THEMANSIONASUBPRIMEPARABLE.ppt

,高级英语第3版第二册第十三课,制作人：吕爱晶,lesson13:themansion:asubprimeparable豪宅：一个关于次贷危机的故事,teachingobjectives,toacquaintstudentswiththehistoricalbackgroundofthetext.toenablestudentstoappreciatethestyleofmichelelewisswriting.toacquaintstudentswiththesubprimemortgagecrisis,parable（寓言）,referstoanexample;ausuallyshortfictitiousstorythatillustratesamoralattitudeorareligiousprinciple.inthisessay,theparablereferstotheauthorsownrealexperienceaboutrentingabigmansion.thistruestoryisusedasanexampletoillustratetheamericansdreamoflivinginlargerhousesthantheycanafford,which,accordingtotheauthor,wastherealcauseofthesubprimemortgagecrisisinthelate2000sintheunitedstates.,michaellewisabest-sellingauthor,lewishasbeenwidelypraisedbycritics,michaelmonroelewis(1960)isanamericannon-fictionauthorandfinancialjournalist.hisbestsellingbooksincludethebigshort:insidethedoomsdaymachine,liarspoker,thenewnewthing,moneyball:theartofwinninganunfairgame,theblindside:evolutionofagame,panic,homegame:anaccidentalguidetofatherhoodandboomerang.hehasbeenacontributingeditortovanityfairsince2009.danackmanofforbessaidthatlewishadaspecialtalent:hecanwalkintoanareaalreadyminedbyhundredsofwritersandfindgemsthereallalongbutsomehowmissedbyhispredecessors.,次级抵押贷款（subprimemortgageloan,即“次级按揭贷款”）,subprime:havingorbeinganinterestratethatishigherthanaprimerate（最优惠贷款利率）andisextendedespeciallytolow-incomeborrowers.次级抵押贷款是指一些贷款机构向信用程度较差和收入不高的借款人提供的贷款。在前几年美国住房市场高度繁荣时，次级抵押贷款市场迅速发展。但随着美国住房市场大幅降温，加上利率上升，很多次级抵押贷款市场的借款人无法按期偿还借款，导致一些放贷机构遭受严重损失甚至破产。美国次级抵押贷款危机引发了投资者对美国整个金融市场健康状况和经济增长前景的担忧，导致近来股市出现剧烈震荡。,subprimemortgagecrisis-diagram,housingmarket,causesofhousingbubble,excesshousinginventory,inabilitytorefinancemortgage,mortgagedelinquencyandforeclosure,negativeeffectsoneconomy,homebuildingdeclines,downwardpressureonconsumptionashouseholdwealthdeclines,housingpricedecline,housingbubblebursts,householdwealthdeclines,poorlendingandborrowingdecisions,financialmarket,downwardpressureonbusinessinvestment,riskofincreasingunemployment,stockmarketdeclinesfurtherreducehouseholdwealth,negativeeffectsoneconomy,liquiditycrunch（不足）forbusinesses,bankfailures,bankcapitallevelsdepleted,banklosses,lossonmortgagesretained,lossonmortgage-backedsecurities(mbs),highbankdebtlevels(leverage杠杆效率),washingtonmutual,wachovia,lehmanbrothers,hardertogetloans,higherinterestratesforloans,mortgagecashflowdeclines,housingbubblestartedtoballoonandwhenitburst.,excessiveuseofcreditanddebtleverage,easycreditencouragedweakerborrowerstoassumemortgages,fedloweredinterestratessharplysince2000,subprimemortgagecrisis,themeofthetext,thisstoryfocusesontherealcauseofthesubprimemortgagecrisisinamerica.contrarytogeneralviews,theauthorbelievesthecrisiswastriggeredbyadeepculturalpredisposition(倾向)thatleadstotheamericansfascinationwithbiggerandbiggerhouseswhichtendtolabelthebigpropertyownerssuccessful.therefore,insteadofplacingblameonwallstreetfirms,heconcludestheamericanpeoplethemselvesaretheculpritsbehindtheeconomiccrisis.,parti:paras1-20questions,whydidtheauthormovetoneworleans?saysomethingaboutthemansion?whatisthegeneralimpressionofthemansion?whatdoe“middleclass”implyaccordingtotheauthor?whatarethedifferencesbetweenmiddleclassandupper-class?howdothefamilyreactonthefirstdayofmoving?,paraphraseparti:para.1-22,(para.1)themovewoulduprootmywifeandthreechildrenfromcalifornianuproot:toremoveorforcefromhomeornativeland,todisplacefromacountryoratraditionalhabitat.迁离thewriterdescribesthemoveinanexaggeratedorhumorousway.apparentlyhisfamilyhadacomfortablehomeincalifornia,andsomovingintoanewenvironmentwouldcreateinconveniencetohisfamily,hencetheword“uproot”.theresultisaforestofforsalesignsandanarmyofworkersdistancesasaresult,lotsofhouseswereputupforsalebutveryfewpeoplewanttobuyhouses,andsoalargegroupofworkershadtotravellongdistancesbackandforthbetweenhomeandworkplace.forest:somethingresemblingaforest,especiallyinprofusionandlushness.army:agreatmultitude.commute:totravelbackandforthregularly.,(para.2)icalledherandthrewmyselfonhermercythrowoneselfatonesmercy:tobegsomeonetohelpyou;toputyourselfwhollyinthepowerofsomeone.humoroustone:ihadtorelyonhercompletelysinceihadnoinformationinthisrespect.shessuggestedittobradpittandangelinajolie.thefrenchquarter.theagenthadrecommendedthehousetothefamoushollywoodstarcouplebradpittandangelinajolie,buttheydidntbuyit.insteadtheyboughtalessconspicuouslygrandhouse.theimplicationisthateventhewealthyfilmstarshadboughtthehousewastooexpensive.modest:unpretentious;limitedinsize.,filmstars,(para.6)：uppermiddleclassisasneakydesignation,however.however,theuppermiddleclassisaslyname.sneaky:doingthingsinasecret,dishonest,unfairwaydesignation:(formal)anameortitle.well-offvs.richwell-off:havingmoremoneythanmanyotherpeople富裕的rich:havingalotofmoneyorvaluablepossessions有钱的,para7.amanstrugglingtoholdontotheillusionwideningsimile,comparingamanoftheuppermiddleclasstoacharacterinacartoonaboutanearthquake.amantryingdesperatelytoholdontothefalseideathatheisuppermiddleclass,namely,betweenmiddleclassandupperclass,isjustlikeacharacterinacartoonearthquake:fissure.,(para.1022)describestheirfirstdayofmovingintothehouse.thepresenttensemakesthenarrationmorevivid.thebeverlyhillbillies:（豪门新人类），anamericanpopularsitcommadein1993.hyundaisonata:现代索塔纳，acarmadebyhyundaimotorcompany(therepublicofkorea),whichmanufacturesandmarketsmid-sizedcarsglobally.thissentencepresentsaratherfunnyandincongruouspicture(agrandhousedidnotmatchwitharenteddirty,inexpensivecar)inahumorousway.,partiiparas23-29questions,1.whatwasthepredicamentofthegarcias?2.whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheamericanslust?3.what,accordingtotheauthor,isthecurrentbindoftheamericans?4.whydidtheauthorsaythatthemansionwantedthemout?whatwentwrong?,ratingsagencies:ratingagenciesassessthefinancialstrengthofcompaniesandgovernmentalentities,bothdomesticandforeign,particularlytheirabilitytomeettheinterestandprincipalpaymentsontheirbondsandotherdebt.评级机构predisposition:atendencytobehaveinaparticularwayorsufferfromaparticularillness.crack:anillegaldrugthatsomepeopletakeforpleasure强效可卡因addict:someonewhoisunabletostoptakingdrugs.grand:informal,athousandpoundsordollars.astretch:somethingnotwithintheireasyreach.,eviction:theactorprocessofforcingsomeonetoleaveahouseorlandlegally驱逐predicament:adifficultorunpleasantsituationinwhichyoudonotknowwhattodo,orinwhichyouhavetomakeadifficultchoice.困境default:tofailtopaymoneyyouoweattherighttime违约，拖欠,（para.28)someversionsofthisdramahasbecomeasocialnorm:pattern.asofthisspring,oneinelevenmortgageswaswithpastdueorinforeclosure.fromthisspring,oneinelevenmortgagerswasbehindpaymentdate,orthehouseonmortgagehadtobetakenawaybecausetheyhadfailedtopaybackthemoneytheyhadborrowedtobuythehouse.foreclosure:thelegalprocedureforsatisfyingclaimsagainstamortgagorindefaultwhohasnotredeemedthemortgage.取消抵押人赎回抵押品的权利facilitate:makesomethingeasiertodo.,partiiparas30-60questions,whatproblemsdotheauthorsfamilyhaveinthenewmansion?explainindetail.whatarechildrensreactionstothemansion?whatlessonsshouldthechildrenlearnaccordingtotheauthor?(para.42),(para.30)icouldhavefiteverystitchofclothingiowned,threetimesover.thereisenoughspaceformetoputinthreetimesthenumberofalltheclothesihad.(para.32)themansionrequiredanewapproachtohumancommunications.themansionrequiredanewwayofcommunicationbetweenpeople.thewriterisdescribinganordinaryaspectofdailylifeinaratherformalmannertoachieveahumorouseffect.atrekupthehimalayanstaircasesquicklybecameanalysis.beforeidecidedtoclimbthelongstaircasestolookforsomeone,ihadtothinkcarefullyifitwasthebestwayorworththeeffort.,(para.33)prusiononprivacy.itseemedthemorespacetherewasinthehouse,thelessprivacytheyenjoyed.(para.35)wheniletitsliptomymotherwhatidbepayingpancreaticcancer.letsth.slip:tosaysomethingwithoutmeaningto,whenyouhadwantedittobeasecret.ante:anamountofmoneypaidinadvancetoinsureanindividualsshareinajointbusinessventure.预付款项(para.38)wecouldforkover100grandonawhimforkover:(especiallyamericanenglish)togivemoneytosomeoneorsomething,tospendmoneyonsomethingwhim:asuddenfeelingthatyouwouldliketodoorhavesomething,exp.whenthereisnoimportantorgoodreason,(para.39).wearecubanpeasantsinlate1959whohavejustmovedrevolution.metaphor,comparingthemselvestopoorcubanpeasantsinlate1959whohavejustmovedintoahavanamansionverysoonaftertheirmasterhadrunblurtout:utterimpulsively(para.42)theresamomentinthelifeofeveryamericanchildwhenitdawnsonhimorherthatthedivvyingupofmaterialspoilsisneitherarbitrarynoramatterofpersonalchoicedawnupon:torealizeitforthefirsttime.divvyup:tosharesomethingbetweenseveralpeoplespoils:thingsthatsomeonegetsbybeingsuccessful.arbitrary:decidedorarrangedwithoutanyreasonorplan,oftenunfairly.theresamomentinthelifeofeveryamericanchildwhentheyrealizeitforthefirsttimethatthewaywealthissharedisnotrandom;peoplearenotrichorpoorwithnoreason.neithercanpeoplechoosetheleveloftheirwealth.moneyisatoolpeopleusetoputthemselvesinasocialhierarchy.,(para.43)anationoffinancialimposters,poisedimpostor:someonewhopretendstobesomeoneelseinordertotrickpeople.冒名顶替者weamericanstendtoassumefalseidentitiesforthepurposeofdeception(bybuyinghousesthatmakeusseemricherthanweare)para.45.instead,iturnmyattentiontosurvival.insteadofeducatingmychildren,iturnmyattentiontofigureouthowtocontinuetoliveinthemansion.theimplicationistheproblemsaregettingsoseriousthattheythreatenourpresencethere.,partivparas61-62questions,whatdoesthelastquestionshowinpara.62?whatistheaftermathoflivinginthemansion?,(para.61)andsowefledbacktowherewedcomefrom:theuppermiddleclass.theword“fled”isusedfiguratively,meaningweweredefeatedandrunningawayfromdanger.byleavingthemansion,westoppedpretendingtobeupperclassbutreturnedtotheuppermi