中考任务型阅读解题指导.ppt

如何做好任务型阅读？,牛津英语中考任务型阅读讲解,阅读一篇文章,+,=,任务型阅读,填写10个词,2015年南京中考英语任务型阅读，要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表，每空只填一个单词。,中考试题解读：,1.图表(diagram),2.文段(passage),略读图表,记住阅读任务,审清文章结构,略读文段首尾句、段,带图表中任务细读,在文段中做标记定位,对比文段中标记处和图表中对应任务,MaymeClaytoncollectedbooks,magazines,andletterswrittenbyAfricanAmericans.Herson,AveryClayton,thoughthercollectionwasimportant.Unlikemostbooks,thesewererareandhardtofind.TheywerewrittenbywriterswhohelpedshapeAfricanAmericanculture.OnebookinthecollectionwaswrittenbyPhillisWheatley.Wheatleywasaslavewhowrotepoetry.ShewasthefirstAfricanAmericantopublish(出版)abook.Wheatleyherselfsigned(签名)thebookintheClaytonscollection.NooneelseownsacopysignedbyPhillisWheatley.Bythetimeshepassedawayatage83,MrsClaytonhadmorethan30,000booksbyoraboutblackpeople.Hercollectionalsoincludespapersaboutslaves,photographs,movies,sheetmusic,andpersonallettersbyblackleadersandartists.ItisoneofthebiggestpersonalcollectionsofAfricanAmericanhistoryandcultureintheUnitedStates.AveryClaytonsdreamwastocreateamuseumforhismotherstreasures.ScholarssaythatMrsClaytonscollectionisveryimportant.Withoutherwork,partofAfricanAmericanheritage(遗产)wouldhavebeenlost.“Wedidntknowthesethingsexisted,”saysSaraHodsonofCaliforniasHuntingtonLibrary.ThecollectionsnewhomeislikelytobeinCulverCity,California.PartofAveryClaytonsdreamistosharetheculturalricheshismothercollectedwithothers.Heespeciallywantskidstohaveachancetoseethecollection.“AtpresentAfricanAmericancultureisbeingexplainedbypopculture,”hesays.“Itsimportanttoofferamorecompletepicture.”,_,passedaway=died,_,_,_)_,_,_,_,_,+,collecting,died,easily,signed,includoing,importance,share,sons,measume,kids,信息查找题,解题技巧：,2.常用方法:带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。,1.解题关键:根据问题句子查找定位信息。,原词不变,Inthepast,mandidnthavetothinkabouttheprotectionofhisenvironment.Therewerenotmanypeopleonearth,andnaturalresources(资源)seemedtobeunlimited(无限的).Butthingsaredifferenttoday.Theworldhasbecometoocrowded,andwereusingupournaturalresourcestooquickly,andatthesametimeenvironmentaroundusisbecomingworseandworse.,crowded,environment,定位查找做标记,信息转换题,(1).词性转换,(2).句子结构转换,(5).另选其它词来释义,(3).同义词和反义词转换,(4).前缀和后缀转换,1.解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。,2.,常见的转换方式,对比反义词转换,Advantages,Ane-bookisabookyoucanreadontheInternet.Peopleoftenreadthemintheirsparetime,thepopularity(普及)ofthee-booksisgrowing.,online,popular,划线定位对比另选其它词释义转换,词性变化转换,ontheInternet,=online,popularity(名),popular(形),同义转换,词形转换,YuanLongping,“Father”ofhybridrice,hasachildhooddream.Hewishedtogrowanewtypeofrice.Sincethe1960s,hehasdevotedhimselftothedevelopmentofnewvarieties(品种).Heworkedsohardthathesucceededinthedevelopmentofhybridricein1973.,划线定位对比,句子结构转换,developing,hardworking,概括性,针对性,醒目性,信息归纳题,归纳词的特征,（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息),（量体裁衣，大小适度),（简洁）,1.解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。,2.,Results,attractions,Placesof_inBeijing,thecapital,interest,Famous_inBeijing,thecapital,spots,Aim/Purpose,_:AtriptoBeijing,Title,Conclusion,reason(s)cause(s),resulteffect,conclusion,advantagesdisadvantages,way(s)solution(s),常见概括性词,原因,方法,优劣,结论,观点,Idea(s)opinion(s)thoughts,结果,目的,aimpurpose,建议,advicesuggestion(s),话题,topicsubject/title,文章中cut在insteadof后面，所以用cutting，而图表中的任务在Dont之后，所以用,Dont56_tothefrontoftheline.,WhenwaitinginalineWaitpatientlyinsteadofcuttingtothefrontoftheline.,动词原形cut,词性转换,cut,真题解析,文章中句子是whenyoureturn，返回用的是return,而图表中的任务是句子afteryouare_,只能用同义词组beback,所以答案为,Thankthoseforholdingyourspotafteryouare57_,Askthemtokindlyholdyourspot,andthankthemwhenyoureturn.,back,同义词转换,真题解析,back,真题解析,Dontuseyourcameraswhentheyare58_,butwhencamerasarenotwelcome,dontturnyourson.,unwelcome/forbidden,前缀和后缀转换,文章中句子是两个字notwelcome,而图表中的任务是一个空格,只能用前缀来转换,所以答案为,unwelcome,或同义词转换,或者forbidden(禁止),真题解析,Dontpushandscreamfor59_souvenirs.,Ifsouvenirsarehandedout,dontpushandscream.Bepoliteandwaityourturn.,free,另选其它词来释义,文章中“handout”是说纪念品被分发时，根据常识推理应该是免费分发的纪念品，所以答案为,free,真题解析,60._shows,Whenattendingshows.,Attending,查找小标题得知,审视文章结构的小标题Whenattendingshows，对照表格结构，此处应该首字母大写，答案为,Attending,原词,文章中句子是while引导的时间状语从句，是句子，而图表中横线后是aperformance,显然要转换一个介词，而且意思为在期间，所以答案为,Neveransweryourphone61_aperformance.,Neveransweryourphonewhileaperformanceisgoingon.,during,同义句转换,during,whileaperformanceisgoingon,=duringaperformance,文章中句子为主从复合句，图表中句子为一个简单句，并且根据两句句意翻译对比后转换，答案为,真题解析,Dontlaughattheperformers62_，,Dontlaughattheperformerswhentheymakemistakes.,mistakes,句子结构转换,mistakes,原词,真题解析,Enterduringthe63_,ifyouarelate.,Ifyouarelate,waituntilthebreaktoenter.,break,定位查找得知,在文章中定位查找得知，答案为,break,原词,真题解析,Clapyourhands64_,Afteranexcellentperformance,clapyourhandswarmly.,warmly,定位查找得知,在文章中定位查找得知，答案为,warmly,原词,把文章定位在visitorsfromothercountries，而图表中的任务是一个空格,只能用海外的来释义转换,所以答案为,Purpose:Toremindpeopletobehaveproperlybefore65_visitorsattheExpo.,Expo,pleasereadthefollowingtipssothatyoubehaveproperlyandshowoffChinasbestfacetovisitorsfromothercountries.,foreign,或者international/overseas,另选其它词来释意,foreign,讨论总结,1.图表(diagram),2.文段(passage),略读图表,记住阅读任务,审清文章结构,略读文段首尾句、段,带图表中任务细读,在文段中做标记定位,对比文段中标记处和图表中对应任务,常见题型,Findanswersdirectly,Changeforms,Sumup,1信息查找题(searching),2信息转换题（transition),3信息归纳题(summary),indirectly,信息查找题,解题技巧：,2.常用方法:带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。,1.解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息。,定位,做标记,信息转换题,(1).词性转换,(2).句子结构转换,(5).另选其它词来释义,(3).同义词和反义词转换,(4).前缀和后缀转换,1.解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。,2.,常见的转换方式,概括性,针对性,醒目性,信息归纳题,归纳