四级翻译0921.doc

20170921 四级翻译ASecond-handBicycleforSale【1】ThisisaclassicForevermountainbicycle,2whichaccompaniedmethroughmylastyearofcollegelifeandhastobesoldasmygraduationisapproaching.3Specifically,designedforpeoplelovingsports,thebicycleownsmanywonderfulfeatures,suchasstrongframesandflexiblebrakes,4makingitpossibleforitsownertoridefastandsafely.Moreover,itcanbefolded,whichmeansyoucanbringitintoyourdormroom,notafraidofyourbikebeingstolen.【5】Intermsofitscondition,【6】despiteasecond-handone,itisquitenewandfullyfunctioningbecauseIjustboughtitlastyearandcherisheditverymuch.7Thebikeonlyasksfor400yuan,almosthalfpriceofthosesoldonline,soitisarealbargain.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutmoredetailsofthebike,8pleasecontactmeatXX XXA Campus Phenomenon That Annoys Me MostLife in college is colorful. However, there is a phenomenon that annoys me mostmore and more college students are addicted to online games. Those games may be fun and exciting, but are very harmful to those addicts.In my opinion, there are many disadvantages of game addiction. Firstly, online games take up a lot of players time for study. Many of the addicts end up dropping out of school for poor academic performance. Secondly, addicts tend to isolate themselves from the reality. Whats worse, indulging in the virtual world for a long time, they are more liable to suffer mental problems and physical collapse. Finally, players are exposed to too much violent and unhealthy material, which is definitely harmful to their growth.In short, I cannot see any benefits from online games. Studying should be the primary concern of college students. Therefore, I do hope they can step away from online games.Dear Thompson,I really regret quarrelling with you yesterday. Here I sincerely apologize to you and hope you can forgive me.I was being immersed in my computer games when the door bell rang. I didnt open the door for you timely because I was too eager to win the game and unwilling to be interrupted. Moreover, not expecting that you had forgotten to bring keys, I thought you could open the door by yourself even without my help. All in all, in my eyes, that was not a big deal. But to my surprise, you were so irritated with my slow response that you said I was selfish, which really hurt me and I cant help talking back to you. When I calmed down, I reflected the whole thing carefully and realized what I did was wrong. I shouldnt have shown no concern about you and only focused on my computer games. I hope my apology could be accepted. Thank you! Yours sincerely,Jim在中国参观兵马俑(TerracottaWarriorsandHorses)时，很多人都会兴趣盎然。这一奇迹建于秦始皇统治时期。秦始皇名嬴政，生于公元前259年，秦王之子。他于公元前221年统一六国，建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权的、统一的多民族(multi-ethnic)封建国家。为了巩固新政权，秦始皇在各个领域推行改革，如统一汉字、货币和度量衡(weightsandmeasures)，为中国封建社会的发展做出了突出贡献。ManypeoplemayfeelfascinatedwhentheyarevisitingtheTerracottaWarriorsandHorsesinChina.ThismiraclewasconstructedunderthereignofQinShiHuang.QinShiHuang,bornasYingZhengin259BC,wasthesonofthekingoftheQinState.Heunitedthesixindependentkingdomsandfoundedthefirstcentralized,unified,multi-ethnicfeudalstateinChinesehistoryin221BC.Inordertoconsolidatethenascentempire,QinShiHuangconductedreformsinvariousareas.Forexample,hestandardizedChinesewriting,currency,weightsandmeasures.QinShiHuanghasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinasfeudalsociety.四合院(Siheyuan)是中国传统民居中最重要的形式。它数量多、分布广，并且在汉族、满族、白族以及其他少数民族中十分流行。大多数房屋采用木质框架。主屋建在南北走向的轴线上，两个厢房(wingroom)则位于四合院的两侧。家庭中的长者住在主屋中，而两翼则是年轻一代的卧室。妇女住在内院。客人和男仆住在外院。这种分布符合封建礼制(feudalregulation)。SiheyuanisthemostimportantformoftraditionalChineseresidentialhouses.Itisgreatinnumberandwideindistribution,popularamongtheHan,Manchu,Bai,andsomeotherminoritygroups.Mostofthehousesaremadeofwoodframework.Theprincipalroomisbuiltonthesouth-northaxis,andtwowingroomsarelocatedonbothsidesofit.Theeldersinthefamilyliveintheprincipalroomandthewingroomsarefortheyoungergenerations.Womenliveintheinneryard.Guestsandmaleservantsliveintheouteryard.Thisdistributionisinaccordancewiththefeudalregulations.农历腊月初八是腊八节(theLabaFestival)，在这一天，人们会喝腊八粥。喝腊八粥这一传统起源于印度佛教，在中国已有1000多年的历史。在那天，许多寺庙都会以大米、花生、胡萝卜、红枣等为原料做腊八粥。腊八粥被认为具有吉祥和长寿的寓意，因此人们也称其为“福寿粥”或“福德粥”。在古代，腊八节时每个家庭都会煮腊八粥，并祭祀他们的祖先。然后，所有的家庭成员聚在一起喝粥。TheLabaFestivalisontheeighthdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.PeoplewilleatLabaporridgeonthisday.ThistraditionofeatingLabaporridge,originatingfromIndianBuddhism,hasahistoryofoveronethousandyearsinChina.Onthatday,Labaporridgewouldbecookedinmanytemples,withingredientssuchasrice,peanuts,carrotsanddates.SinceLabaporridgewasbelievedtobeblessedwithgoodfortuneandlongevity,itwasalsocalled“LongevityBlessingPorridge”or“VirtueBlessingPorridge”.Inancienttimes,everyfamilywouldmakeLabaporridgeandoffersacrificetotheirancestorsontheLabaFestival.Thenallfamilymemberswouldgettogethertoeattheporridge.中山装(thezhongshansuit)是以孙中山的名字命名的一种服装。时尚界认为，传统的旗袍展示中国女性之美，而中山装则是男性身份和地位的象征。外国人认为中山装是政治的象征，因为其具有典型的中国内涵。20世纪20年代西方文化传入中国时，中山装开始出现。中山装是时尚和文化的融合，既有西式服装的轮廓，同时又包含中国元素。TheZhongshansuitisasetofgarmentsnamedafterSunZhongshan.Intheworldoffashion,itisbelievedthatthetraditionalQipaodressportraysaChinesewomansbeauty,whiletheZhongshansuitrepresentsamansstatus.ForeignersinterprettheZhongshansuitasapoliticalsymbolbecauseithastypicalChineseconnotations.ItcameoutduringtheperiodwhenWesterncultureenteredChinain1920s.TheZhongshansuitisafusionoffashionandculture,whichhasanoutlineoftheWesternsuit,andalsohasChineseelementsatthesametime.几千年的中国文化充实着中国梦，同时，过去三十几年的改革开放也激励着中国梦。中国梦最显著的特征是包容性(inclusiveness)和双赢合作(win-wincooperation)。这些也是使中国梦扩大全球影响范围和被其他国家的人民认可的基本特征。中国梦是民族复兴(nationalrejuvenation)的梦。它是建设一个强大繁荣的国家，给中国人民带来幸福生活的梦。中国梦需要维持稳定健康的经济发展，科学管理社会，以及有效应对外部发展的风险和挑战。TheChinesedreamhasbeenenrichedbythousandsofyearsofChinesecultureandinspiredbythepastthreedecadesofreformandopening-up.ThemostnoticeablefeaturesoftheChinesedreamincludeinclusivenessandwin-wincooperation.ThesearetheveryfeaturesthatenabletheChinesedreamtoexpanditsglobalreachandberecognizedbypeopleofothernations.TheChinesedreamisthedreamofnationalrejuvenation.Itisthedreamofbuildingapowerfulandprosperousstate,thedreamofbringinghappinessinthelivesoftheChinese.Itentailssustainingsteadyandhealthyeconomicgrowth,scientificallymanagingtheChinesesociety,andeffectivelyrespondingtotherisksandchallengesofexternaldevelopment.敦煌莫高窟(DunhuangMogaoCaves)坐落于中国西北甘肃省的一个小县城。如今，石窟壁上闻名世界的壁画已经变得脆弱不堪(fragile)。这些壁画石窟的建造横跨公元4世纪至14世纪，历经十多个朝代。一代代的画匠用手中的画笔描绘出当时的日常生活与佛教文化。目前，这些珍贵的艺术品正遭受来自干燥气候、环境恶化和旅游业的影响，处境堪忧。DunhuangMogaoCaveslieinasmalltowninNorthwestChinasGansuProvince.Nowadays,theworld-famouspaintingsonthesurfacesofcavestherearebecomingextremelyfragile.Thecaveswerebuiltspanningthe4thand14thcenturies,throughmorethan10successivedynasties.OnegenerationofpaintersafteranotherfilledthemwithmuralsillustratingBuddhismandpeoplesdailylifeatthattime.Thesepreciousartworks,however,arenowatriskbecauseofthearidclimate,environmentaldeteriorationandtheimpactoftourism.三国演义(RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms)是一部由罗贯中创作于14世纪的中国历史题材的小说。小说以汉朝末年和三国这段动荡(turbulent)时期里发生的一系列重大事情为背景。小说篇幅长达80万字，分为120个章节，共描述了1700多个人物角色，堪称中国文学史上四大经典小说之一。RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,writtenbyLuoGuanzhonginthe14thcentury,isaChinesehistoricalnovelbaseduponaseriesofeventsintheturbulentyearsneartheendoftheHanDynastyandtheThreeKingdomsera.ItisacclaimedasoneoftheFourGreatClassicalNovelsofChineseliterature,withagrandtotalof800000words,morethan1700characters,and120chapters.中国传统价值观提倡勤(industry)俭，反对挥霍(extravagance)浪费。然而近年来，社会上出现了一群叫作“月光族”(themoonlightclan)的人。月光族成员大多是年轻人。他们刚刚步入工作岗位，收入不多，但总是在月底前把收入花得一干二净，不留半点积蓄。他们知道如何购买各种各样的商品，知道如何享受生活，但却没有养成存钱的习惯。“月光族”的消费习惯并不健康，有时可以说是一种浪费。Chinesetraditionalvaluesupholdindustryandthrift,butopposeextravaganceandwaste.Howeverinrecentyears,agroupofpeoplewhoaredubbed“themoonlightclan”haveappearedinsociety.Membersofthemoonlightclanaremostlyyoungmenandwomenwhohavejustenteredtheworkplace.Theydonotearnmuch,butalwaysexhausttheirearningsbeforetheendofeverymonthwithoutanysavings.Theyknowhowtoenjoylifebypurchasingdifferentkindsofgoods,buthavenotdevelopedahabitofsavingmoney.Theconsumptionhabitof“themoonlightclan”isunhealthyandsometimeswasteful.颐和园(theSummerPalace)位于北京西北郊，是中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林(royalgarden)。它始建于12世纪，历经几百年的翻新和扩建，到19世纪末，颐和园具备了我们今天所见的规模。这座古老的园林由宫殿、庙宇、园林、亭台楼阁(pavilion)、湖泊和走廊构成，完美展现了自然美景和皇家园林的气派(grandeur)。清朝末年，颐和园是皇室的避暑胜地。如今，颐和园已集热门旅游景点和休闲公园于一身。TheSummerPalace,locatedinthenorthwestsuburbsofBeijing,isthelargestandmostwell-preservedroyalgardeninChina.Itwasfirstbuiltinthe12thcentury.Renovationandextensioninthefollowingseveralhundredyearstilltheendofthe19thcenturyleditintothescaleweseetoday.Palaces,temples,gardens,pavilions,lakesandcorridorsconstitutethisancientgardenwhichfullyradiatesthenaturalbeautyandthegrandeurofimperialgarden.ItservedasasummerresortfortheroyalfamilyinthelaterpartoftheQingDynasty.TodaytheSummerPalaceservesasnotonlyapopulartouristdestination,butalsoarecreationalpark.随着中国经济的快速发展，越来越多的农民工(ruralmigrantworker)向城市迁移，他们的子女待在家乡由祖父母或其他亲属照顾。由此，中国产生了成千上万的留守儿童(left-behindchildren)。留守儿童面临诸多困境，其中包括亲情和安全感的缺失。留守儿童缺乏父母照顾，跟和父母一起生活的孩子相比，他们身上出现了更为严重的行为和心理问题。这是一个急需社会关爱的弱势(vulnerable)群体。WiththerapideconomicdevelopmentinChina,moreandmoreruralmigrantworkersemigratetothecities.Theirchildrenareleftbehindunderthecareofgrandparentsorotherrelativesinthecountryside.Thusmillionsofleft-behindchildrenappearinChina.Thedifficultiesthatleft-behindchildrenarefacingincludelackoffamilyloveandsecurity.Withouttheguidanceoftheirparents,left-behindchildrenhavemuchgreaterbehavioralandpsychologicalproblemsthanchildrenwholivewiththeirparents.Thisisavulnerablegroupwhichneedssocialcareurgently.中国正与17个国家协商，要把高铁网络(high-speedrailwaynetwork)延伸到这些国家。这些国家大多数矿产和能源资源都很丰富。这些线路将会按照中国高铁建设标准来铺设，最高时速可达到350千米。中国承诺为他们提供技术、设备和高速列车，甚至为那些愿意向中国提供自然资源的国家承担建设费用。目前，中俄两国已经就修建跨越西伯利亚(Siberia)的高铁路线达成了一致意见。Chinaisnegotiatingwith17countriesaboutextendingthehigh-speedrailwaynetworktotheirterritory.Mostofthemarerichinmineralandenergyresources.TheserailswillbebuiltbyChinashigh-speedrailwaystandard.Themaximumspeedcanreach350kilometersperhour.Chinahaspromisedtoprovidethemwiththetechnique,equipmentandhigh-speedtrains,andevencovertheconstructioncostforthecountriesthatarewillingtoofferChinanaturalresources.Atpresent,ChinaandRussiahavealreadyagreedonbuildingahigh-speedlineacrossSiberia.在中国神话中，土地神可能是地位最低、最不被人注意的神，但它是中国人最普遍供奉的神之一。在过去，几乎家家户户珍藏着(enshrine)土地神。为土地神建造的各种规模的土地庙分散在城乡地区，吸引了大量的香客(pilgrim)。对土地神的崇拜来源于远古时代的土地崇拜。随着社会的发展，自然崇拜的色彩逐渐消退，土地神被赋予了大量的社会职责，变得更加拟人化。TheGodofLandmaybethelowest-rankingandmostunnoticedgodinChinesemythology,butitsoneofthemostwidelyworshippedgodsamongtheChinese.Inthepast,nearlyallhouseholdsenshrinedtheGodofLand.Templesofvarioussizeswhichwerededicatedtothegodscatteredinurbanandruralareas,attractingalargenumberofpilgrims.TheworshipoftheGodofLandstemsfromtheworshipoflandinancienttimes.Alongwiththesocialdevelopment,thecolorofnatureworshipfadedawayandalotofsocialfunctionsweregiventotheGodofLand,whichbecamemoreandmorepersonified.孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家，儒家学派创始人，世界上最著名的文化名人之一。相传孔子曾修五经，撰写春秋。孔子学说植根于中国传统和信仰。孔子提倡忠诚于家