高考三大从句考点与陷阱题解析.doc

高考从句陷阱题典型考题讲解与练习定语从句典型陷阱题分析 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目： （1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2） The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3） Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？” A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。 【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题： _ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 此题it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。 （1） _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It （2） _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It（3）_ is mentioned above is that the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. It4. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such that 句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such that （如此以至）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses. （1） His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which （2） Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which （3） This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which （4） George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom （5） Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom （6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 6. He had thousands of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students. 【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题： （1） He asked a lot of questions, none of _ was easy to answer. A. which B. them C. what D. that （2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer. A. them B. which C. what D. that （3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other. A. whom B. them C. which D. who （4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _ knew anything about the other. A. them B. whom C. which D. who 7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较： （1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that （2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that （3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that 8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题： seat vt.坐 sb + be seated +地点状语； sb + seat oneself + 地点状语 sit vi.坐 sb + is sitting/ sat + 地点状语 （1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。 （1） If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that （2） If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15. A. as B. which C. what D. that （3） Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so （4） When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that 10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where 【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where. 【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when： She says that shell never forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. how D. where （1） Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month. A. which B. when C. how D. where （2） Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete. A. which B. when C. how D. where （3） Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago. A. where B. when C. that D. which精编陷阱题训练 1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm, _ many people have gone home. A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time “by +时间点”必须加“完成时” 模式：有3个“引导词”一般都需要加上某个词，才能引导从句 how+ adj/adv +主语 however, no matter how which + 名词 + 主语 whichever whose+ 名词 + 主语但定从里，有时可以说 “介词+ which time” 3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？ A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _ effects he still suffers. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 6. Its said that hes looking for a new job, one _ he can get more money to support his family. A. when B. where C. that D. which 7. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 8. The little time we have together well try _ wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that 此题是the little time引导的时间状从但也要注意隐藏的定语从句： “名词/代词+ sb”一般都是定从，从sb开始，且前面的名词在定从中作宾语 9. The old building, behind _ was a famous church, was _ we used to work. A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where 10. We will be shown around the city： schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when 11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, _ the country became united. A. when B. if C. since D. until since + 时间点， 主句为（1）完成时；（2）It is/has been + 时间段 + since 13. You could see the runners very well from _ we stood. A. which B. where C. that D. when 14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose用含有of的短语引导的定从：（1）所有格： the +名词 +of + which/whom（2）范围中： some/the latter + of which/whom 15. What have you got _ will help a cold？ A. what B. that C. it D. who You have got that will help a cold. 用“还原法”来做 问句、倒装句、被动句。 16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _ he spoke to me. A. how B. that C. what D. which 17. Do you know the man from _ house the pictures were stolen？ A. which B. that C. what D. whose 18. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 做从句题对于某些内容要有“敏感性” （1）有“内容/内涵”的名词(fact/truth/conclusion/decision/doubt)+从句 同位语从句（2）“抽象的地点”（condition/situation/case/point/state/job）+从句 where引导的定从 “抽象的时间”（stay/visit）+ when（3）“指物的不定代词” “指人的不定代词”（4）“要某人做某事”的动词+ 虚拟语气（省略should）, 多为“建议/命令/要求”等意义的词。 19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, Id give you everything you _. A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting 20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday _ taught me English three years ago. A. which B. when C. where D. who 21. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 22. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is注意：“插入语” （1）用逗号和主句分开的成分： believe it or not, to my surprise, whats more, generally speaking,（2）特殊疑问句，疑问词后的do you think/guess/suppose等：后面的成分不需要倒装（3）从句，引导词后的sb think/guess/suppose/say（4）特殊疑问句，疑问词后的on earth/ in the world/ at all/ the hell“究竟，到底” What on earth are you doing? = What are you doing on earth? 比较：What do you think you are doing?考点：be + of great +抽象名词（help/hope/use/value/importance） be + very+对应形容词(helpful/hopeful/valuable/important) 23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _ they faced many years ago. A. that B. which C. that which D. it “that”可以替代the one: the one (that) ;be similar to 与类似；（1）介词后不能加“以that作为引导词的从句”（2）be similar to the one (that) they faced 25. I saw some trees the leaves of _ were black with disease. A. that B. which C. it D. what 26. The famous basketballer, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who 27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _ she had arranged with James. A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. that was that名词性从句典型陷阱题分析1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what 【陷阱】可能误选B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B. 【分析】正确答案选 D.第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。 2. After _ had happened he could not continue to work there. A. which B. how C. what D. having 【陷阱】可能误选A. 【分析】最佳答案选 C.有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题： He pointed to _ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.” Tomb Raider A. that B. what C. which D. as 3.“Is _ you want to say？” asked the teacher. A. this B. that C. all that D. that all 【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B. 【分析】最佳答案选 D.假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say？ 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all. 4. “When _ leave for Japan？” “When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.” A. they will, will they B. will they, they will C. they will, they will D. will they, will they 【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。 【分析】最佳答案选 B.第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题： （1） None knows if _ that boy, but if _ him, her parents will be disappointed.A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marriesC. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry （2） “Where _ go to work？” “Where _ go to work is not known.” A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall weC. shall we, we shallD. we shall, shall we 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】此题最佳答案为D.首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。比较以下两句： Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。 Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。 第一句因