八年级下册第一单元单词和短语.doc

八年级下册第一单元单词和短语Unit 1 Whats the matter?（学习生病的短语及建议） 1. 问生病Whats the matter with you?Whats wrong with you?Is there anything wrong with you?-考：Whats the matter with the young man? =Whats wrong with the young man?-考There is something wrong with my tooth. =I have a toothache. There is something wrong with my ear. =I have an earache.2. 各种病 可数：have a headache have an earache have a toothache have a cold have a stomachache have a temperaturetemprt have a fever have a cough kf have a sore backs: have a sore throatrt clear his throat have a nosebleed nzbli:d have a heart problem有心脏病不可数：have flu、have the flu-考：I have a cold. _ A. That sounds good=Sounds good B. Good idea C. Thank you D. Im sorry to hear that.-考：Whats the matter with you? I have a _. Maybe you should see the dentist.牙医 A. headache B. fever C. cold D. toothache3. rest restnrest休息have a rest=take a restWe are tired. Lets stop to have a restnrest剩下的部分 the rest 剩下的I could answer 16 of the questions, but I couldnt answer the rest. the rest of n复 V复 the rest of n单 V单one third 1/3one quarter 1/4分数百分数n 复 V复n单 V单two thirds 2/3three quarters3/433 percent 25 percent The rest of the water is (be) dirty.The rest of the students are(be) boys.-考：We are going to lie down and have a good rest.-考：I can answer 16 of the questions, but I cant answer the rest.4. cough Vcough-coughed-coughed咳嗽He coughed a lot/much last night.ncoughC咳嗽have a cough / have a lot of coughs -考：My daughter had a cough, so I took her to the hospital.-考：The old man often has coughs(cough) V n =The old man often coughs a lot.5. passenger p sn dnCpassenger乘客 passengerpassengers句Many passengers got hurt in this accident.be hurt=get hurt受伤6. 吃惊V使吃惊 surprise物V人 The story surprised me.人V人 The man surprised me.n吃惊 surprise adj.surprised surprisinghave a surprising partyLets have a surprising party for her.固 to ones surprise，+句子 do sth in surprise、in person、in silence、in public、in college、in space、in bed be surprised at sth be surprised to do be surprised【that】-考：We were surprised【that the girl could dance so well.】 =To our surprise , the girl could dance so well.-考：To my surprise, Lily didnt go to Toms party.-考：We were surprised that the girl could dance so well. =To our surprise, the girl could dance so well.-考：To my surprise, Lily didnt go to Toms party.-考：He was surprised to meet(meet) me here.-考：We all got a big surprise when we saw him here.-考：My sister and I got a surprise when we saw a terrible snake.-考：We didnt tell him about it because we wanted to give him a surprise.-考：She must be surprised when she sees the gifts because we dont tell her. 7. shout-shouted-shoutedshout at sb.带有感情色彩,不礼貌Its impolite to shout at the old.shout to sb.只是单纯喊不带感情色彩He is shouting to you for help.shout for help喊救命 ask/call sb. for help-考：Dont shout at others. Its impolite.-考：Dont shout at(to/at) the old.-考：They shout to(to/at) the people for help-考：（2013山东临沂青云中心学校） He shouted _ his father when he found a snake in the forest. A. on B. to C. in D. at-考：Listen! Someone is shouting for help(喊救命)8. thank：感谢不单独使用要么thank you, 要么thanks：感谢介词用forThank you for Thank you so much forThanks forThanks a lot for：回答Thats OK. Thats all right.You are welcome.Not at all.(Its) my pleasure.No problem：thanks to多亏了Thanks to your help, I finish my work on time. thankful感激的 grateful He should be thankful for your good luck. thankfulness n感谢【What he did】expressed his thankfulness.-考：Thank your for helping(help)me. Thank you for your help(help)U-考：Thank you for inviting (invite) me. Thank you for your invitation (invite).-考：Thanks to your help, I passed the exam. 多亏了-考：I can help you. Oh, thats great! Thanks so much. A. No problem B. Sure C. Dont thank me D. OK-考：Thank you for your help. _. A. No, thanks B. You are welcome. C. Dont say it D. All right考：Thank you for your help. Youre welcome.-考：Thanks for your help. _ A. No, thanks B. Thats right C. Youre welcome-考：Thank you _ your help.A. at B. for C. in-考：Thank for your helpU(help). =Thank for helping me.-考：（2013广东中大附中期中）_ to me.A. Thanks for you listeningB. Thanks for listeningC. Thanks for you to listenD. Thank you listen-考：（2012云南大理中考）Thank you for helping me so much!_.A. Dont thank me B. All rightC. Dont say so D. Youre welcome-考：（2012江苏镇江）Thanks for the delicious food._.A. No, thanks B. Thats rightC. All right D. My pleasure.-考：Im thankful (thank) to know that you have helped me a lot.-考：Linda helped me with my English. I was so thankful (感激的)to her.-考：（2014四川遂宁） _ free education, more and more poor children can go back to school in the mountains. A. Without B. Thanks to C. Instead of9. in time：及时 on time：按时-考：You should finish your homework on time-考：He got to the station in time and caught the last bus.10. think的相关短语 think-thought-thoughtthink of1.思考,考虑对看法 2.想出、想到侧重指让某人想起I cant think of your name.think about1.思考、考虑 对看法2.回想(过去)Dont think about the car accident again.You can think about it and let me know your decision.think up想出、捏造有带一点被去得去想，想出(一个借口,主意.). 捏造,虚构.come up with an idea=think up an ideathink over仔细思考,认真考虑You should think over the question before you answer it.think twice再三考虑You should think twice before you act.11. need/dare初步用法肯否疑否/疑用do/does/didVneed +名词need to doneed . to do被动need doing 被动need to be done(V3)否疑否/疑用need自身mvneed +V原-考：（2013杭州期末） I need to clean the living room every day.(改否定) I dont need to clean the living room every day.-考：He needs _ his room. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleans D. clean-考：（2013江苏苏州） Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs _.A. clean B. cleanedC. to clean D. to be cleaned need/dare初步用法肯否疑否/疑用do/does/didVneed +名词need to doneed . to do被动need doing 被动need to be done(V3)否疑否/疑用need自身mvneed +V原-考：You _ get up so early. But you must go to work on time. A. neednt to B. dont have to C. may not D. mustntmust必须-真正否定neednt、dont have to-考：_ cut up one more apple?Yes, we do.A. Need we B. Do we needC. Do we need to D. Must we need/dare初步用法肯否疑否/疑用do/does/didVneed +名词need to doneed . to do被动need doing 被动need to be done(V3)否疑否/疑用need自身mvneed +V原-考：（2012黑龙江兰西北安中学）Jim is ill. He _ to hospital at once.A. needs go B. need to goC. needs to go D. need go need/dare初步用法肯否疑否/疑用do/does/didVneed +名词need to doneed . to do被动need doing 被动need to be done(V3)否疑否/疑用need自身mvneed +V原12. adj.：good- better(比)- best(最) adv：well better(比)-best最)adj.good好be good at do well in擅长be good for 反be bad for 对有好处/坏处be good with 和相处得好、对有方法=get on well with sb./get along well with sb.be good to 对好adj.well身体好feel well感觉身体好 feel better觉得更好adv.well 好V +adv He can play the piano well.-考：I am not feeling well(good). 系 +adj.(good/well)I think I am ill.-考：He wants to be a teacher because he is good with kids.-考：-考：Playing computer games for too long is bad for your eyes.-考：He wants to study well(good).-考：This watch is as good(good) as that one. 系 adj.(good/well)-考：This team plays as well(good) as that team V adv(well)-考：He had a bad cold yesterday.But today he is feeling better. 系 +adj.(good/well)-考：(2014福建泉州一中期中) _ too much candy is not good _ your teeth. A. Eat, too B. Eating, to C. Eating, too13. 可能may句中有动原may be句中没动词maybe句首不缺成分-考：Maybe he will go with you. He may go with you. He may be at home.-考：（2014江苏无锡前洲中学月考） _ he is ill. So he _ at home. A. May be, may be B. Maybe, may be C. Maybe, may D. May, may be-考：Mr. Wang may be in poor health(同) =Maybe Mr. Wang is unhealthy14. 四看二听seesee sb. do经常做/全过程see sb. doing正在做noticenotice sb. do经常做/全过程notice sb. doing正在做watchwatch sb. do经常做/全过程watch sb. doing正在做look atlook at sb. dolook at sb. doing看见某人经常做看见某人正在做hearhear sb. do经常做/全过程hear sb. doing正在做listen tolisten to sb. do经常做/全过程listen to sb. doing正在做-考：I heard a boy crying(cry) 【when I walked through the forest.】-考：He noticed the man stealing(steal) money, 【when he walked by.】-考：He often notice some boys play(play) on the ground.-考：Did you see the poster on the notice(告示牌)？-考：Look at the child _ in the corner. Lets go and help him. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried-考：Look there. You can see some boys _ football. A. to play B. play C. played D. playing-考：（2014轴二中九年级第一次大练习）Does she like singing English songs?Yes, she _ to sing English songs in her room.时态：一般现在语态：被动合并：一般现在被动：主 am/is/are V3A. often hears B. is often heardC. often heard D. is hearing-考：He sees a boy _ basketball with his friends now. A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing-考：He likes watching the children _ football. A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays15. get-got-gotget n adj.I cant get the pronunciation right.get sth done=have sth doneYou should get the car repaired=You should have the car repairedget sb. to doIll get him to do the work.get双宾人物=物for人get/make/buy/cook/draw三种到达get to +地点arrive in+大 arrive at+小reach +地点get into trouble惹麻烦、陷入麻烦 Nobody likes to get into trouble.get into trouble with陷入带来的麻烦 He often gets into trouble with his teacher.get on上车(大) get off下车(大) get into上车(小) get out of下车(小)-考：You should get the clock repaired(repair) get sth done-考：He often gets into trouble with his parents-考：I cant get the pronunciation _. get n adj.A. right B. rightlyC. wrong D. wrongly-考：Youd better get your hair _. Its too long. get sth doneA. cut B. cutsC. cutting D. to cut-考：The old man lets her clean his room once a week by her. =The old man gets his room cleaned once a week by her.-考：（2012广东珠海文园中学期中） Lily isnt allowed to have her ears _. A. pierce B. piercing C. pierced D. to pierce-考：He got into his fathers car and drove away.16. expect kspekt期待Vexpect expect (not) to doexpect sb. to doexpect【that】adj.expected期待的、期待中的反unexpected 想不到的/料不到的/意外的句expectation期待/预期-考：We all expect to see(see) you again. expect to do-考：Liu Jie expects to be a player like Jeremy Lin.(期待成为) expect to do-考：（2013山东青岛中考） You look sad. What has happened? Everyone _ us to win the match, but we lost. A. expects B. expected C. hopes D. hoped hope to do/hope从句 没有hope sb.句型-考：（2011山东菏泽） Mary is tired of learning because she is _ to do better than she can, both at school and at home. A. thought B. expected C. hoped D. helped-考：His death was (totally) unexpected(意想不到的) 系 adj.-考：The result was unexpected(出乎意料的) 系 +adj.and nobody believed it.17. climbVclimb 爬He can climb the tree easily.nclimber攀登者He likes climbing mountains. He is a climber.18. mean 意思Vmean 意思nmeaning意思adj.meaningful有意义的adj.meaningless毫无意义的nmeans方式、方法-考：What does this word mean?-考：What do you think【this word means】?-考：Whats the meaning of this word?-考：Many things in my life are meaningful to me. -考：（2014湖北宜昌天问学校期中）I think【the movie Badges of Fury(不二神探) is funny.】I dont think so. I think its _.A. fantastic B. wonderfulC. enjoyable D. meaningless19. decide conclude(V总结)conclusionVdecideHe decided to fly to London.ndecisionHe made a decision to fly to London固decide to do-decide not to do= make a decision to do=make up ones mind to do=decide on/upon +名词 depend on/upon-考：I decided to buy the red shoes. =I made a decision to buy the red shoes. =I decided on the red shoes.-考：Its hard for you to make a decision (decide)-考：David made a _ that he would study abroad. A. mistake B. decision C. decide D. adviceU-考：Because of the bad weather, they decided _ there. A. not go B. not to go C. go D. to go-考：They decided to travel(travel) Beijing , but at last they decided on Shanghai.-考：(2013安徽安庆六校期中联考) Did you decide _ a bicycle to school? A. by B. riding C. to by D. to ride-考：（2014河南安阳六十三中期中） Its rainy outside, so we decide _ at home and watch TV. A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay-考：Andy has decided to be a scientist when he grows up. Andy has made a decision to be a scientist when he grows up.-考：（2012山西） Dear, you need to _ by next week, to go to university at home or go abroad. You are going to eighteen. OK, mum. I am considering it. A. make an appointment with预约 B. make a suggestion 建议 C. make a decision 决定20. control-controlled-controlledkntrl Vcontrol控制The government couldnt control the price of the houses. ncontrolbe in/under control (of)控制A teacher must be in control of his class.be out of control (of)失去控制The fire was out of control.-考：You should learn to control your feelings.-考：He was _ control of a small company. A. for B. in C. to D. on21. use的简单用法 前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：He used to be fat, but now he is used to getting (get) thin. -考：He _ in Beijing. A. is used to live B. is used to living C. used to live D. used to living前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：I used to get up late, but now I get used to getting (get) up early.前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：They used to listen to rock music, but now they are used to listening (listen) to pop music.前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：My brother _ play basketball. But now he likes playing baseball. A. used to B. is used to C. is used for D. was used to-考：They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 过去(的样子)前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：Excuse me, whats this for? Its a cleaner and it _ to pick up dirt A. uses B. is used C. is using D. used前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：There _ a river near my hometown. Now it is dry. A. is B. used to C. used to be D. be前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：Tina isnt so short as she _. She is much taller. A. is B. used C. would be D. used to be前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：（2013四川雅安） My parents _ getting up early on weekdays. A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：He used to be fat, didnt he/usednt he? 前肯 后助否前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：Mike used to watch TV. (否) Mike didnt use to watch TV. Mike usednt to watch TV-考：What did your father use to be? （过去是什么样）-考：He used to live (live) in London.前后不加：过去常常used to do 前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：Tony used to have long hair.(一般疑问) Did Tony use to have long hair?-考：They used to play soccer. They used to play soccer, didnt they/usednt they?-考：The old man used to be a soldier. =The old man was a soldier in the past.前后不加：过去常常used to do 否定可以是didnt +V原 也可以usedntused to do=过去式+in the past前后都加：现在常常be/get used to doing 加前不加后：被动be used to dobe used for Ving-考：She used to do exercise in the morning She didnt use to do exercise in the morning.-考：（2014北京顺义木林中学第二次月考） Rooney used to _ late for school. Yes, but now she is used to _ up early. A. be, get B. being, getting C. being, get D. be, getting-考：（2013安徽桐城黄冈初中月考） He used to _ in the morning, but now he is used to _ at night. A. reading, read B. read, read C. reading, reading D. read, reading-考：（黑龙江龙东） She _ live with her grandparents, but she doesnt now. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to-考：_ you _ go to school by bike? A.