英语本科毕业论文-做合格的外贸人才--针对英语专业在校生.doc

本科毕业论文 做合格的外贸人才 针对英语专业在校生学生姓名： 学生学号： 200310206048 院 （系）： 外国语学院 年级专业： 2003级英语本科1班 指导教师： 二七年五月Being Qualified Foreign Trade Talents for English Majors in SchoolXu XiaUnder the Supervision ofZhou RonghuiSchool of Foreign Languages and CulturesPanzhihua UniversityMay 2007ContentsAbstract.IKey Words.I摘要 II关键词 .IIIntroduction .1I. The Present Situation of Foreign Trade Talents Quality .2II .The Qualifications for Qualified Foreign Trade Talents.3III.The Methods to Cultivate Qualified Foreign Trade Talents5A. Advice for Universities.51. The Heuristic Teaching Method by Giving Examples.52. The Situational Teaching Method .63. The Practical Operation in the Out-of-school Practice Base .64. The Double Academic Degrees System.7B. Advice for English Majors at School.81. Cultivating Interpersonal Relationship .82. Training Negotiation Skills .10 3. Joining the Students Societies at School.13 4. Making a Career Project.13Conclusion .14Acknowledgements.15Bibliography .16攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 AbstractAbstractThe paper mainly discusses the methods to cultivate English majors in school to be qualified foreign trade talents. It is composed of three sections. The first section mainly analyzes the present situation of the foreign trade quality of English majors in school. The most obvious problem is that students cant connect English well with foreign trade knowledge. The second section shows the qualifications for qualified foreign trade talents. Only those students who have comprehensive ability can become qualified foreign trade personnel. The third section mainly researches the methods to cultivate qualified foreign trade talents. For this purpose, both universities and students should take their responsibility. Universities should change the traditional teaching methods and adopt modern ones, such as the heuristic teaching method and situational teaching method. Besides, establishing long-term out-of-school practice base and carrying out double academic degrees system are also necessary. For English majors, they can improve their ability from four aspectscultivating interpersonal relationship, training negotiation skills, joining the students societies at school, and making career project.Key WordsEnglish majors; foreign trade quality; cultivationI攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 摘要摘要本文主要讨论如何将在校英语专业学生培养成合格的外贸人才。论文主要由三部分组成，第一部分主要分析了当前英语专业在校生外贸素质的现状，其中最明显的问题就在于学生不能把英语同外贸知识很好的结合起来。文章第二部分主要阐述合格外贸人才的标准，只有具备综合素质的学生方能成为合格的外贸人才。第三部分主要研究培养合格外贸人才的 方法。要培养合格的外贸人才，这需要学校和学生共同担当责任。学校应改变传统的教学模式，采用现代先进的教学方法，如启发式实例教学，情景教学。除此之外，建立长期的校外实习基地和实施双学位制度对于外贸人才的培养也很有必要。对于英语专业学生来说，他们可以从四个方面提高自身的素质培养人际交往能力和谈判技巧，加入学生社团以及制定自己的职业生涯规划。 关键词英语专业学生；外贸素质；培养； II攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 IntroductionIntroductionNowadays science and technology are developing fast. Therefore, countries have to depend on each other. Nations have utilized different economic resources. People have developed different skills. Every country trades with other countries. China is now trading with more than 150 countries and regions. Chinas reforms and opening up to the outside world are bound to give power to the advance of her economy. In this case, the foreign trade is developing and expanding dramatically. Meanwhile the tight supply of qualified foreign trade personnel is extremely obvious. This is a good opportunity for English majors. However the English major graduates cant meet the need of foreign trade for the lack of quality. Their major-English which in itself is unitary hasnt been well related with the social demand. The foreign trade requires that the talents have not only outstanding basic language skills, but also excellent professional knowledge. Meanwhile, concrete requirements are needed for foreign trade talents. The thesis aims at providing a feasible way to train English majors in school to be foreign trade talents. The author wishes that the paper benefit both teachers and university students and provide an feasible way to develop more talents for foreign trade. And there have been many similar researches on this topic. But most of them emphasized on the teaching method to improve students English ability. Is English the only qualification to be foreign trade talents? Foreign trade talents need many kinds of abilities, such as general business competence, extensive knowledge, negotiation skills, good interpersonal relationship, etc. This paper is composed from the viewpoint of English majors in school. Its focal point is to improve students other business abilities but not only English language skills. It mainly discusses the qualifications of foreign trade talents and the methods how English majors in school become qualified foreign trade talents before they graduate.1攀枝花学院本科毕业论文 BodyIThe Present Situation of Foreign Trade Talents QualityWith the rapid development of Chinese economy and Chinas joining WTO, foreign trade talents are quite in demand after Chinas reform and opening to the world. It is reported that there should be at least 1.8 million foreign trade talents by the end of 2005, but in fact the number is less than 0.13million. There is a great opportunity and challenge for in-school English majors. However English major graduates do not meet the need of the society.Nowadays English has become one of the most important international languages and has been widely used in various fields, such as world politics, economy, trade and information communication, etc.In China, more and more people have realized the importance of English, since the certificates of CET-4 and CET-6 became the indispensable requirement for taking up an occupation a few years ago. To meet the demand for advanced English talents, many universities set up English departments. But the fact is that there are still some problems in the cultivation of qualified English personnel. Over a long period of time the traditional cultivation pattern of English majors is to develop four English abilities according to the courses offered by foreign language and literature departments. The limitations of this pattern become more and more obvious, for example, the training specifications are unitary. It requires students only to grasp the basic knowledge and basic skills of English. In those courses, the majorities are language skills courses which mainly develop students language basic training, while the proportion of the professional knowledge courses is relatively low. In addition, in most universities English has not been united well with foreign trade knowledge. Usually teachers of English departments know little about foreign trade, while the teachers of foreign trade departments are not good at English at all. And in fact the great majority of foreign trade teachers begin to teach students as soon as they graduate from universities. They have little practical experience. In this case, most of them teach students just by repeating what the books say, lacking vivid practical examples.Not only the education object is not clear and definite and the cultivation pattern is unitary, but also the setting of course is unreasonable, the cultivation methods are comparatively backward. In this case, it is unable to meet society demands.Now most of the companies pay more attention to employees work experience and ability than their educational background. For English majors work experience in school is very important, since it can introduce them fully to the employers. However, most of English majors in school lack work experience, especially the foreign trade practice. In the final analysis, English is just a tool. In the past, people emphasize excessively on its importance in ones comprehensive competence and ability. But now, the foreign trade company only needs the personnel who not only have the outstanding English basis, but also have fairly good professional technique. Foreign trade companies now usually do not employ specialized English personnel. They consider English only as an additional condition, so English majors should make up the disadvantages of their own major.In fact English majors still have some other problems about their professional ability. They cant connect the knowledge they have learnt in school with the demands of society. Generally speaking, they lack practical ability. They also lack the sense to cooperate and communicate with others.II. The Qualifications for Qualified Foreign Trade Talents At the same time, knowing the concrete requirements of qualified foreign trade talents is also necessary for English majors in school. What Hugh W. Corurn said can briefly generalize the requirements. “Modern business requires that its salesmen be business men in the best sense of the word-men who know the ins and outs of the product or service they are sellingmen who can make an intelligent and effective presentationand most of all, men who have the modern concept of service to the customer.” (qtdin 戚云芳 11)First of all, elementary business competence is indispensable for foreign trade talents, which includes: developing new clients, communicating with clients by e-mails, phones, facsimiles ,discussing and fixing orders, knowing well of external trade rules, being diligent and able to carry out negotiations independently, excellent expression, communication and coordinating ability, some extent of organizing and managing ability, being familiar with the relevant trade, products and quotations in the markets, and being professional, being in charge of collecting the information of products both in internal and external markets, and maintaining the contact with the long-term clients, developing new clients and markets, etc. The competence contains many aspects: mastering at least one foreign language, being able to listen, speak, read and write. This is just the lowest level. English is indispensable. Its better to master another foreign language besides English. Then as foreign trade talents, the major knowledge of external trade is essential, including various operation process of external trade, relevant laws and regulations. And the business competence also contains sale ability, communication ability, social intercourse ability and the ability of analyzing and solving problems, etc. Besides, knowing well customers and market is also necessary.Secondly, it needs strong motivation to deal with the business. Each successful external trade worker has his own motive force when he starts to be engaged in external trade so as to give free rein to their initiative better, and could also bravely stand up when he suffers from reserve. The motive may be different. Maybe some have strong aspiration for achievement. Some may be only for showing off their ability. Some may be for treasure. No matter what the motive is, the most important is that whether it can promote people to be qualified , excellent and successful external trade personnel or not.Thirdly, qualified foreign trade talents need excellent negotiation skills. Negotiation is one of the most important parts in external trade. If the exporter hopes to win, he must master many negotiation skills. In fact trade negotiation is a kind of talk. In the talk, both sides explain their own situation, state their own viewpoints, listen attentively to the opponents inquiry and offer his own ,then oppose the proposals and make a counteroffer, later make a concession each other, and in the end the two sides may reach the agreement. Knowing well of negotiation skills enables exporter or importer to be more initiative, to win the negotiation and gain satisfying result.Fourthly, qualified foreign trade talents must be patriotic, self-respecting and self-possessed. He is a Chinese at first then he is a foreign trade person. If China is likened to a large theatre, the foreign trade talents are the actors on the stage. At this moment, these persons stand for China, for all Chinese people. They can never sacrifice the whole nations interest just for maintaining their little profit.The last but not the least is the ability to deal with the relationship between people. For external trade people, there are mainly three kinds of relationships to deal with: the relation with customers, with higher authorities, with colleagues. A qualified external trade person should let each customer understand him. He never loses any chance just because of the mutual understanding between customers and him. He always puts himself in customers shoes. An outstanding person always submits his problems and suggestions to his chief and then poses his own means. With his colleagues, he often communicates with what he has learnt from his work, put forward advice for good intentions and tries his best to get well along with his colleagues.III.The Methods to Cultivate Qualified Foreign Trade TalentsA. Advice for Universities In consideration of the present situation of English majors in school, which has been referred to in the first part of the paper, universities should adopt some measures to improve students ability. There are four pieces of advice:1. The Heuristic Teaching Method by Giving ExamplesNo matter the example has been a successful or failed one, it is precious experience from practice, which contains profound truth and is slightly more persuasive and pragmatic. As far as this teaching method, example teaching belongs to heuristic teaching methods. In the teaching, teachers and students can discuss freely with each other, and also they can ponder independently. The teacher can question the students, in reverse, students can also question the teacher. The students can learn to seek knowledge, and to acquire the habit of pondering. They can learn the ability of analyzing and solving problems. All of these are the composition parts of practice ability.2. The Situational Teaching MethodIn this case, various possible concrete circumstances are drawn into the classroom and students participate in teaching actively and grasp the knowledge in the process. The concrete method is to adopt inviting pattern. Universities invite the experts and enterprisers as supervisors, who have the ability to give lessons and have business practice experience and can speak English fluently, to participate business English learning and direct students.Situation teaching refers to imitating the real circumstances, utilizing multimedia facilities ,acting roles，and letting students join in the real operating processThrough simulating circumstances students can feel and basically get familiar with the business process and operation. In addition, they can learn the communication skills and the ability of cooperation with others under the supervision of these experts, enterpriser and specialists.3. Practical Operation in Out-of-school Practice Bases Universities should establish long-term out-of-school practice bases and establish contact with relevant units, such as Customs. Students go to foreign trade company and export-oriented enterprises to practice in batches, which can develop their ability well. The practice contents contain visiting factories, translating business English data such as contracts, facsimile, e-mail, participating in quotation, commodity inspecting, foreign exchange payment and goods transportation.Through participation by themselves, students can know more about enterprise and operation of business English process. And they can find out problems and then raise the methods to solve the problems according to business reality of enterprise, which can make the theory learning and reality of business English unite well. It can make students feel the sense of accomplishment which meanwhile can impel students to study for the purpose of application. After the practice finishes, teachers should make a summary according to students practice reports and the problems that practice units report, and then teach students relevant knowledge so that their knowledge can be raised to a higher level.According to the three practice teaching patterns above, it can solve three big problems that exist in present business teaching. The first method overcomes the backward teaching methods. The second and third methods can remedy the insufficiencies of teachers practice ability and the lack of practice courses on the books. And through the three methods above, students can learn several kinds of ability. Firstly, students learn seeking knowledge. Affected by traditional cultivation pattern, students have got in the habit of study passively. Through those advanced examples, circumstances of teaching pattern and practice in fieldwork base, students can learn to seek knowledge initiatively and ponder independently. They can learn to gain knowledge. Secondly, students learn communication. The simulating circumstances and practical operation in fieldwork base force students to learn how to communicate and cooperate with others.4. The Double Academic Degrees SystemAs the scientific technology develops rapidly, it demands talents have diversified k