跨文化交际导论 Chapter 1.ppt.ppt

,chapter1introductiontoicc,2012/8/18,1,douweilin:introductiontoicc,defineinterculturalcommunication.understandtheimportanceofinterculturalcommunication.brieflydescribethedevelopmentinthestudyofinterculturalcommunication.,learningobjectives,2012/8/18,2,douweilin:introductiontoicc,watchthevideoofellewoodsandfindsouthowshegetsadmittedintoharvardlawschool?andcomparethedifferentenrollmentcriteriaforchineseandamericanuniversities?,ellewoodsisadmittedbyharvardlawschoolmainlybecausesheisconsidereddiversebytheadmissioncommitteeandshehasshownherindividualityintheimaginativevideoessay.,1.fashionmajor（veryspecial)2.herlistofextracurricularactivitiesimpressiveexcellentcommunicatorinsorority(女生联合会）interestedinmusic(inarickymartinvideo)activeinthesororityscharityproject(philanthropist慈善家),isellewoodslikelytogetadmittedinaprestigiouschineseuniversity?whyandwhynot?whatdoeschineseeducationalsystememphasize?,china:exam-orientededucationalsystemvs.u.s.a.individualityandunconventionality,（突破常规),section21.definitionofinterculturalcommunication,2012/8/18,8,douweilin:introductiontoicc,warm-upquestions,whatis“interculturalcommunication”?howlongisthehistoryoficc?whydoweneedtostudyinterculturalcommunication?,2012/8/18,9,understandinginterculturalcommunication,aphenomenon(现象）longhistory跨文化交际adiscipline(学科）shortperiod跨文化交际学,2012/8/18,10,douweilin:introductiontoicc,threeimportantfeaturesoficc,universalphenomenonlonghistorydailyoccurrence,2012/8/18,11,douweilin:introductiontoicc,1.definitionofinterculturalcommunication,interculturalcommunication(iccisthetermfirstusedbyedwardt.hallin1959andissimplydefinedasinterpersonalcommunicationbetweenmembersofdifferentcultures.,2012/8/18,12,douweilin:introductiontoicc,fiveformsoficc(rich,1974),(1)interculturalcommunication(2)internationalcommunication(国际间传播)(3)interracialcommunication(种族间传播)(4)interethnicorminoritycommunication(不同民族间传播)(5)contraculturalcommunication(逆向传播),2012/8/18,13,douweilin:introductiontoicc,2.thedevelopmentoficstudy,2012/8/18,14,douweilin:introductiontoicc,2.1thehistoryoficstudiesinamerica,(1)theburgeoning(发芽,萌芽)period(2)from1960to1970:formeditsbasicframework(3)from1971to1980:developedfast(4)from1981tothepresenttime:madegreatachievementsintheoryandpractice,2012/8/18,15,douweilin:introductiontoicc,edwardt.hall,1959,(1)theburgeoning(发芽,萌芽)period,thesilentlanguage,2012/8/18,16,douweilin:introductiontoicc,(2)from1960to1970,thefirstictrainingstartedinthe1960swithpeacecorps(一个美国志愿者组织）members.thefirstcollegeclassinthisfieldwasin1966attheuniversityofpittsburgh.thenitdevelopedveryfast.,2012/8/18,17,douweilin:introductiontoicc,2.2thedevelopmentoficstudyinchina,19801990,19912000,2001-,thegerminating(发芽)period,theestablishingperiod.,theexpandingperiod,2012/8/18,18,douweilin:introductiontoicc,nationalconferencesonic,1st:harbin,19959th2011,2nd:beijing,1997,3rd:shenzhen,1999,4th:xian,2001,5th:xiangtan,2003,6th:nanjing,2005,7th:heilongjiang,2007,8th:beijing,2009,2012/8/18,19,douweilin:introductiontoicc,multidisciplinarynatureofic,2012/8/18,20,douweilin:introductiontoicc,thetoptenscholarsinicstudy,gudykunst,triandis,brislin,ruben,hall,hofstede,kim,hamner,furnham,andlandisareviewedasthetoptenscholarsinicstudy.outofthesetenscholars,fourareprofessorsofcommunication,fiveareinthefieldofpsychologyandoneisananthropologist.therefore,chinesescholarsneedtomakemorecontributiontoicstudiesinmoremultidisciplinaryapproaches.,2012/8/18,21,douweilin:introductiontoicc,whyisiccbecomingmoreimportantinthepastdecades?,peoplesglobalmobilityglobaleconomytechnologicaldevelopmentpeaceandconflict,2012/8/18,22,douweilin:introductiontoicc,4.challengesinstudyinginterculturalcommunication,2012/8/18,23,douweilin:introductiontoicc,thecomplexityoflearningic,manyproblemsinlearning,interculturalcommunication,multidisciplineinnature,2012/8/18,24,douweilin:introductiontoicc,4.1potentialproblemsinlearningic,avoidanceoftheunfamiliaruncertaintyreductionwithdrawalstereotyping,prejudiceracismethnocentrismcultureshock,2012/8/18,25,douweilin:introductiontoicc,watchthefilmclipofoutsourcedandfindoutwhatinterculturalproblemsthattoddandersonexperienced.somebackgroundinformation,toddandersonspendshisdaysmanagingacustomercallcenterforanamericancompanyinseattle,untilhisjobisoutsourcedtoindia.addinginsulttoinjury,heissenttoindiatotrainhisreplacement(替代者）.hesoonrealizesthathehasalottolearn.,backgroundinformation,refertothelistofpotentialproblemsiniccencountersandidentityhowmanyproblemstodmeetsanddiscusswhattheyare.groupdiscussion.,stereotypes,stereotypesareperceptionsaboutcertaingroupsofpeopleornationalities,oftenbaseduponlimitedknowledgeand/orexposure.,2012/8/18,29,douweilin:introductiontoicc,刻板印象“定型化效应”，也叫“刻板印象”。是指个人受社会影响而对某些人或事持稳定不变的看法。它既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。,积极的一面：不用探索信息，直接按照已形成的固定看法即可得出结论，这就简化了认知过程，节省了大量时间、精力。消极的一面表现为：在被给与有限材料的基础上做出带普遍性的结论，忽视个体差异，从而导致知觉上的错误，妨碍对他人做出正确的评价,giveanexampleaboutastereotypedviewtowardsacertaingroupofpeople.,ethnocentrism,ethnocentristsbelievethattheirowncultureisthecentralcultureandotherculturesareincorrect,defective,orquaint.,2012/8/18,32,douweilin:introductiontoicc,culturalshock,theanxietyandfeelings(surprise,distortion,confusion,etc.)peoplehaveinanentirelydifferentculturalorsocialenvironment.,2012/8/18,33,douweilin:introductiontoicc,isculturalshockapositiveornegativething?,cultureshock-inapositivesense,experiencingcultureshockhasastrongpotentialtomakepeoplemulticulturalorbicultural.youwillbecomeamuchstrongerpersonandaglobalcitizen.inanegativesense?,“u”curve:culturaladaptationinanotherculture：,1）honeymoonphase2)thecrisisphrase3)therecoveryphase4)adjustmentphase5)re-entryshock-goinghome“w”curve:whenreturningtohomecountry,fig.1-2“w-curve”figureofcultureshockbasedonoberg(1960)andgallahom&gallahorn(1963),2012/8/18,37,douweilin:introductiontoicc,5.re-entryphase/reversecultureshock/returncultureshockmanythingsmayhavechangedwhileyouwereawaysurprise,surprise!maytakeawhiletobecomeeasewithyourhomeculture.,海归回到中国，遇到哪些不适应？enjoythesongandfindoutthedifficultiesinadjustingthemselvestochina,afterstayinginforeigncountriestoolong.,t)我生在新中国，我长在红旗下(f)我带过红领巾，我爱国如爱家(t)十年寒窗苦，我好不容易进清华(f)我成绩不算差，(c)可我户口落不下(f)阴差又阳错，我出国象出家(t)为了养家糊口，我得赶紧办绿卡(f)出国护照难拿，回国却偏要visa(c)入了外国籍，但我做梦都说中国话(t)我的大中国，(f)我的大华夏(t)尽管我在外飘泊，(f)总是把你牵挂(t)我的大中国，(f)我的大华夏(c)风里雨里同度过，我只认你这个妈(f)我曾经爱闯荡，现在却很想家(t)爸爸已经去世，家里就剩妈妈(f)我很想做海归，怕你嫌我年纪大(t)可是你看那谁，他八十二能娶二十八(t)在国外住得越久，我心里就越放不下(f)好不容易请了假，我兴冲冲地飞回家(t)北京欢迎你(t)看着立交桥发傻，我迷失在高楼大厦,(f)江河流着黑水，天空下着黄沙(t)妈呀，这也算是晴天啊(t)老同学一见面，感觉亲如一家(f)哥们，喝酒！(f)可陌生人对我，有时冷眼有时骂(t)嘿