形容词副词的原级、比较级.ppt

TheComparativeSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives&Adverbs,Grammar,形容词和副词比较级和最高级,形容词是描述，修饰名词或代词，作定语或表语，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。eg.Heisagoodboy.Thatsoundsgood.副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，作状语，用来表示时间、场所、状态及程度。eg.Thebookisverygood.Hestudieshard.,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1、原级，即原形。2、比较级，表示“较”或“更一些”。两者比较时用比较级3、最高级，表示“最”的意思。三者或三者以上的比较用最高级,Heistall.他高。HeistallerthanI.他比我高。Heisthetallestinmyclass.他是我们班最高的。,规则变化：,一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成,不规则变化：,小贴士1.elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：myeldersister我的姐姐myeldestbrother我的大哥theireldestson他们的长子2.further表示“进一步的”；而farther表示距离：Myhomeisfartherthanyours.我家比你家远。Doyouneedanyfurtherhelp?你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？,thincalmshortheavyfunnyoutgoinghotseriousathleticsmartquietimportantpopularniceeasyexcitinglatefathappywetyoungtalllongrelaxing,Putthefollowingwordsinthefivegroups.,Exercise:,thinner,calmer,shorter,heavier,funnier,moreoutgoning,hotter,moreserious,moreathletic,smarter,quieter,moreimportant,morepopular,nicer,easier,moreexciting,later,fatter,happier,wetter,yonger,taller,longer,morerelaxing,写出下列单词的比较级和最高级,cleversafeheavydifficultearlynewthin,Canyousay?,cleverercleverest,safersafest,heavierheaviest,moredifficultmostdifficult,earlierearliest,newernewest,thinnerthinnest,变比较级和最高级smallnicebigearlyheavywetlatecoldfineredhappyearly,smaller,thesmallest,nicer,thenicest,bigger,thebiggest,earlier,theearliest,heavier,theheaviest,wetter,thewettest,later,thelatest,colder,thecoldest,finer,thefinest,redder,thereddest,happier,thehappiest,earlier,theearliest,变比较级和最高级happily-easily-friendly-quickly-carefully-heavily-luckily-,特殊:early-,interesting-important-popular-beautiful-delicious-,morehappily,-themosthappily,moreeasily,-themosteasily,morefriendly,-themostfriendly,morequickly,-themostquickly,morecarefully,-themostcarefully,moreheavily,-themostheavily,moreluckily,-themostluckily,earlier,-theearliest,moreinteresting,-themostinteresting,moreimportant,-themostimportant,morepopular,-themostpopular,morebeautiful,-themostbeautiful,moredelicious,-themostdelicious,特殊的比较级和最高级1,good/well-2,bad/badly/ill-3,many/much-4,little-5,far路程远-意义深远或进一步-6,old年龄大小-家庭成员长幼-,better,-thebest,worse,-theworst,more,-themost,less,-theleast,farther,-thefarthest,further,-thefurthest,older,-theoldest,elder,-theeldest,二、用法,1、原级,1、A与B在某一方面程度相同:as+原级+aseg.1)MyfriendKayisastallasI/me.我朋友Kay与我一样高。2)MyfriendKayrunsasquicklyasI/me.Kay与我跑得一样快。我和她一样外向。我学习和他一样认真。2、A在某一方面不及B:Anotas/so+原级+asB.eg.1)MyfriendKayisntas/sotallasI/me.2)MyfriendKaydoesntrunas/sofastasI/me.3)Imnot_she/her.A.ashardasB.asharderasC.ashardso4)Idontstudy_he/him.A.socarefulasB.socarefullyasC.morecarefullyas,Iamasoutgoingasher.Istudyascarefullyashim.,AB,Exercises,Joan与Kate一样漂亮。,Joanis_Kate.,as,beautiful,as,2、我与你学习一样努力。,Istudy_you.,as,hard,as,3、那条绿色的裙子不如那条红色的漂亮。,Thegreenskirt_theredone.,is,not,so/asnice,as,4.那些学生跳高不如我。,Thestudentsdidntjump_I.,as(so),high,as,5.他没吉姆那么早来到学校。,He_cometoschool_Jim.,doesnt,as/so,early,as,6、汤姆与她一样认真听老师讲课。,Tomlistenstotheteacher_she.,as,carefully,as,1）比较级通常由“形容词（副词）比较级+than”构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如：MaryishappierthanJane.玛丽比珍妮幸福。（系动词be后加形容词happy）HelivesmorehappilythanI/me.他过得比我幸福。（副词happily修饰实义动词live）2）注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：Herrulerisnewerthanmine.她的尺子比我的新。（主语是herruler，后面比较对象是myruler，避免重复，使用名词性物主代词mine）ShehasanewerrulerthanI/me.她比我有更新的尺子。（主语是She，比较对象是I）,2、比较级,3)比较级前可用much,even,far,still,alittle等词语来修饰，表示“得多”，“甚至”，“更”，“一些”等意思。如：JapanisalittlelargerthanGermany.日本比德国大点儿。用“.times+形容词的比较级+than.”句式表示倍数。如：Ourroomistwicelargerthantheirs.我们的房间比他们的大两倍。4)隐含比较级有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如：Areyoufeelingbetternow?你现在感觉好些了吗？Pleasebeearliernexttime.下次早点。,5)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”,多音节比较级用“moreandmore形容词原级”形式,6)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,越”,7)表示不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”(双音节和多音节词),Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier.,Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.,JimislesshealthythanTom.,TomishealthierthanJim.,Shanghaiisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.,你吃的越多就越胖。,_youeat,_youwillbe.,The,more,the,heavier,越干净越好。,_,_.,The,cleaner,the,better,3、书读的越多，懂的就越多。,_youread,_youknow.,The,more,the,more,Whichoneis_amongstudents,goingtoconcerts_goingtomovies?,4.去音乐会和看电影之间，哪一样在学生中更受欢迎？,more,popular,or,5.李明和汤姆谁更聪明？,Whois_,LiMing_Tom?,cleverer,or,4.足球越来越受欢迎了.Footballis_.,2.这个房间不如那个房间漂亮。Thisroomis_thanthatone.,lessbeautiful,3.你的房间比我的大三倍.Yourroomis_thanmine.,moreandmorepopular,Letstry.,1.你工作越努力，你的成绩就会越好._youwork,_resultyoullget.,Theharderthebetter,threetimesbigger,3._youare,_mistakesyouwillmake.(你越仔细，做错的题目就越少）4._youeat,_youllbe.(你吃得越多,就越胖)5.Alicewriteswell.Marywrites_thanshe.(甚至更好）,Themorecareful,thefewer,Themore,thefatter,1.Thegirlbecomes_.(越来越漂亮）,moreandmorebeautiful,2.Theweatherisgetting_.(越来越槽糕）,worseandworse,even/stillbetter,Exercises0ne,1.他今天好多了。,better,这个故事比那个故事还更有趣。,Thisstoryis_thanthatone.,even,more,interesting,3.今天天气热了一些。,a,little,Heis_today.,much,Its_hottertoday.,4.他跑得越来越快。Heran_.,faster,and,faster,5我们的生活变得越来越好。,Ourlifeisgetting_.,better,and,better,6那个公园变得越来越美丽。,Theparkisgetting_.,more,and,more,beautiful,7她越来越聪明了。Shebecomes_.,cleverer,and,cleverer,8.雨正越下越大。,Itsraining_.,more,and,more,heavily,他比约翰矮。,Heis_.,shorter,than,John,3.你舞跳得比她好。,ExercisesTwo,汉堡包比薯条更好吃。,Hamburgersare_Frenchfries.,more,delicious,than,Youdance_she/her.,better,than,4他开车比我小心,Hedrives_I/me.,more,carefully,than,Iam_thanhim(tall).Itismuch_(cold)today.Thecoatiseven_(beautiful)thanthatone.Hewritesalittle_(slowly)thanyou.Ourclassroomis_(bright)thanyours.Heiseven_(ill)today.Icanwalk_thanhe.(far)Englishismuch_(important)Themeatsmellssti