高中英语 Unit3 Back to the past Grammar课件 牛津译林版必修3.ppt

grammar usage unit3 objectcomplement subject verbagreement 1 don tkeepthedooropenallnight 2 weallconsiderhimagoodleader 3 hemademerepeatthissentence 4 heaskedmetocarrytheboxforhim 5 wefoundabeggarlyingontheriverbank 6 tomhadhislegbrokenyesterday lead in 总结 上述句中划线部分均充当 其形式有 宾语补足语的基本结构为 宾语补足语 名词 形容词 动词原形 动词不定式 现在分词 过去分词 s o o c 可用来充当宾语补足语的形式 1 名词e g theynamedtheirdaughterjenny tips 常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有 call name elect make think appoint choose find consider keep wish feel等 充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔 职位时 前面一般不用冠词 如 theyelectedjohnchairmanofthecommittee 2 形容词e g youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy 3 动词不定式nobodycouldmakehimchangehismind wouldyoulikemetocomealongwithyou tips 当动词不定时充当宾语补足语时分为两种情况 1 接动词不定式 todo 做宾语补足语 常见的动词有 advise recommend permit allow forbid order persuade get tell beg force wish want expect 等 2 接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词 常见的动词有 使役动词 make have let感官动词 一感feel二听 listento hear五看 see lookat notice watch observe 主动语态接不带to的不定式 被动语态 感官动词既可接不带to的不定式 也可接 把to还原 现在分词 theworkersherearemade work tenhoursaday themissingboywaslastseen play bytheriverside towork playing 4 现在分词e g i msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface tips 只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有 catch keep mind prevent stop smell excuse等 5 过去分词e g hewatchedthetvsetcarriedoutoftheroom lastyeartheyhadtheirhouserebuilt tips 当过去分词充当宾语补足语时 它与宾语之间有着动宾关系 即 宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者 如 ionceheardthissongsunginjapanese thissongwasoncesunginjapanese 主谓一致 谓语动词常用复数的情况 1 主语为复数名词或代词e g theteachersarerespectedintheworld 2 当people police cattle等集体名词作主语时e g thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild thecattlearekeptinhisfarm 3 山脉 群岛 瀑布 运动会等 s结尾的复数名词作主语e g theolympicgamesareheldonceeveryfouryears therockymountainsstandinthewestofthenorthamerica 4 the adj 表示一类人或物做主语 如 the blind deaf living dead wounded poor rich old young等 e g thedeadaresoonforgotten thericharenotalwayshappy 谓语动词常用单数的情况 1 可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时 2 表示时间 距离 金钱 长度 重量等复数名词作主语 表达一个整体概念时 e g twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory 3 主语从句 动词不定式 动名词形式作主语时 谓语动词用单数 e g lookingafterthechildrenismyfulltimejob todieforthepeopleisaworthydeath whenandwheretoholdthemeetingisunknown whateverwasleftwastakenaway 4 以 s结尾的单数名词 表示学科 国家 机构 书籍 报刊等名称作主语 news physics maths politics e g theunitedstatesismadeupof50states thetimesisanewspaperforthebritishgovernment greatexpectationswaswrittenbycharlesdickensin1860 5 each neither either of the 复数名词或代词e g eachofushasadictionary eitherofthebooksonthetablebelongstome neitherofthemisfitforthejob 6 manya each every either neither morethanone 单数名词e g manyastudenthasseenthefilm neitherstoryistrue morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm morestudentsthanonehaveseenthefilm 7 由some any no every one thing body所构成的复合代词做主语时 谓语用单数 e g nobodywantstogothere somethinghasbeendonetoendthestrike 主谓一致的其它情况 1 用and或both and 连接的两个名词作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 但是如果and连接的两个名词作主语 指同一个人或事或整体概念 谓语动词用单数 如果是可数名词的单数这时and后面的名词一般没有冠词 practice 用is are填空englishandchinese quitedifferentlanguages waterandair bothimportant ayoungmanandagirl togothere thesingerandthewriter famoustomanyyoungpeople themanagerandsecretary asbusyasabeeallday thesingerandwriter famoustoeveryone 2 单 复数同形的名词作主语时 按意义一致的原则 作单数意义时 谓语动词用单数 反之谓语动词用复数 这类名词有 sheep fish deer means 方法 species 种类 works 工厂 chinese japanese等 practice 用has have填空 everymeans beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult allmeans beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult was were thisshoeworks setupin1980 thoseshoeworks allsetupin1980 has have was were 3 某些集体名词作主语时 如果作为一个整体看待 谓语用单数形式 如果就其中一个个成员而言 谓语动词用复数 常见的名词有 class club company crowd enemy committeegovernment group party public audienceteamcrew等 hisfamily be abigfamily hisfamily be listeningtomusicwhenhecameback thepopulationinchina be verylarge andeightyofthepopulationinchina be farmers is were is are 4 就近原则 下列连词连接两个主语时 谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致 如 or either or neither nor notonly butalso not but 等 practice eitherthegirlortheboy incanada is are neitherhenori theanswer knows know notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother is are you heori right be youorhe toblame youorhetoblame a is isb are arec is ared are is is know are am c eitherheoryouright be 注意就近原则在疑问中的使用 is 5 就远原则 当主语后面跟有aswellas asmuchas nolessthan alongwith with like ratherthan togetherwith but except besides including inadditionto等词组时 其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定 e g theteacher with6girlsand8boysofherclass visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck nmet2004北京卷 a wasb werec hadbeend wouldbe nobodybutjohnandhelen absent be i ratherthanyou responsiblefortheaccident be a was 6 当主语是allof mostof someof halfof apartof 名词或代词时 谓语动词的单 复数形式与该名词 代词保持一致 e g allofushaveattendedthelectureaboutpompeii mostofthelecturewasabouthowtheaccidentcitywasdiscovered 1 theteacheraskedus somuchnoise a don tmakeb notmakec notmakingd nottomake2 comeon pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject sorry withsomuchwork mymind ialmostbreakdown a filledb fillingc tofilld fill 3 wearetryingourbesttoattractvisi