中考英语总复习 语法专题13 复合句宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句课件（含13年试题） 人教新目标版.ppt

专题13复合句 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句 专题13 复合句 1宾语从句 考点直击 1 宾语从句的引导词及语序 1 that引导的宾语从句 若是that引导陈述句作宾语 that本身没有意义 可以省略 如 theradiosays that itwillraintomorrow 收音机报道说明天要下雨 2 whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语的从句时 从句改用陈述语序 if whether二者均可表示 是否 但与or连用分别引导两个分句 或用于不定式前 介词后或直接与ornot连用时 只能用whether 如 专题13 复合句 idon tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot 我不知道他是否会来 itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime 这取决于信是否来得及时 3 连接代词which what who等或连接副词how where why when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语的从句时 从句改用陈述语序 如 pleasetellmewhichyoulike 请告诉我你喜欢哪一个 mayiaskwhoyouwillinvitetogiveatalk 我可以问一下你要邀请谁来做报告吗 专题13 复合句 2 宾语从句的时态宾语从句中讲究时态呼应 即当主句谓语动词是现在时时 从句使用相对应的现在时 当主句谓语动词是过去时时 从句要用相对应的过去时 当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时 从句时态不受主句时态的限制 仍然用一般现在时 如 hetoldmethathewouldleaveforlondon 他告诉我他要去伦敦 ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun 我们老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转 专题13 复合句 3 宾语从句与否定转移动词think believe suppose expect imagine等后面的宾语从句的否定词要转移到主句中 即主句的谓语动词用否定式 而从句的谓语动词用肯定式 如 idon tthinkthatheishonest 我认为他不诚实 4 宾语从句与简单句的转换由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为 特殊疑问词 todo 结构的简单句 如 idon tknowwhatishouldsay idon tknowwhattosay 我不知道说什么 专题13 复合句 2状语从句 1 各类状语从句及其引导词如下表所示 专题13 复合句 专题13 复合句 2 if when同时引导宾语从句和状语从句如 idon tknowifhewillcome ifhecomes iwilltellhimthetruth 我不知道他是否会来 如果他来 我将告诉他事实 idon tknowwhenhewillcometomorrow whenhecomes iwilltellhimthetruth 我不知道他明天什么时候来 当他来时 我将告诉他事实 专题13 复合句 3定语从句 1 关于定语从句的概念 1 定语从句就是在复合句中充当定语的从句 它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面 2 先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 3 关系词是引导定语从句的词 2 引导定语从句的关系词关系代词有who whose whom which that 关系副词有when where why 专题13 复合句 3 关系代词的基本用法 专题13 复合句 4 关系副词的基本用法关系副词when where why在定语从句中作状语 分别表示时间 地点和原因 如 thisistheplacewherewespentourholidayslastyear 这就是我们去年度假的地方 i llneverforgetthedaywhenigraduatedfromcollege 我将永远忘不了我大学毕业的那一天 idon tknowthereasonwhyhedidn tattendthemeetingyesterday 我不知道他昨天没有出席会议的原因 专题13 复合句 5 只能用that引导的定语从句 1 当先行词是不定代词all little few much any anything everything nothing none或先行词被all little few much any every no等修饰时 如 ihavenothingthatisworthreading 我没有什么值得一读的东西 2 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及theonly thevery thelast等修饰时 如 thisistheverypenthatiamlookingfor 这正是我在找的钢笔 专题13 复合句 3 先行词既包括人又包括物时 如 theprofessorandhisachievementthatiheardaboutareadmiredbythem 我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到了他们的赞美 4 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时 为了避免重复 多用that引导 如 whoisthemanthatistalkingtomrwhite 在和怀特先生交谈的那个人是谁 专题13 复合句 1 2013 临沂 pleaseholdontoyourdream onedayitcomestrue a ifb untilc unlessd though2 2013 衢州 liumingjumpshighest heisn tthetallestinourclass a becauseb thoughc ford so b b 考点过关 专题13 复合句 3 2013 内江 idon tknowifhe totheenglishcorner buti llaskhimaboutthatwhenhe totheclass a goes willcomeb willgo willcomec goes comesd willgo comes4 2013 青岛 doyouknow thegirlinblueis i mnotsure maybeateacher a whoseb howc whatd which c d 专题13 复合句 5 2013 杭州 beingblindissomething mostpeoplecan timagine a whob whatc thatd whom6 2013 上海 ihatetravellingbyair youusuallyhavetowaitforhoursbeforetheplanetakesoff a becauseb thoughc untild unless c a 专题13 复合句 7 2013 江西 kate sdadisgettingold shewillgobackhometoseehim itisconvenient a becauseb wheneverc althoughd unless8 2013 呼和浩特 youtoldme ihadheardnothingofwhathappened a untilb thoughc whend if a b 专题13 复合句 9 2013 兰州 lilydoesn tknow sheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboy parentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney a that whoseb how whoc what whod what whose10 2013 聊城 pleasetellme toimprovemyenglish a whaticandob whatcanidoc howicandod howcanido a d 专题13 复合句 1 2013 黄石 helen doyouknowifmartin tomypartynextweek ithinkhewillcomeifhe free a willcome willbeb willcome isc come isd comes willbe2 2013 天津 idon tknow becausehehastolookafterhismother a whyheisleavingb whyisheleavingc whetherheisleavingd whetherisheleaving b a 语法专练 专题13 复合句 3 ididn tknow theycouldpasstheexamornot a thatb whatc whichd whether 解析 whether ornot为固定搭配 d 4 couldyoutellushowlong aboutthreedays a doesthesportsmeetinglastb thesportsmeetinglastc willthesportsmeetinglastd thesportsmeetingwilllast d 专题13 复合句 5 i mwaitingforthemail doyouknow itwillarrive usuallyitcomesby4 00pm a howb wherec whend what 解析 由答句可以判断出前句是问themail到达的时间 故选c c 6 everyoneknowsthattheearth aroundthesun a movesb wasmovingc movedd ismoved a 专题13 复合句 7 2012 日照 theseanimalsareindanger weshouldthink toprotectthem a whatcanwedob whatwecandoc howcanwedod howwecando 解析 本题考查宾语从句的用法 宾语从句要用陈述句序 所以排除a c 根据句意 这些动物处于危险中 我们应该思考做些什么来保护他们 可知选b b 专题13 复合句 8 2013 内江 peoplearetalkingabouttheoldhouses jackiechanboughtinanhuitwentyyearsago a whichb wherec whod when9 2013 杭州 idon tunderstand thateverything sfinewhenit snot a howcanhesayb canhesayhowc hecansayhowd howhecansay10 2013 安徽 istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers ivisitedinlondonyearsago a whatb whoc thatd which d a c 专题13 复合句 11 2012 安顺 thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboy a wheredidheliveb wherehelivedc wherehelivesd wheredoeshelive 解析 在宾语从句中 主句为一般过去时 从句需用过去的相应时态且用陈述语序 b 专题13 复合句 12 2012 重庆 couldyoutellme bysearchingtheinternet a howyougottheinformationb whyyougottheinformationc howdidyougettheinformationd whydidyougettheinformation 解析 bydoingsth意为 做某事的方式 方法 对此进行提问时用特殊疑问词how a 专题13 复合句 13 2013 重庆 didtheradiosay yes fromhunan a howthebadricecameb wherethebadricecamefromc howdidthebadricecomed wheredidthebadricecomefrom14 2013 大庆 theh7n9birdfluisadisease canbeverydangerous a b whoc whatd which b d 专题13 复合句 15 2013 湖州 iwastoldtomeetmrwhiteattheairport butidon tknow hewillarrive a whenb howc whered why16 couldyoutellmehowlong thefootballclub a youhavejoinedb haveyoujoinedc youhavebeenind haveyoubeenin a c 解析 宾语从句必须用陈述语序 故排除b d join为非延续性动词 不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用 故选c 专题13 复合句 17 2012 衢州 wewillgoforapicnicifit tomorrow a doesn trainb wasn trainyc won traind wasn training 解析 if引导的条件状语从句遵循 主将从现 原则 c 18 2013 泰安 liuyangisthefirstchinesewomanastronaut hasevertraveledinspace a whomb whichc whod whose a 专题13 复合句 19 theydeveloptheirskills theycandothingsbetterandbetter a howeverb becausec sinced sothat d 解析 句意 他们拓展他们的技能是为了能够把事情做得越来越好 后面的从句表示目的 故选d 专题13 复合句 20 myfathercamebackhomewhilei tvwithmymother a amwatchingb waswatchingc werewatchingd watched21 doyouknowwhenshe back sorry idon tknow i llcallyouwhenshe back a comes comesb comes willcomec willcome comesd willcome willcome b c 专题13 复合句 22 mrmorganisstillenergetic heisover80now a sob becausec althoughd when23 2013 台州 hey mike guess formycomingvacation tohainanisland youalwayslikesomewhereinteresting a whatiwilltakeb wherei mgoingc wheniwillleaved whoi mgoingwith c b 专题13 复合句 24 idon tliketogotolarry shome i mafraidofhisscarydog a unlessb ifc thoughd because25 mikedidn tgotobed hefinishedhishomework a whileb becausec ifd until d d 专题13 复合句 26 2013 济南 couldyoupleasetellme yes thereisoneoncenterstreet a wherecanibuysomestampsb whenyouwilltakeyourvacationc whenwasthetelephoneinventedd ifthereareanygoodrestaurantsaroundhere27 it s niceweather allofuswanttogotothepark a so thatb too toc as asd such that d d 专题13 复合句 28 theboyfailedthemathexamagain hedidn tgiveup a because sob because c although butd although 29 i llgotoseemyauntassoonasi beijing a reachtob arriveinc willreachd willarrivein30 youcan tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrarybeforeyou yourstudentcard a gotb willgetc getd getting d b c 专题13 复合句 31 theenglish chinesedictionary myfatherboughtformemanyyearsagoisstillofgreat