高考英语信息匹配题解题技巧及练习.doc

高考英语信息匹配题解题技巧一、概述：信息匹配题是近年来高考英语中出现的一个新题型，其目的是考查考生通过快速阅读获取信息和处理信息的能力。从目前的情况来看，这类题型的所涉及文章体裁大都属于应用文，如广告(含招聘广告、产品销售广告、宣传广告、电影海报等)、简历、图书资料、社交书信和产品说明书等，总的说来，其实用性比较强。二、解题技巧：（一）步骤：先“少”后“多”：先读总字数少的那一板块内容，锁定了其中的关键信息后，再读字数多的那一板块内容并进行匹配。这里之所以不提“先读题目后读文章”，是因为有些信息匹配题可能会出现“匹配题目信息多过文章信息”的情况，如果还是按照传统的“先题后文法”去做，就会特别吃力。因此先“少”后“多”是做是做信息匹配题的总体步骤。 “先题后文法”阅读理解非常常用的一种方法，它指的是在做阅读理解题时，先读题目，然后带着问题去读文章，遇上相关信息画上记号，最后再通过分析和比较得出答案。对于信息匹配题来说，“先题后文”指的就是先读匹配对象，然后带着匹配对象中的关键信息阅读前面的信息材料，最后确定答案。这种方法的好处就在于，它可以提高阅读的针对性，从而提高答题速度和答题的准确性。（二）锁定关键信息：抓实词：正确锁定关键信息是做好信息匹配题的重要一步。如何才能迅速地锁定关键信息呢？有一个总原则：抓住实词！从词性来说，包括：名词、动词、形容词、数词；从具体内容来说，包括：人名、地名、书名、产品名、电影名、行为、特征、数量、日期等。可以参照（who, what, when, where, which, how）等因素来进行锁定。不同文体的关键信息也不一样，如：招聘广告：年龄、学历、经历等；产品宣传广告：产品的特点、优势、价格等；培训班招生广告：课程、时间、地点、教师、学费、入学条件和联系方式等；剧院介绍：位置、联系电话、上演剧目、时间和票价等；（三）匹配技巧： 、寻找同义、相同的词或词组。 、寻找近义词或词组。 、留意数字（包括时间）。数字的位置是最容易找的，如果问题提及过，用寻找关键字的方法就能找到答案。 注意：数字有时候也可用英语表达出来。（四）读懂省略文字：信息匹配题通常涉及的是应用文，而应用文类文体的语言都比较简洁和精炼，有时甚至还会出现一些省略句，考生做题时若能具备这方面的一些知识和能力，并能根据上下文对有所省略的句子作出准确理解，则可大大提高得分率。（五）学会“认”生词：信息匹配题中有时会出现生词，尤其是一些广告类应用文，通常会出现一些考生不认识的人名、地名、书名、电影名、产品名、网站名等，这些生词如果从句子结构上分析能够确定是属于实词，就只需要标识出来，然后在下文阅读中如果检索到相同的词，一般就可以确认它们是匹配的信息。也就是说，并不需要学生完全读懂该生词的具体中文意思，只需要及时“认得出”就可以了。在具体操作上，考生可以这样进行：对于不熟悉的人名，可以理解为“某人”；对于不熟悉的地名，可以理解为“某地”；对于不熟悉的书名，可以理解为“某书”；对于不熟悉的电影名，可以理解为“某电影”；以此类推。（6） 巧用标注记号： 要阅读材料信息时可用笔划出关键点，以引起注意，便于记忆和理顺思路。同时，对于已选用的匹配项，也可用笔标明，以排除干扰，减轻大脑负担，从而提高解题速度和答题的准确性。假若在五个题目中已经匹配了三个，并且均很有把握，而剩下的两个还一时拿不准，此时可以在已经做好题目前打个钩，在拿不准的两个题目前打个问号，这样可以缩小匹配范围，提高针对性。巩固练习：2011年广东高考英语信息匹配首先请阅读下列近期热播的国外影视作品的海报及提示性文字：a. when it come to the essential story line, the movie is all about a bird traveling several thousand miles for the purpose of setting up a rare bird family.b. cracks explores the evil force developed within a closed society, the single-minded violence of the mob mentality, and the seductive charm of the heroine.c. eleven years after sidney prescott tangled with a mad killer, the scream series has been exhumed. it was fun and breezy in 1996. in 2011, its about as fresh as the whiff.d. soul surfer portrays the comeback spirit and faith of shark attack survivor and champion surfer bethany hamilton.e. although it is a better fantasy than a comedy, this movie never fully embraces either side of the dramatic types and ends up a bastard of mixed blood.f. this movie is a richer and more compelling thriller involving a cat-and-mouse game than the average roller coaster ride into tension and misery. and it also has a “clean” ending.以下是这些影视作品的背景简介或故事梗概。请将相关背景简介或故事梗概与影视作品的海报及提示性文字匹配起来。46. having spent most of her life in the worlds of finland and toughened herself with half her teen years harsh training as a killer, she decides that she is ready to enter society. her first mission is to kill marissa, her mothers killer. the plan goes much as expected, except the “marissa” is an imposter. hanna becomes the prey in a cat-and-mouse game with the real marissa, causing tension and misery.47. blu is a domesticated macaw from the jungles of south america. if linda, his owner, brings him to rio, the bird can mate the last female blue macaw and re-start the species. blus encounter with his bride-to-be, jewel, doesnt go well, but the two arent given much time to get to know each other before a gang of bird-hunters spirits them away. now its up to blu and jewel to escape the criminals.48. perhaps surprisingly, it works reasonably well until the jokes get in the way, testifying to how durable fantasy clichs are. yet, considering the talent involved on both sides of the camera, audiences may be expecting more. even though it emerges from an uncrowded genre in which the competition is sparse, your highness is forgettable and it likely wont take long before it is forgotten.49. the film begins with the heroine at age 13, already a champion surfer who has been winning trophies since she was 9. on an idyllic hawaii day, she is practicing for next competition when a shark strikes, biting off her left arm. she makes a quick physical recovery and is back on her surfboard after several weeks, but her spiritual recovery is more complicated as she struggle to believe she can and should keep surfing. she goes out their and shows the world she can be a beacon for human soul.50. the ghost face killer has chosen this year to emerge from the winter long sleep, and his targets appear to be sidney and those few remaining family members. scream 4 offers little more than a group of familiar characters wandering around a horror movie setting and uttering self-referential one-liners as the body count mounts. the story is thin and belabored more an excuse to encounter old friends and revel in new gore than tha “revision” promised by the promotional material.2008年广东高考英语信息匹配信息匹配 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。以下是为留英学生编写的系列留学指南的简介：a. the number-one guide to what to study in the ukthis two-volume guide features up-to-date and in-depth information about uk course options and institutions. it also includes course charts, teaching and research ratings, and advice on choosing your course.b. the a to z of where to study in the uka reference directory of uk institutions belonging to the british councils education counselling service. includes easy-to-use comparative data on everything from accommodation to courses and fees.c. the essential online guide to uk educationthis site gives you instant access to a wide range of information on studying and living in the uk, including hotlinks to the british councils virtual campus and institutions own web sites.d. the practical guide to making the most of your uk experiencethis fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities, traveling to the uk, arranging accommodation, working in the uk, financial and legal matters, and student life.e. new guide to choosing the right uk courseevery year, the times newspaper compiles a league table of all the uks ninety-seven universities. this is published as the good university guide, which features over fifty tables ranking universities by degree subject.f. the magazine that shows why so many international students choose to study in the uk.if youve enjoyed reading this magazine and want to keep up with the latest uk student news and views, place your order now for issues 3 and 4.以下是留英指南图书或杂志的封面，请匹配封面与其对应的简介：fecba信息匹配专项训练： （1）the people below are all looking for a hotel in scotland for their holidays. after the description of these people, there is information about six scotland hotels a-f. decide which hotel would be most suitable for the people mentioned in questions 1-5 and then mark the correct letter(a-f) on your answer sheet. there is one extra paragraph about one hotel which you dont need to use. 1.two women friends who want to do several all-day hikes in the mountains during the spring. they like a place with traditional decorations and superb views 2.a woman with two children aged six and ten, who will spend july in scotland. the children are interested in animals and plants and the mother enjoys fashions. 3.a handicapped lawyer who must use a wheelchair but drives her own car. she enjoys concerts, museums, fine architecture and swimming. she will spend the first two weeks of october in scotland. 4.a writer, a teacher and their one-year-old daughter. they want to be in a quiet place during august. they enjoy good food, and like to take long walks(the baby rides in a back-pack). 5.an old couple, aged 65 and 68. they love mountain scenery and still take easy walks by the lakeside when they can. they hope to enjoy fresh air and some relaxing activities.aedinburgh. post house a popular base for visitors to edinburgh, this fine hotel stands next to the zoological gardens within easy reach of the many famous sights, shops and entertainments of one of europes most elegant capitals.bgatehouse of fleet. cally hotel this impressive hotel, well-known for its good scottish cooking, is an ideal choice for a relaxing family holiday. set in 100 acres of private grounds, the cally, a former stately home, has something for everyone including its own fishing lake, outdoor heated swimming pool, green lawn, tennis court, childrens playground and sauna baths.cglenborrodale. glenborrodale castle hotel there can be few better places for a refreshing holiday than this picturesque hotel set in its own 120 acres of beautiful countryside by charming lake sunart on the ardnamurchan peninsular（半岛）. boating and fishing are both available here.dinverness. royal hotel! a unique feature of the royal is its fine collection of antique furniture, china and glass. this friendly comfortable hotel, a favourite meeting place for the townspeople, is an excellent base for getting to know the highlands-lake ness, great gien and culloden moor are all within easy reach.epeebles. tontine hotel the tontine had a fascinating beginning-it was built in 1808. this homely hotel has been extended to make it a really comfortable base for exploring the tweed valley and the attractive lowland country.fnorth berwick. marine hotelthis fine hotel overlooks the famous west links golf course and is close to several sandy beaches. the marine has its own open-air swimming pool and putting green as well as tennis courts, squash courts and saunas. edinburgh, well-know for its art festivals, is only some 24 miles away.（2）here are five letters from readers listed in 1-5. all the greetings and signatures are left out. suppose you are a secretary of the magazine cr (crazy english reader), for each one find a suitable reply from a-f. mark the correct letter (a-f) on your answer sheet. there is one extra reply which you dont need to use. 1. i am a reader of cr. recently i found students translate some articles of cr. i appreciate your offering an opportunity to us beginners to practise using english. so i want to ask how they can obtain these articles and translated them for you, and what qualities you require. thank you. 2. i love your crazy english reader magazine! it provides valuable data for work in our english teaching. my wife and i are teaching conversational english so ive been giving you a bit of a plug at our middle school. i told the students to “get a copy!” its good stuff! fantastic! 3. im one of yaos fans from guangzhou. i have read the yao ming articles in no.7 crazy english reader. i want to know his correspondence address and the official website. could you please tell me? thank you very much indeed. 4. first of all, i must say thank you very much to all the ce reader editors who gave us a really good english magazine. secondly, i want to give you a piece of advice. in each passage, you gave us some new words with their chinese translation. however, as far as my knowledge, i think you should give us not only the chinese meaning but also the english meaning so as to know the words more accurately. thank you! 5. i am an editor of the english monthly of our school. i have a question that is how to say the position of the paper e.g., 总编 责任编辑 and so on. i hope you can help me to tell me the word in english. the more the better. thank you so much! i love the book very much. now, i do this work, i need study more information about this work, if you have time, please email me. thank you. a. thank you for your suggestion. we may try that in some future issues of cr. i think the best way to improve your reading vocabulary is to be able to guess the meaning of the word from the other words around it. also, if you have an english dictionary, its good to look up the words and then mark them down in a notebook and review them later on. then if you really want to learn how to use the words, try using them in conversation or in writing. hope this helps. b. the best way for you to learn the different positions in a newspaper or magazine is to get a copy of an all-english magazine or newspaper and then copy down the different positions. there are also titles such as managing editor, reporter, copy editor, photo editor and layout editor. i hope this helps. if you have some more specific questions, you can send them to me and ill try to answer.c.the best way to reach yao directly is through his home team, the shanghai sharks. you can write him at 2570 xietu road, shanghai. for more information on yao, you can look at the sports section in sina. com. i hope this helps. another idea is that you can try to write yao while hes living and playing in houston. you can try to reach yao in the us at: yao ming compaq centre 10 houston, tx 77046 d. thank you for being such a careful reader of cr. yes, youre right we made a mistake in the writing of that chinese word. each issue we try to read very carefully each article and its translation to make sure there are no mistakes, but unfortunately a few mistakes always get by. but you encourage us to keep improving, so thank you. e. yes, we do have several students who help us translate some of the articles in our magazine. we contact these translators directly after interviewing their translation work. afterwards we assign the articles to them for translation. if you are interested in being one of our translators you can send us some information about yourself and a sample of your translation work. f.thank you for helping us to promote cr. were glad its helpful to your students. we always try to include articles that reflect real life. its our hope that cr will not only improve students english but also open up a different worldview.（3）the people below are all looking for a course on chinese to study. read the following information about the six courses. decide which course would be the most suitable for the people mentioned in questions 61-65 and then mark the correct letter (a-f) on your answer sheet. you can choose any letter more than once, and some of the letters may not be chosen._1. mathew majors in media and hopes to understand chinese broadcasting and tv news and communicate with the chinese people._ 2. sarah is a learner of chinese with a fairly good knowledge of basic chinese grammar and a vocabulary of 2500, hoping to improve her chinese ability in speaking, reading and writing._ 3. lois majors in teaching chinese as a foreign language and hopes to improve her ability in translation._ 4. dennis once has taught himself chinese and can speak a little chinese but with poor pronunciation and grammar, hoping to meet the needs of everyday life and study, and understand each other in basic communication through training._ 5. georgia specializes in the chinese language and culture at the average. he plans to have a tour in china.a. comprehensive language skill training100 lessons in total focusing on pronunciation, grammar and discourse (语段). to enable the learner to master the basic knowledge of the chinese language, to have the basic ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing, so that they are able to communicate with others and to meet the needs of everyday life, study and socialty. this will lay a foundation for further study of chinese.b. intermediate chinese comprehensive course40 lessons in all, focusing on the training of the comprehensive skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing of intermediate chinese. to enable the students to recognize, understand and use the active and less active words, to improve their ability of expressing themselves in paragraphs and discourse, to master the new words, patterns, grammatical structures, paragraphs and discourse and means of connections so as to express the meaning of the texts correctly and fluently in paragraphs and discourse.c. news listeningbased on frequently used words, typical sentences and information and concentrating on improving the ability of listening comprehension. to improve the ability of collecting information, to grasp the knowledge and skills they have learned and to understand the broadcasting and tv news of similar themes and relevant level of difficulty with the correctness of 80%. to build up the foundation for further study.d. elementary english-chinese translation25 classes in total, including various styles such as poems, popular science, political comments and news, about every aspect of everyday life. the texts vary from easy to difficult and combine theory with practice as well as translation and interpretation. about 185 hours are needed. to familiarize the learner with the equivalent (对应的) chinese expressions of english. to enable them to know usage of chinese and english words and sentences, cultural differences and the background knowledge.e. elementary spoken chinese in business24 units in all. chinese words and expressions in business and trade are introduced in the form of vivid situational dialogues, notes and exercises. to enable the learner to master the words and expressions of elementary spoken business chinese and to communicate with others in trade and business.f. chinese human geographyintroduction to geographic environment and cultural phenomena in various parts of china, such as natural features, historical backgrounds, religious sites, ancient battle fields, dramas and arts, traditional products, and special food, etc. through the introduction to historical and cultural sites and scenery, the learner will have a general view about chinese geography, history, culture and regional features.getting away for a short time always seems like a great idea until you have to pack. but packing wont be a problem if you keep in mind one simple rule. whether youll be sleeping overnight at a friends house, or visiting a relative for a week, the rule is: pack light. here are some tips to help you pack