanusB.(1985)Leaders:StrategiesforTakingCharge(ItsabouttheWHATvstheHOW),LeadershipandOrganisations,Leadershipvs.Management,Thus:Leadershipisconcernedmorewithcommunicating,motivating,encouragingandinvolvingpeople.Itisarelationshipthroughwhichonepersoninfluencesthebehaviouroractionsofotherpeople,.providingvision,inspirationandstrategy.whilstManagementcouldbeseenasplanning,organising,directingandcontrolling.(HenriFayolinMullins,2010p429)Managementismoreaboutgettingthingsdoneonaday-to-daybasisandensuringconsistency”,LeadershipandOrganisations,Leadershipvs.Management,.However,managersmusthaveleadershipqualitiesiftheyaretobeeffective.Managementismoreaboutgettingthingsdoneonaday-to-daybasisandensuringconsistency”,LeadershipandOrganisations,Leadershipvs.Management,Pointtoponder.ManagementismoreaboutgettingAneffectiveleaderdoesnotneedtobeamanagerbutamanagermusthaveleadershipqualitiesinordertobeeffective!ybasisandensuringconsistency”,LeadershipandOrganisations,DefiningLeadershipEarlyViews,1.TheQualitiesorTraitsApproachLeadershipwasconceptualisedasasingle“GreatMan”whoputeverythingtogetherandinfluencedotherstofollow.Daft,RichardL.(2008)TheLeadershipExperience.AccordingtoCarlyle,effectiveleadersarethosegiftedwithdivineinspirationandtherightcharacteristics.Thehistoryoftheworldisbutthebiographyofgreatmen.Carlyle,Thomas(1888)OnHeroes,Hero-WorshipandtheHeroicHistoryThefocuswasonthepersonandtheassumptionwasthatsuchpeoplewerebornandnotmade.“Leadershipcannotbecreatedorpromoted.Itcannotbetaughtorlearned”DruckerP.F.(1989)ThePracticeofManagementLeaderswereidentifiedashavingcertaininheritedqualitiesortraitssuchasSelf-confidence;Initiative;Intelligence;Self-belief.,LeadershipandOrganisations,DefiningLeadershipEarlyViews,2.TheFunctional(orGroup)ApproachThisapproachfocusesnotontheleader(i.e.theperson)butonwhattheleaderactuallydoes-thefunctionsorthecontentofleadership.howtheleadersbehaviouraffects,orisaffectedby,thefollowers(thegroup)ThebeliefisthatleadershipskillscanbelearnedanddevelopedThisapproachisgenerallyassociatedwiththeworkofJohnAdairandhis“Action-centredLeadership”.,LeadershipandOrganisations,Source:Adair,J.,Action-CentredLeadership,GowerPress(1979),p.10.ReproducedwithpermissionfromGowerPublishingLtd.,TheFunctionalApproach:Action-centredLeadership,LeadershipandOrganisations,Action-centredLeadership,TheLeadersTaskfunctionsAchievingtheobjectivesoftheworkgroupDefininggrouptasksPlanningtheworkAllocationofresourcesOrganisationofdutiesandresponsibilitiesControllingqualityandcheckingperformanceReviewingprogress,LeadershipandOrganisations,Action-centredLeadership,TheLeadersTeamfunctionsMaintainingmoraleandbuildingteamspiritThecohesivenessofthegroupasaworkingunitSettingstandardsandmaintainingdisciplineSystemsofcommunicationwithinthegroupTrainingthegroupAppointmentofsub-leaders,LeadershipandOrganisations,Action-centredLeadership,TheLeadersIndividualfunctionsMeetingtheneedsoftheindividualmembersofthegroupAttendingtopersonalproblemsGivingpraiseandstatusReconcilingconflictsbetweengroupneedsandneedsoftheindividualTrainingtheindividual,LeadershipandOrganisations,Action-centredLeadership,TheLeadersIndividualfunctionsMeetingtheneedsoftheindividualmembersofthegrou