江苏省永丰初级中学八年级英语下册 Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件 （新版）牛津版 (2).ppt

unit7internationalcharities passivevoiceinthesimplepresentandpasttenses grammar n 传单 散页印刷品 handouttheleaflet 分发 提出 1 andabout80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedandcured 2 theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcenter 3 also localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations 4 150patientsareoperatedon translatethefollowingsentenceintochinese 语态是动词的一种形式 表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系 英语中的语态有两种 主动语态和被动语态 当主语是谓语的执行者时 用主动语态 当主语是谓语的承受者时 用被动语态 如 wecleantheclassroomeveryday 我们每天都打扫教室 theclassroomiscleaned byus everyday 教室每天都被 我们 打扫 被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时 被动语态的基本构成 thecakewaseatenbydaniel 2 nancyboughtabookyesterday 3 thelittledogislookedafterverywellbysimon 4 heisreadingenglish 5 thecomputerisboughtbymyuncle 6 iamwokenupbymyfathereverymorning underlinethepassivevoiceinthefollowingsentences noneofthebookswastakenaway 没有一本书被拿走 动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时 被动语态的基本用法 thetoyisdesignedforchildren 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的 需要强调动作的承受者时 mybikewasrepaired 我的自行车修好了 theproblemwastalkedaboutjustnow 出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时 这个问题刚才被讨论过 mrwuislikedbyallofhisstudents 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师 在被动语态的句子中 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者 可以由by引出 有些动词常用于被动语态 如 hewasborninnanjing 他生于南京 themobilephonewasmadeinchina 这部手机是中国制造的 注意 1 todayenglish alloverchina a teachb teachesc istaughtd aretaught2 themeeting twoweeksago a holdb washeldc wereheldd isheld3 thethief bythepolicelastnight a caughtb iscaughtc wascaughtd werecaught 4 thephotos wheniwasyoung a weretakenb wastakenc aretakend istaken5 millieismybestfriend i often toherparty a isinvitedb aminvitedc areinvitedd wasinvited6 lastyearbeijing byabigsandstorm a ishitb werehitc willbehitd washit 主动语态和被动语态的句式转换 主动 谓语 双宾语的句式转换 1 有些动词 其主动语态形式含有被动意义 如 系动词smell taste sound feel等 thedishsmellsgood 这道菜闻起来很香 themusicsoundsnice 这段音乐听起来不错 注意 还有一些不及物动词 常用主动语态 和well easily等副词连用 含有被动意义 如 read write draw sell wash cook clean等 thebookssellwell 这些书很畅销 thepenwritessmoothly 这支笔写起来很顺滑 2 在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中 动词不定式的to常省去 但是在被动语态中要加上to theclass1 grade8studentsaretalkingaboutthedifferentthingspeoplecandoforthepoor lookatthepicturesandhelpthemcompletetheirnotesusingthewordsinbracketsandthepassivevoice addthewordbywhennecessary areplannedtohelpthepoor whattheydoeveryyear 1 charityactivities plan tohelpthepoor arehandedouttopeople leaflets handout topeopleinthestreet volunteers inthestreetbyvolunteers toysandcds sell toraisemoney aresoldtoraisemoney whattheydidlastweek newbooks send tochildreninpoorareas theclass1 grade8students weresenttochildreninpoor areasbytheclass1 grade8students warmclothes collect forpoorpeople werecollectedforpoorpeople acharityshow hold thestudents union washeldbythestudents union amyanddanielaretalkingaboutcharities completetheirconversationwiththewordsinbracketsusingthepassivevoice amy i mreadingabookaboutoxfam daniel really pleasetellmeaboutit amy ok oxfam setup intheukin1942 andthefirstoxfamshop open in1948 nowithasabout15 000shopsinallovertheworld alotofthings sell inoxfamshops includingbooks themoney use byoxfamtohelppoorpeople wassetup wasopened aresold isused daniel that sgood therearealsosomecharityprojectsinchina oneofthem call projecthope it start in1989 withitshelp millionsofpoorchildrenalloverthecountry give basiceducation iscalled wasstarted aregiven amy yea manyschools build inpoorareaseachyear arebuilt exercises 把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态 或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态 1 tomeoftenhelpsjennywhensheisintrouble jennyisoftenhelpedbytomwhensheisintrouble 2 iboughtacomputerlastweek acomputerwasboughtbymelastweek 3 thewholecakewaseatenbyeddieyesterday eddieatethewholecakeyesterday 4 manytreesareplantedbystudentsandteacherseveryyear studentsandt