选修七UnitUndertheseaPeriod2.doc

设计者王国琴教材分析WarmingUpprovidestwoactivitiestosparkstudentsinterestinthetopic.Ofcourse，beforetheclass，thestudentsmusthavegatheredsomeinformationtomakepreparationsforthisclass.Manykindsoftheirfavoriteseaanimalsarepresentedintheirvividpictures.Studentsareencouragedtointroducethemusingsomenewexpressionssuchasatanaquarium，onasnorkellingtrip.Prereadingisdesignedtofurtherstimulatetheirinterestinthetopicoftheunit.Meanwhile，studentsmayhavesomebasicinformationaboutthetext.ThereadingpassageOldTomtheKillerWhaletellsabouttwoanecdoteswitnessedbythewriterhimself.Theteachercanfirstgetstudentstoskimthetextforthecharactersinthetwoanecdotesandgetthemainideaofeachanecdote.Thenletthemscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordertoletstudentspayattentiontothewritersvividdescription，theteachercanaskthemtodoablankfillingexerciseinpairstofindoutsomekeyverbsandverbphrases.Havingdonethis，studentsmusthavehadaveryclearunderstandingofthewholehuntingandsavingprocess.Tomaketheirunderstandingeasier，theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Andthenunderlinesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.Forfurtherthinking，studentsareexpectedtoworkinpairsorgroups.Theywilldiscusstheproblemsandworkouttheanswerscooperatively，choosingareporterintheirgroup.Studentswillthinkactively，sovariousanswersarepossible.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage，studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassageinthenameofOldTomorthebaleenwhaleorJameswithasmanykeywordsaspossible.Attheendoftheclass，byholdingadebate，theteachercanarousestudentsinterestfurtheraswellasmakethemawareoftherelationshipbetweenmanandanimalsandtheimportanceofbanningwhaling.三维目标知识目标1Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart：anecdote，annual，witness，accommodation，shore，opposite，yell，pause，telescope，teamwork，dive，depth，lip，urge，abandon，shark，relationship，help.out.2Letstudentslearnaboutseveraldifferenttypesofwhales，especiallythekillerwhales.能力目标1Enablethestudentstolearntotalkabouttheirfavoriteseaanimals.2Developstudentsreadingabilitybylearningtoreadaboutthekillerwhalesandletthemlearndifferentlearningskills.3Developtheircreativethinkingability.情感目标1Arousestudentsgreatinterestinseaanimals.2Makethemawareoftherelationshipbetweenmanandanimalsandtheimportanceofbanningwhaling.3Developstudentssenseofcooperativelearning.教学重点1Readingcomprehensiontothetext.2Learningmoreaboutthekillerwhalesandunderstandingtherelationshipbetweenthekillerwhalesandthewhalers.3Importantwordsandexpressions.教学难点1Therelationshipbetweenthekillerwhalesandthewhalers.2Developstudentsreadingability.教学方法1Individual，pairandgroupwork.2Taskbasedteachingandlearning.3Quiz，discussion，blankfilling，retelling，debate.教学工具Acomputerandaprojector.教学过程Step1Warmingup1Asksomestudentstoshowsomepicturesoftheirfavoriteseaanimalsandintroducethemtotheclass.Theintroductionshouldcovertheseaspects：TheEnglishandChinesenameofyourfavoriteseaanimal.Wheredidyoufindit?Somefeaturesofit，itsdistribution，orlivingcondition.Anythingaboutitiswelcome.Whydoyoulikeit?Sampleintroduction：Myfavoriteseaanimalisdolphins(海豚)Ifoundthematanaquariumthissummerholiday.Dolphinsareverymeek(温顺的)Neitherastimidanimalsinvirginforestswhorunawayimmediatelytheydiscoverastranger，norasbeastsinremotemountainswhobarefangsandbrandishclawsthemomenttheyencounteraperson，dolphinsarealwaysfriendlywithpeople.Dolphinsandhumanbeingshavebeenonfriendlytermsallalong.Ilikedolphins，becausedolphinsaretrulyintellectual.Theycanevenimitatesomepeoplesvoiceafteraperiodoftraining.Yet，dolphinshaveintelligencedifferentfromcommonanimals.Thevolumeandmassoftheirbrainareamongthemostconsiderableintheanimalworld.Uptothepresentmoment，scientistshavetwodifferentviewsonanimalsintelligence：oneisthatofallanimals，chimpsarethemostintellectualandcapable；anotheristhatchimpsarenomorecapableofstudyingthandolphins，anditisprobablethatdolphinsaremoreintellectualthanchimps.Therefore，somepeopleconsiderdolphinsas“wizards in the sea”Whenmentioningdolphins，peoplewillprobablyspeakhighlyoftheirsupernormalintelligenceandability.Inthataquarium，itiscommonthatdolphinsaregivingawonderfulperformancebyfollowingthetrainersinstructions.Theyseemtobecapableofunderstandingwhatmankindexpressesandtakingactionsaccordingtotheinstructions.Atpresent，themajorityofpeoplemarvelatdolphinssupernormalintelligenceasakindofseaanimal.Buttowhatextentcandolphinsintelligenceandabilityachieve？Itremainstobeprobedandresearched.Myfavoriteseaanimalistropicalfish(热带鱼)Ifoundthemonasnorkellingtrip.Iwasattractedbyitscolorfulappearance.Inthehalfanhourstripfromtheshore，Ifoundcoralreefs，tropicalfishandothermarinelife.Excitedly，Iboughtsomefisheshome.Itwasmyfirsttimetoraisetropicalfish.Onemonthagomyfriendtoldmethattropicalfishareeasiertoraisethanthegoldenfish.Herwordsletmethinkofanotherfriendofmine.Heisraisingtropicalfish.Iamfeedingfourcategoriesoftropicalfish.Twoblackmarry，eightpeacocks，anothertwofishes，althoughIdontknowtheirnames，arethemostbeautiful.ThepeacockisthesmallestandisntcolorfulasIhaveseeninotherplacesbefore.Myfriendtoldmetheywillbebeautifulwhentheygrowup.SoIputtheeightpeacockfishintoasmallfishjar.Iobservesthemeverydayandisexpectingthemtobebiggerandmorecolorful.Twoofthefourbigtropicalfisheshavediedincludingthebeautifulone.Perhapsthebeautifulfishslifeisfragile.Ifitistrue，thenIdontexpectthesmallpeacockstoturnbeautiful.Ishouldntbesogreedytowantboth.Thattheyjusthavestronglifeisenoughforme.2Theteachershowthepictureofakillerwhaleanddoasmallquizaboutit.(1)WhatstheChineseandEnglishnameofthiswhale?虎鲸Killerwhales(2)CanyoumatchthesewhaleswiththeirChineseandEnglishnames？(Showstudentssomepicturesofdifferentwhales.)baleenwhale须鲸spermwhale抹香鲸bluewhale蓝鲸whitewhale白鲸(3)Whichofthesekindsofwhalescangrowtobethelargest?Bluewhales蓝鲸(about2127minlength,100120tonsinweight)(4)Humanshavebeenhuntingwhalesformorethan_A_years.A2000B1000C500(5)Willthekillerwhalesattackpeopleandeatthem？No.(6)Doesafemalekillerwhalegivebirthtoababywhaleorlayeggs？Givebirthtoababywhale.(7)Whatdoesanewlybornbabykillerwhalefeedon？_C_ASmallseaanimals.BSeaplants.CItsmothersmilk.(8)Dothekillersbelongtothefamilyofdolphinsorwhales？Dolphins.(9)Malekillerwhaleshavealifeexpectancyof_B_years，whilefemalescanliveaslongas_D_years.A4050B5060C6070D8090(10)Killersarehighlysocialanimalsthattravelingroupscalledpods(群)Podsusuallyconsistof_A_whales.A250B2050C3060(11)Howmanysoundscanakillerwhalemake？62sounds.(12)Arekillersendangeredspeciesandinneedofconservation？No.(13)Thekillerwhalesaresometimescalledthe“_A_ of the sea”becausetheyarebothveryfierce.AwolfBdogCtigerStep2Prereading1ReadthewordsinPrereadingonPage19quicklyandfillintheform.WriterAnoldmancalledClancyOccupationAwhalerStyleAnecdotesTimeAtthebeginningofthe20thcenturyPlaceAustraliaWhathappenedThekillerwhaleshelpedthewhalerscatchabaleenwhale.Step3Skimming1Glancethroughthetwoanecdotesanduseonesentencetogetthemainideaofeachanecdote.Mainideas：Anecdoteone：Thekillerwhaleshelpedthewhalerstocatchabaleenwhale.Anecdotetwo：OldTomsavedawhalerJames.2Fillintheblankswiththenamesoftherolesinthetext.(1)_was16yearsofagewhenhewenttoworkatthewhalingstation.(2)_orderdClancytogototheboatastherewasawhaleoutthereinthebay.(3)_wasswimmingbytheboatshowingthewhalerstheway.(4)_toldClancythattheywouldreturnthenextdaytobringinthebodyofthewhale.(5)_wascarriedbythewavesfurtherandfurtherawayfromthewhalers.(6)_knewthatOldTomwouldprotectJames.Suggestedanswers：(1)Clancy(2)George(3)OldTom(4)Jack(5)James(6)RedStep4Scanning1Readthesetwoanecdotescarefullyandfindoutsomeverbsorverbphrasestodotheblankfillingworksheet.Anecdoteone：Therewasperfectcooperationbetweenthewhalersandthekillerwhales.BeforethehuntThekillersaction：Threw_itselfout_ofthewaterandthencrashed_downagain.Swam_bytheboat，showingthewhalerstheway.Circledbacktotheboat, leadingthewhalerstothehunt.Thewhalersreaction：Awhaleryelledout.Georgeranahead_of_clancy.Clancyraced_afterhim.Theyjumped_into_theboatwiththeotherwhalersandheaded_outintothebay.DuringandafterthehuntThekillersaction：Apackofkillersarethrowing_themselvesontopofthewhalesblowholeto_stopitbreathing；someothersarestoppingitfleeing_outtosea.Thekillersstartedracing_betweenthewhalersboatandthewhale，justlikeapackofexciteddogs.Withinamomentortwo，thewhalesbodywasdragged_down_intothedepthsofthesea.Thewhalersreaction：Themaninthebowoftheboataimedaharpoonatthewhaleandletitgotohitthespot.Startedturningtheboataroundtogohome.Anecdotetwo：ThedangersfacingJames：(1)Hewaswashed_off_theboatandwascarried_away_byroughwaves.(2)Therewasasharkoutthere.ThehelpofferedbyOldTom：(1)OldTomwouldnt_let_thesharknear.(2)OldTomfirmlyheldJamesupinthewater.2Readingaloudandunderliningexpressions.Studentsreadthetextaloudtothetapeandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintotheirnotebooksafterclassashomework.Suggestedanswers：Collections：atthetime，witnesssth.withonesowneyesmanytimes，sortoutmyaccommodation，intimetodosth.，crashdown，yellout，aheadof，fleeouttosea，aimat，letsth.go，bedraggedswiftlydownintothedepthsofthesea，inthemeantime，haveagoodfeedonsth.，becarriedfurtherandfurtheraway，befirmlyheldupinthewater3Reading，identifyingandsettling.Studentsskimthetextonceagainandidentifythedifficultsentences.Letthemtryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongtheirgroupmembers.Theymayalsoturntotheteacherforhelp.Georgedidntlikebeingkeptwaiting.Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.Beingbadlywounded，thewhalesoondied.Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.Step5DiscussionAfterthestudentsreadthepassage，askthemtodiscussthefollowingquestionsingroupsandthenreporttotheclass.1WhyhasthekillerwhalegotthenameOldTom?2Doyoulikekillerwhales？Whyorwhynot?Suggestedanswers：1OldTomisapersonsname.Inmyopinion，thereasonswhythekillerinthetextiscalledsomaybetwo.Foronething，thekillerthatshowedthewhalersthewaytothehuntandsavedJamesmustbeamalekillerwhalebecauseTomisamansname.Foranother，thewhalerscalleditOldTom，justastheywerecallingaman.Thatistosay，thewhalerstreateditastheirdearfriend.Inthemeantime，thekilleritselfmustbeveryfriendlytothewhalersandhelpedthemalotinhuntinginthesea.Inreturn，thekillercangetpartofthebaleenwhaleasitsfood.Sotosomeextent，thewhalersandkillersaredependingoneachother.Theycooperatedwellandlivedinharmonywithoneanother.2IlikekillerwhalesbecausewhenJamesfellofftheboat，thekillerwhalenotonlyprotectedhimfrombeingdrownedbutalsowouldntletthesharknear.Theyaresocleverandfriendlytohumanbeings.Whatsmore，theyworkedasateam，whichshouldbelearnedbyuswhenweareworking.Idontlikethem.Thoughtheyarecleverandfriendlytous，theyaretoofierce.Tomygreatsurprise，theyshouldeatthefleshofanotherwhale.Icouldhardlybelieveit.Ihaveneverheardofoneanimalkillinghisfamiliesandeveneatingtheirmeat.Howpitifulitis!Step6Furtherthinking1Whatelsedoyouthinkisamazinginthestory？Showyourevidence.2Whatisananecdote?Suggestedanswers：1Ithinkitissoamazingthatwehumanbeingsshoulduseoneanimaltoattackorhuntanotheranimalevenhisownfamilymembers，justlikedogsthathelphuntershuntanimals.Ithinkthatthekillerwillreturnthebodyofthebaleenwhaleinsteadofkeepingitoreatingitupisveryamazing.ButIguessthekillerwhalesarejustfondofthetasteofthebaleenwhaleslipsandtongue.Ortheyjustwanttoshareitwiththewhalersinreturnfortheircooperation.2Accordingtothetext，asfarasIamconcerned，ananecdotemustbeanexcitingoramazingstory.Step7ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpoftheirworksheet.1PleaseretelleitherofthetwoanecdotesinthenameofOldTom，thebaleenwhaleorJames.Youranecdoteshouldatleastconsistoftwoparagraphs：Paragraphone：aboutthewriter，time，placeandwhathappenedParagraphtwo：detailedinformationabouttheanecdoteForreference：InthenameofOldTomIamOldTom，akillerwhale.IliveinthesoutheasternoceanofAustralia.EnormousasIam，Ineverharmorattackpeople.Instead，Ialwayshelpthewhalerscatchbaleenwhales.Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury，itwasIandmycompanionswhoassistedthewhalersinhuntingahugebaleenwhale.Andlater，IdidsaveJamesfrombeingdrowned.Onthatday，whenIfoundabaleenwhalenearby，Iquicklythrewmyselfoutofthewaterandcrasheddownagain.Assoonastheysawthisandheadedouttothehunt，Iswambytheboat，showingthemtheway.Usuallyweworkasateamapackofaboutsixofuskillers.Somethrewourselvesontopofthewhalesblowholetostopitbreathing.Andthoseothersstoppeditfleeingouttosea.Atlast，wesucceededincatchingit.Inthemeantime，weenjoyedthelipsandtongueofthebaleenwhale，leavingtherestofittothewhalersthenextday.Oneday，Jameswaswashedofftheboat.Theseawasrough.Thewaveswerecarryinghimfurtherandfurtheraway.Worsestill，Isawasharkswimmingaround.FromJamessface，Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyothersandattackedbytheshark.ButIwouldntletthesharknear.Whentheyapproachedhim，Ihadbeenholdinghimupinthewaterforhalfanhour.Idohopeyoucouldwitnessthemwithyoureyes.Andmostimportantly，youshouldlearnfromus“work as a team”！InthenameofthebaleenwhaleIwasapitifulbaleenwhale.IoncelivedinthesoutheasternoceanofAustralia.Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury，amisfortunedidfalluponme.Tomygreatsorrow，Iwascorneredandkilledbythewhalerswiththehelpofanotherkindofwhalecalledkillerwhales.Onthatday，IwasfoundbyakillerwhalecalledOldTomnearby.Hequicklythrewhimselfoutofthewaterandcrasheddownagain.Assoonasthewhalerssawthisandheadedouttothehunt，heswambytheboat，showingthemtheway.Usuallythekillersworkasateamapackofaboutsixofthem.Somethrewthemselvesontopofmyblowholetostopmebreathing.Andthoseothersstoppedmefleeingouttosea.Atlast，Iwaswornoutandhadnoluck.Iwasbadlywoundedbyaharpoon.Ididnothingwrong.Whydidtheywanttokillme？Later，Iwasdraggeddownintothedepthsofthesea，havinghadmylipsandtongueeaten.Iwassentbacktothewhalersthenextday.Ireallyhatedthekillers.Iftheyhadnthelpedthewhalers，Icouldhavefledouttoseatoenjoymyrestlife.InthenameofJamesIamJames，awhaler.IliveonthesoutheasterncoastofAustralia.Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury，IwassavedbyOldTom，akillerwhale.Believeitornot，thekillerwhalescannotonlyhelpushuntbutalsosavepeoplewhentheyareindanger.Oneday，OldTomfoundabaleenwhalenearby，itquicklythrewitselfoutofthewaterandcrasheddownagain.Assoonaswesawthisandheadedouttothehunt，itswambytheboat，showingustheway.Usuallythekillersworkasateamapackofaboutsixofthem.Somethrewthemselvesontopofthebaleenwhalesblowholetostopitbreathing.Andthoseothersstoppeditfleeingouttosea.Atlast，wesucceededincatchingit.Inthemeantime，thekillersenjoyedthelipsandtongueofthebaleenwhale，leavingtherestofittousthenextday.Anotherday，Iwaswashedofftheboat.Theseawasrough.Thewaveswerecarryingmefurtherandfurtheraway.Tomakemattersworse，Isawasharkswimmingaround.Iwasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyothersandattackedbytheshark.Buttomysurprise，OldTomwouldntletthesharknear.Whenmycompanionsapproachedme，IhadbeenheldupinthewaterbyOldTomforhalfanhour.Thisexperienceleftadeepimpressiononme.IreallyappreciatedOldTom.Itwasitthatgavemeasecondlife.Step8DebateThelastwhalingstationinAustraliaclosedin1978.Whalesarenowanendangeredspeciesandprotectedbyaninternationalban，butsomecountriesopposetheban.Ingroupsdiscussthereasonsforandagainstbanningwhaling.Step9Homework1Writedowntheusefulnewwordsandexpressions，thenlearnthembyheart.2WritedownananecdoteinthenameofOldTom，thebaleenwhaleorJames.PhysicalDescriptionThekillerwhale，ororca，isthelargestmemberofthedolphinfamily.Killerwhalesarelargeandrobustwithabluntheadandreducedbeak.Withtheirstrikingpigmentation，theyarenotoftenconfusedwithotherspeciesintheirnaturalsetting.Orcasarejetblackwithawhitepatchbehindandabovetheeyes.Thelowerjawandthroatarealsowhite，contiguouswithawhitebellypatchthatextendsbacktothegenitalregion.Theundersidesoftheflukesarewhiteandwhitelobesextendupwardsfromthewhitebellytobehindthedorsalfin.Agreysaddlepatchisfoundbehindthedorsalfin，theshapeofwhichisuniquetoindividualwhales.Thetalldorsalfinofmatureanimals，especiallymales，canreachupto1.8meters(5.9feet)Malesreach8.5meters(28feet)inlength，whilefemalesreach6.7meters(22feet)NaturalHistoryKillerwhalesareoneofthemostcosmopolitanspeciesofwhales，withadistributionthatspanstropicaloceansandarcticseas.Theyarehighlysocialandformstrongandpersistentsocialbondswiththeirpodmembers.Podsaremadeupofextendedfamilymembersand2ormorepodsmaycometogetherforshortperiodstomate.Theworldskillerwhalepopulationseemstoconsistofsubpopulationsadaptedtolivewithinthespecializednicheoftheirenvironment.Apodsmovementstendstofollowthoseoftheirintendedpreywhich，dependingonlocation，mayincludesalmonherring，baleenwhales，penguinsandseals.StatusInCanada，killerwhalesarelistedasthreatenedbytheCommitteeontheStatusofEndangeredWildlife(COSEWIC)andareprotectedunderthenewfederalSpeciesatRiskAct(SARA)Otherpopulationsworldwidemaybeprotectedunderspecificnationallegislation.ThreatstotheSpeciesAlthoughtheglobalpopulationofkillerwhalesisnotendangered，differentregionalpopulationsaredepleted.ResidentandtransientpopulationsoffthecoastofVancouver，CanadaandWashingtonState，U.S.，weredepletedbythelivecapturefisheryforaquariathatoccurredbeforescientistsknewhowmanykillerwhalesexistedinthepopulation.Toda