北师大版模块一必修.doc

To students and Learning to learn59 导学提纲 北师大版 必修1Expressions1. Welcome to2. senior high school3. English textbooks4. turn up5. with your new book in hand6. by doing7. get familiar with8. find out about9. at the beginning of10. be designed to do sth被设计用来做某事: 目的是11. develop useful ways in doing12. build up your confidence13. participate in14. practice with15. cooperate with16. step by step逐步地17. work hard on18. be afraid of doing19. take every opportunity to do20. make progress (in)21. enter into22. improve your reading speed23. expand your vocabulary24. increase comprehension25. get into the habit of26. tune in to收听，收看27. benefit from28. have a chance29. reflect on考虑，反思30. every once in a while间或，偶而，时常，常常31. fill in/fill out/complete a questionnaire32. attitudes towards33. the morethe more34. as long as35. get good marks (in)36. a Senior High 1 student (from)37. (on) CCTV Channel 438. be in a group with39. role models模范, 榜样，偶像Patterns1. How long have you been learning English?2. The more mistakes I make, the more I learn.3. As long as I get good marks in my tests, .4. I like watching the English news on CCTV Channel 4 every evening.UNIT 1 Lifestyles 1 A Perfect Day?Words & Expressions1. gist listening2. do training3. deal with4. a police officer5. once a week6. go fishing7. in ones spare time8. sports/music programmes9. spendonspend(in) doing10. TV seriessoap opera11. game shows游戏节目, 娱乐节目talk shows脱口秀, 谈话节目12. at/on weekendsat/on the weekendon weekdays13. a couch potato14. switch/turn onswitch over ( to)switch/turn off15. at the momentat the present timefor the moment/presentfor now/temporarilyin a momentvery soon16. in the evening(s)on the evening ofonevening17. do/take some exercisedo some sportsdo morning/eye exercises18. live/lead alifelive this lifestyledream adream19. watch TV20. listen to the radio21. a remote control22. a workaholic23. at desk/at the deskat table/at the table24. an alarm clock25. get changed26. take uptake downtake offtake on27. be filled with28. be full of29. urgent matters30. some personal e-mails31. for fun: for pleasure32. complain to sth about sth33. look at some documents34. bring back35. get bored36. matchwith37. besides adv. 此外,而且,加之 I dont really want to go. Besides, its too late now.38. go off1. to explode/fire The bomb went off at 6:30 this morning.2. to make a loud noise Our neighbors car alarm is always going off in the middle of the night.3. to stop working The central heating goes off at 9 oclock.4. to happen in a particular way The party went off well.5. (food) to go bad The milk has gone off.6. to stop liking sb/sth Ive gone off cooking lately7. to become worse in quality: That papers really gone off since they got that new editor.8. to sleep Hasnt the baby gone off yet?Patterns1. What kind of lifestyle do you think the people have?疑问词+do you think（插入语）+陈述句？What do you suppose has happened to him?When do you expect your sister will come?Who do you believe will win the match?Who do you suggest be sent to work there?What do you think our English teacher has done for us?2. How much time do you spend watching TV every day?3. Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.4. It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on s bus.5. Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.6. Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.7. When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next days work.8. In the afternoon, I often watch another old film-theyre showing some good ones at the moment.that, it, one的用法 one 可指人或物，具有“泛指”性质，替代可数名词；that 只指物，可替代可数或不可数名词，具有“特指”的性质。There were two boys there. They chose the strong one.那里有两个男孩，他们挑选了身体好的。The new designs are much better than the old ones.新的图案比旧的好多了。The study of idioms is as important as that of grammar.学习惯用法与学习语法同等重要。 one 和 that 在替代可数名词时， 如果没有前置定语，只有后置定语，两种可以互换， the one常用于口语，that 主要用于正式文体。 但该名词前有前置定语，则只能用 one. Ill take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我坐在窗口的那个座位旁边。 I prefer the large box to the small one.我喜欢这个大盒子胜过那个小的。that 的复数 those 代替可数名词的复数。those 可指人或物，一般后接修饰语。Todays computers are of much greater difference from those(=the ones)used in the past.今天的计算机和以前的大不相同。The clothes people wear today do not seem to last as long as those of my fathers day.当今人们所穿的衣服似乎不如我父亲那时的耐穿。（后有of短语，不可与the ones换用） one 和 it 都可以用来指代某种东西。one 是指不定的东西； it 指特定的东西。I have lost my umbrella, I think I must buy one again.我的伞丢失了， 我想我得再买一把来。My father bought a bike and gave it to me.我父亲买了一辆自行车，把它给我了。 it用来作形式主语，形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词，从句。也可指距离，天气，时间等。 “They were all going to return the same night.” “Well, they did intend it.”(代替不定式).“他们都准备在同一晚上返回。” “对，他们的确有这种打算。”I consider it important to ask him for advice.我认为征求他的建议很重要。We found it useless learning a theory without practice.我们认为学习理论而没有实践是没用的。May I take it that you will write me a letter?我可以相信你会给我写信吧？ Exercises: 1. I prefer a flat in Inverness to_ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms.A. one B. that C. it D. this 2. -Do you like_ here? -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.A. this B. these C. that D. it 3. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.?A. they B. it C. one D. which 4. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help?A. it B. she C. which D. he5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _ .A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is6. The Foreign Minister said, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 7. The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. him8. I like _in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one 9. I hate_ when people talk with their mouth full.A. it B. that C. these D. them 10. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet.A. one B. ones C. it D. them 11. Cars do cause us some health problems-in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do.A. one B. ones C. itD. those 12. Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day.?A. some B. any C. that D. those 13. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.A. ones B. one C. that D. those ADBAD DBCAA BCC9. I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off. 其中涉及到before的用法，下面就其用法进行总结。一、可以用作介词)指时间上早于，在之前She has lived here since before the war. 她从战前就一直在这儿住。)指位置在前面We knelt down before Grandmas grave. 我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。)指顺序或排列在之前Your name comes before mine on the list. 名单上你的名字在我之前。)在某人面前She said it before the witness. 他是当着证人的面说的。二、作为连词其基本含义是“在之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就”、“趁”、“就”等。具体用法如下： 与情态动词can/could连用这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。Before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terrible roar.她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。 用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间,距离长或花费的精力大,译成“才”We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。We waited a long time before the train arrived.我们等了很长时间火车才到。 用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间，距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到就”：We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚就”这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代beforeWe had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。 有时还有“宁愿”的意思Id shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。 用于It+be/take+时间段+before句型在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。若主句是一般时将来时态，从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.两周之后一切才能恢复正常。It will be many years before the situation improves.这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。It wont be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。It was some time before I realized the truth.过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。It wasnt long before she became a brave solider.没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。After that it still took seven years before they got married.他们又过了七年才结婚。注意：当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，before与until有时可以互换。It was an hour before/until the police arrived.巩固练习(04天津)It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.A. that B. until C. since D. before2.(04全国)Several weeks had gone by _ realized the painting was missing.A. as B. before C. since D. when3.(05广东)The America Civil War lasted four years _ the North won in the end.A. after B. before C. when D. then4.(05山东)It was some time _ we realized the truth.A. when B. until C. since D. before5.(06四川)-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting？-He rushed out of the classroom _ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after6.(06福建)-How long do you think it will be _ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon？-Perhaps two or three years.A. when B. until C. that D. before参考答案：DBBDAD10. I am always the first person to get to the office.11. But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them.12. Switch on the light. Its really dark in here. （here 有时当名词和介词一起用）13. Ordinary people merely think how they shall spend their time; a man of talent tries to use it.普通人只想到如何度过时间，有才能的人设法利用时间。Grammar1. Adjectives ending in-ing and -ed The ing form describes the people or things that cause the feeling. The ed form tells us how people feel. 巩固练习1. bored/boring: I wasnt _ with the lesson. The journey home from school was_.2. interested/interesting: I was very _ in her teaching method.3. amazed/amazing: The computer screen is absolutely_.4. disappointed/disappointing: He was_ because Ms Shen wont be the teacher every day.5. embarrassed/embarrassing: Group work activities wont make you _because you can keep quiet if you want to. 参考答案：1. bored 2. boring 3. interested 4. amazing 5. disappointed 6. embarrassed2. The Present Simple同学们，大家学习了一般现在时的用法，下面咱们来归纳一下： 概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 基本用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。特殊用法（1）表示说话的瞬间即可完成的动作，常用于对某种表演和示范动作的描述Now I put an egg in the flour, add half a cup of cold water, and then stir it.（2）在某些句型中表示正在进行的行为Here comes Bill. There goes Tom.（3）表示将来，用于谈论时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的事情: The conference begins at 8:30 and ends at 10.We leave tomorrow at 6:30 and arrive at 10.June 8 marks our 10th wedding anniversary.When does he leave for New York?在这种用法中，句中动词多为go, come, sail, start, return, open , close, take off, land 等。(4) 表述和声明：在谈话中，hope, assume, suppose , promise, declare, proclaim, claim, decide, agree, bet , say , see, hear, love, hate, prefer 等词常用一般现在时来表示表述和声明I bet you were nervous just before your driving test.It says here that the police expect more trouble in the city.I declare this exhibition open.(5) 在hope, suppose, assume, know, decide 等后所接的宾语从句中，动词用一般现在时来表示较近的将来I hope that you spend the weekend with us.Tonight well know who wins the gold medal.(6) 在时间，条件从句中表示将来：在directly, immediately, as soon as, when, after, by the time等词后用一般时表示将来I shall take you back to France directly you are well enough to travel.You must hear everything immediately you come. (7)用以表示命令、要求、警告等You do your own business.If she is late again, she gets fired.Either he quits or you go.You hand in the report before 2 oclock this afternoon.(8)在定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来Ill offer you anything you need.Anyone who talks in class will be punished.EXERCISE:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One. 3. We(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. they (like) the World Cup? 6. Whatthey often(do) on Saturdays? 7. your parents(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening. 10. There (be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike(like) cooking. 12. They(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always(do) your homework well. 15. I(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE. 18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term. 20.What day(be) it today? Its Saturday.二、改错 ()1. Is your brother speak English? ABC ()2. Does he likes going fishing? A BC ()3. He likes play games after class. A B C ()4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. A BC ()5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. ABC3. The Present Continuous（一）构成： be+v-ing肯定句：Tom is doing his homework now.否定句：Tom is not doing his homework now.一般疑问句：Is Tom doing his homework now?Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.（二）现在进行时的常用时间状语now, right now, at the same time, look, listen（三） 现在进行时的基本用法1.现在进行时主要表示说话人的说话时刻正在进行的动作、不断重复的动作或目前这个阶段(不一定是说话时刻)正在进行的动作。如：Were having a meeting. 我们在开会。(说话时正在进行的动作)Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 安静，孩子在睡觉。 He is teaching in a middle school. 他在一所中学教书。(目前阶段在进行的动作)2. 现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来，主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。如：Im leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。Theyre getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。现在进行时与一般现在时均可表示将来，区别是。如：用现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；而一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况。Im not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。What time does the train leave? 火车什么时候开?4. 现在进行时表示感色彩现在进行时有时可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，通常与 always, forever, constantly, continually等副词连用。比较。如：Shes always helping people. 她老是帮助别人。(表赞扬)She always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。(陈述一个事实)The boy is constantly lying. 这孩子老是撒谎。(表示厌恶)The boy often lies. 这孩子常撒谎。(指出缺点)（四）. 都是现在却不同比较一般现在时和现在进行时1. 意义一般现在时可用来表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。He goes to school by bus every day.也可表示主语现在具有的性格或能力。They like sports.She speaks a little Japanese.现在进行时可表示现在（说话的瞬间）或现阶段正在发生的动作。They are cleaning the classroom now.We are learning something about the Spring Festival these days.2. 常用语境。一般现在时常用于说明性文章。Lions comes from Africa.及新闻报道中对某人日常生活的描述。Liu Xiang likes singing and he often sings with his friends.现在进行时用于电话、网上聊天等非面对面的情况。Are you listening to me? Yes, I am.以及对图片、电视画面等进行解释说明。In the photo, I am crying.模拟试题（答题时间：25分钟）一. 选择正确答案。1. Where is Bill? He .A. at homeB. at school C. is reading by the river D. read in bed2. The old man is very . He doesnt like telling jokes.A. funny B. friendly C. serious D. honest3. Mary the piano, but I it.A. like, doesnt likeB. likes, doesnt like C. likes, dont likeD. like, doesnt likes4. Is Jim reading or talking? .A. Yes, Jim is B. Hes reading C. Yes, he does D. Yes, he is5. are they playing football? On the playground.A. Who B. What C. How D. Where二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. He (come) from France.2. Can you ( write) to me soon?3. I want (make) a pen pal in New York.4. Now, they (watch) TV.5. She often (read) in the morning.6. Look! Lucy (run) on the road.7. It (snow). (put) on your scarf if you go out.8. What about (go) fishing?9. Thank you for (give) help to me.10. Dont (do) it again.试题答案一. 15 C C C B D二. 1. comes 2. write 3. to make 4. are watching 5. reads 6. is running 7. is snowing, put 8. going 9. giving 10. doSpeaking & Writing1. I think a shepherds life is peaceful and relaxing- but maybe its boring sometimes.2. My father works in a foreign company. He goes to work early in the morning and comes home very late in the evening.2 RelaxingWords & Expressions1. happen/take place/break out/occur 都表示发生occur和happen最显著的区别是:前者是文学书面用语,很正式.后者较常用,较口语化.这两个词都有偶然发生的意思,没有经过筹划的take place 常用于有计划的事情的发生.The funeral took place on 24 June.葬礼已于6月24日举行. break out 一般是指激烈的,严重的暴力,骚乱等大事爆发. Fire broke out last night . 2. check表逐一核对内容是否有遗漏.examine表仔细检查内容是否有错;test表检查核对某一观点是否符合客观事实3. diet指的是习惯的食物或