陕西省基层农技推广服务体系建设项目改革与建设情况总结.doc

陕西省基层农技推广服务体系建设项目改革与建设情况汇报近年来，陕西省农技推广总站坚持以农业结构战略性调整为主线，以农技推广机制创新和技术创新为动力，以农业增效、农民增收为目的，以强化技术服务为工作切入点，积极开展基层农技推广体系改革与建设、运行机制创新、科技培训及重大实用技术的配套集成为主要内容的农技推广工作，为全省农业经济持续健康发展提供了强有力的技术支撑。现将有关情况汇报如下：一、陕西省基层农技推广服务体系建设项目现状2009年以来，在全国农技中心的大力支持和省农业厅的正确领导下，我省从理顺管理体制、创新运行机制入手，全面复制推广“平利模式”（所谓“平利模式”，可以概括为5句话：核心是“三权归一、服务公益性、装备和素质、机制和体制”；重点是农业技术推广主要依托物化平台和虚拟平台；关键是推广模式要创新；要害是农技人员实行动态轮岗和系统培训的双轮对接；目标是构建多元发展，公益性机构、营利性机构和非营利性机构为主体共同组合为基层农业社会化服务体系。），积极推进基层农技推广体系改革，努力提升综合服务能力。截止今年4月底，11个市、104个农业县区全面完成了改革任务，共建成省、市、县、乡农技推广机构1600多个，职工接近2万人。二、采取的主要做法及成效（一）抓体制创新，稳步推进基层农技体系改革与建设一是抓基层农技推广体系改革。针对前期改革整体推进缓慢的问题，2011年7月5日，省委、省政府在平利县召开了全省基层农技推广体系改革推进会，原省委副书记王侠、副省长祝列克出席会议并作了重要讲话，要求各地要准确把握基层农技推广体系改革的目的和要求，加快推进基层农技推广体系改革。省农业厅成立了以杨效宏副厅长为组长的基层农业技术推广体系改革与建设工作领导小组，并组建4个督查组，从去年9月至今年3月份，先后4次对改革进度缓慢的市、县进行督导。二是抓基层中心区域站建设。按照精简县级、撤销乡镇站、组建区域站的思路，将原有的23个乡镇农技站整合设置区域站，形成了“管理在县级、服务在基层”的运作模式。管理体制上，区域站隶属于县农技中心，作为县农技中心的派出机构；工作职能上，农技人员从繁杂的乡镇行政工作中解脱出来，专职从事辖区内的技术推广工作；经费保障上，区域站的经费全部纳入当地县级财政预算；人员构成上，由原县乡农技人员竞聘组成，保证了人员素质。同时，按照“改革到位、先建后补”的原则，我省于2011年正式启动了区域站条件建设项目，先后整合中、省资金约1.8亿元用于690个乡镇（区域）站的基础设施、功能配套和服务能力等方面的条件建设。三是抓农技推广管理体制建设。针对新阶段农技推广机构职能和特点，制定机构管理制度、工作考评制度、人员录用制度和轮岗激励机制。根据不同岗位特点，科学合理量化考核指标，把单位民主评议与服务区域内基层、科技示范户和农民群众对农技人员评价有机结合起来，把专业理论研究成果与一线实践活动成效密切联系起来，把为民服务意识强弱与实际工作能力高低合理统一起来，对现有农技人员进行严格规范的考核，淘汰不适合搞推广且顶编占岗的人员。强化动态管理，实行农技人员跨级、跨区域流动机制，健全业务考核和工作激励机制，提高一线人员待遇等措施，引导鼓励农技人员到基层推广机构工作。（二）抓机制创新，建立高效、科学的农技推广新机制在推广方式上，整合农技、种子、土肥、植保等方面资源，建立多元化投资的大规模、标准化科技示范方田，并逐步由以户为核心扩展到以村为单元，形成了以农业示范园区、科技示范田为载体的集试验示范、科技培训、成果展示为一体的物化平台，带动提升主导品种和主推技术到位率达到95%以上。在推广方法上，将基层农技推广机构从“大包大揽、不堪重负”的窘境中解脱出来，扶持和引导长安区长丰土地托管公司、泾阳键潍粮食专业合作社、澄城丰旺农机农民专业合作社等各种经济成份的社会力量加入到农技推广中来，构建了以国家公益性农技推广机构为主体，科研院所、企业和农民专业合作社广泛参与的多元化农技推广体系。在运行机制上，通过粮食高产创建、百万亩设施蔬菜工程等重大项目实施，加强农、科、教等部门间的合作，鼓励农技人员带着问题到科研院校研修深造，科研院校的专家、教授则带着课题到示范田验证成果，成功探索出了“行政推动、项目带动、技术集成、企业参与、专家领军、农技唱戏”的运行机制，实现了多种有利因素优势互补，多种力量合作共赢。（三）抓技术创新，加速科技成果转化在加大新品种、新技术引进、试验与推广的同时，根据我省南北狭长，生态类型多样的特点，突出关中、渭北、陕北、陕南四大粮食主产区，加强对传统生产技术的改造集成，组装形成了十大粮油作物主推技术。并结合粮油作物高产创建、“四百”示范工程（即关中灌区百万亩小麦玉米高效超吨粮示范工程、渭北百万亩春玉米旱作高产示范工程、陕南百万亩优质稻油丰产示范工程和陕北百万亩马铃薯高产示范工程”）等项目的实施，以此带动十大技术推广应用。（四）抓科技培训，提高科技人员素质从提高农技人员的科技素质角度入手，狠抓了技术培训工作。一是加强农技师资培训。结合重大项目实施，由省站组织对市、县农技人员进行师资培训，然后按照市、县、乡、科技示范户到农户的逐级培训形式，带动科技成果的快速应用。二是开展农技推广能力提升试点。以转变农技推广理念和方法为核心，以提升农技推广服务质量和效果为目标，在泾阳、城固、蒲城3县9个村开展农技推广能力试点。依托农民专业合作社纽带，围绕小麦、玉米、水稻、设施蔬菜、苹果、酥梨、元胡等7个主导产业，组建不同作物农民技术小组，引导群众自己从生产实际中寻找问题、自主思考问题、相互探讨问题，充分调动农民群众参与农技推广的主观能动性，收到了良好的效果。三是开展农技体系培训年活动。我厅把2012年确定为全省农技体系培训年，整合2000万元，以市县乡三级体系为重点，按照“532”机制（即省、市、县逐级培训比例为5:3:2）和“纵横联动、教训结合、论坛讲评、技能比武、交流协作、三位一体”模式，围绕多个专题，对基层农技人员开展全方位、多层次、立体式培训，力争1年内把全省农技人员全部轮训一遍，每3年轮训一次。目前，省、市、县已举办培训班46期，培训农技人员6100人。（五）抓信息化建设，发挥快捷畅通优势把虚拟平台建设作为促进科技传播的一条重要途径，加快与农技信息网、电子务农、农技110联网，与电视、广播、报刊、杂志等传统媒体实现信息共享，开发出了集网络、语音视频、手机短信等为一体的现代农业科技综合服务系统，推进了农技推广服务信息化。截止目前，全省104个农业县全部开通了农技110，66%的农技推广机构开设了“农技信息网”或在当地农业信息网上设有“农技推广”栏目，使农民朋友更快捷、更迅速地从互联网上捕捉有益信息，更好地服务农业生产。省站在抓好“陕西农技信息网”、陕西农技推广杂志等服务平台的同时，结合水稻、油菜高产创建活动，与联通、移动两大通讯运营商合作，免费为示范区群众发送技术服务短信，大大提高了技术指导的针对性和时效性。三、存在的主要问题（一）部分地区认识不高推动不力。自我省开展基层农技推广体系改革与建设工作以来，省上多次下发文件，召开专题会议，安排部署全省基层农技体系改革与建设工作，但大部分县区对基层农技体系改革与建设的重要性、紧迫感认识不到位，文件上落实快，人员、经费等到位慢的问题仍然存在，“等、看”情绪严重，工作没有没有主动性和开拓性。（二）地方财力投入严重不足。陕西是全国经济相对落后省份，仅国家贫困县达50个，占全省农业县的近一半，地方财政收入较低，没有能力对农业，特别是对农技推广进行大量投入，农技人员待遇较差，办公条件落后。而地方财力状况好的地区，当地政府对农业的重视程度又不够，投入不足，从而导致农技推广体系建设滞后、科技成果转化缓慢。（三）人员断层和知识老化问题严重。近年来，受经济、编制等方面限制，许多农业院校毕业生进不来或者是不愿意到基层农技部门工作，加之现有人员中，中专以下学历人员占编制内人员数的44.9%，初级职称以下的占72.8%，接受培训和再教育的机会很少，导致科技人员知识老化，观念陈旧，很难适应现代农业生产发展对新技术的要求。附：2012年基层农技推广服务体系建设项目投资情况表、仪器采购情况表2012年基层农技推广服务体系建设项目投资情况表序号地点建设性质本批投资（万元）乡镇站区域站总投资中央投资地方配套新建改建新建改建全省(共690个)2662049212821684180463638西安751214140511702351长安32136113232临潼23204170343蓝田35324270544灞桥21132110225高陵12120100206周至21132110227阎良43189157328户县2216814028宝鸡3726310221218393739金台21111671392810渭滨321361132311陈仓843322765612岐山3142572144313扶风141921603214眉县442121763615陇县442121763616千阳211119992017麟游431891573218凤县4412602164419太白3213611323咸阳272214212739228345620渭城4322612174421礼泉252762304622旬邑33122792324723彬县543422855724兴平232041703425秦都12111601332726长武884233527127武功232041703428泾阳24133042564829永寿13025530三原321225621343渭南241116212497207941831临渭8413803166432华县1121501252533潼关3312071723534蒲城311801503035大荔232041703436澄城32122562134337合阳131561302638韩城232041703439富平342882404840白水9234243537141华阴148408铜川13284834028142耀州2152742284643印台131561302644王益1153449榆林12424182252187637645榆阳11211851543146神木11222211843747府谷11222211843748定边11211851543149靖边121261052150横山1221981653351绥德1221981653352米脂1221981653353佳县1131861553154吴堡1211621352755清涧131741452956子洲12219816533延安382411102580214643457延长2232642204458延川521961633359甘泉321361132360子长22111901583261安塞21111671392862志丹22106881863富县23122492074264黄陵21122031693465宝塔71515094248566黄龙331591322767洛川442121763668吴起4318915732汉中66673514292359169汉台673402835770洋县884233527171勉县994763968072西乡894463717573略阳884233527174宁强994763968075留坝442121763676镇巴1095064218577佛坪4421217636安康181077364013378汉滨321361132379汉阴22106881880石泉115344981宁陕13125682紫阳31113941983岚皋115344984平利392751785镇坪2183691486旬阳2183691487白河123194商洛353210263199266353688商州66245574649389洛南44244523767690丹凤44234163467091商南21253592996092山阳65175944959993镇安994763968094柞水43133452875895杨凌130255与去年相比，区域站100个，乡镇站40个，在数量上大大增加，各区域站与乡镇站各司其职专管其辖区农技推广工作。2012年基层农技推广服务体系建设项目仪器采购情况表仪器名称品牌型号单位数量土壤养分速测仪托普TPY-6A台132土壤墒情速测仪托普TZS-2Y台132农药残留速测仪托普NY-8D台132病虫测报灯托普TPCB-II-C台132病虫调查统计器托普TPTJ-2台132双目解剖镜个132孢子捕捉器托普TPBZ-1台132微型面包车台132土壤原位盐份速测仪托普TZS-ECW台96土壤水势测定仪托普TRS-II台96植物营养测定仪托普TYS-3N台96土壤紧实度仪托普TJSD-750台96农业气象监测仪托普NL-GPRS台96仪器采购费用的中央补助标准均按照陕发改农经（2012）478号规定执行目前已有两百多个站点各配置已初步到位。English is the most widely spoken language in the history of our planet, used in some way by at least one out of every seven human beings around the globe. Half of the worlds books are written in English, and the majority of international telephone calls are made in English. English is the language of over sixty percent of the worlds radio programs. More than seventy percent of international mail is written and addressed in English, and eighty percent of all computer text is stored in English. English has acquired the largest vocabulary of all the worlds languages, perhaps as many as two million words, and has generated one of the noblest bodies of literature in the annals of the human it is now time to face the fact that English is a crazy language - the most lunatic and loopy and of all languages. In the crazy English language, the blackbird hen is brown, blackboards can be green or blue, and blackberries are green and then red before they are ripe. Even if blackberries were really black and blueberries really blue, what are strawberries, cranberries, huckleberries, raspberries, and gooseberries supposed to look add to this insanity there is no butter in buttermilk, no egg in eggplant, no grape in grapefruit, no bread in shortbread, neither worms nor wood in wormwood, neither mush nor room in mushroom, neither pine nor apple in pineapple, neither peas nor nuts in peanuts, and no ham in a hamburger. (In fact, if somebody invented a sandwich consisting of a ham patty in a bun, we would have a hard time finding a name for it.)To make matters worse, English muffins werent invented in England, fries in France, or Danish pastries in Denmark. And we discover even more culinary madness in the that sweetmeat is made from fruit, while sweetbread, which isnt sweet, is made from this unreliable English tongue, greyhounds arent always grey (or gray); panda bears and koala bears arent bears (theyre marsupials); a woodchuck is a groundhog, which is not a hog; a horned toad is a lizard; glowworms are fireflies, but fireflies are not flies (theyre beetles); ladybugs and lightning bugs are also beetles (and to, a significant proportion of ladybugs must be male); a guinea pig is neither a pig nor from Guinea (its a South American rodent); and a titmouse is neither is like the air we breathe. Its invisible, inescapable, indispensable, and we take it for granted. But, when we take the time to step back and listen to the sounds that escape from the holes in peoples faces and to ex- the paradoxes and vagaries of English, we find that hot dogs can be cold, darkrooms can be lit, homework can be done in school, nightmares can take place in broad daylight while morning sickness and daydreaming can take place at night, tomboys are girls and midwives can be men, hours - especially happy hours and rush hours - often last longer than sixty minutes, quick- sand works very slowly, boxing rings are square, silverware and glasses can be made of plastic and tablecloths of paper, most are dialed by being punched (or pushed?), and most bathrooms dont have any baths in them. In fact, a dog can go to the bathroom under a tree - no bath, no room; its still going to the bathroom. And doesnt it seem a little bizarre that we go to the bathroom in order to go to the is it that a woman can man a station but as man cant woman one, that a man can father a movement but a woman cant mother one, and that a king rules a kingdom but a queen doesnt rule a? How did all those Renaissance men reproduce when there dont seem to have been any Renaissance writer is someone who writes, and a stinger is something that stings. But fingers dont grocers dont, haberdashers dont, hammers dont ham, and humdingers dont the plural of tooth is teeth , shouldnt the plural of booth be ? One goose, two geese - so one moose, two One index, two indices - one Kleenex, two If people ring a bell today and rang a bell yesterday, why dont we say that they a ball? If they wrote a letter, perhaps they also their tongue. If the teacher taught, why isnt it also true that the preacher? Why is it that the sun shone yesterday while I shined my shoes, that I treaded water and then trod on the beach, and that I flew out to see a World Series game in which my favorite player flied we conceive a conception and receive at a reception, why dont we grieve a and believe a? If a horsehair mat is made from the hair of horses and a camels hair brush from the hair of camels, from what is a mohair coat made? If adults commit adultery, do infants commit infantry? If olive oil is made from olives, what do they make baby oil from? If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? (And Im beginning to worry about those authoritarians.)And if pro and con are opposites, is congress the opposite of you have to believe that all English speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane. In what other language do people drive in a parkway and park in a driveway? In what other language do people recite at a play and play at a recital? In what other language do privates eat in the general mess and generals eat in the private mess? In what other language do people ship by truck and send cargo by ship? In what other language can your nose run and your feet can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same and a bad licking and a good licking be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can sharp speech and blunt speech be the same and quite a lot and quite a few the same, while overlook and oversee are opposites? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next? How can the expressions Whats going on? and Whats coming off? mean exactly the samton and unbutton and tie and untie are opposites, why are loosen and unloosen and ravel and unravel he same? If bad is the opposite of good, hard the opposite of soft, and up the opposite of down, why are badly and goodly, hardly and softy, and upright and downright not opposing pairs? If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful why are shameful and shameless behavior the same and pricey objects less expensive than priceless appropriate and inappropriate remarks and passable and impassable mountain trails are opposites, why are flammable and inflammable materials, heritable and inheritable p