初中定语从句.doc

定语从句定语从句是在主从复合句中修饰某个名词或代词句子，它在句中作定语。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.我认识那个正坐在树下的女孩。引导词先行词从句(定语从句)Thisisthemostinterestingbookthathehaseverread.这是他所读过的书中最有趣的一本。引导词先行词从句(定语从句)考点1：先行词是人时引导词的选用(1).先行词是人，引导词后紧跟动词时用who或that.如：Herecomesthemanwho(that)wantstoseeyou.想见你的那个人来了。(先行词是theman,引导词后紧跟动词wants,故引导词用who/that)(2).先行词是人，引导词后紧跟的不是动词时要用who,whom,that.如：Thisisthepersonwhom(who,that)youarelookingfor.这正是你要找的人。(先行词是theperson,引导词后紧跟的是you,不是动词,故引导词可用who/whom/that)考点2：先行词是物时引导词的选用(1).先行词是物时，一般情况下引导词可以用which或that.如：Marylikemusicthat(which)isquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢安静柔和的音乐。(先行词是music,引导词可用which/that)Thefilmwhich(that)wesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.我们昨晚看的电影非常有趣。(先行词是film,引导词可用which/that)。HaveyouwrittendowneverythingthatMr.Linhassaid?你写下林先生所说的每样东西了吗？Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.能做的所有事情都己经做了。ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.我能为你做的事几乎没有了。.当先行词由以下词修饰时，引导词只用that.这些词有：only,very,thesame,thelast,all,any,some,no,little,few等。如：ThatistheverydressthatIwanttobuy.那正是我要买的裙子。EnglishistheonlysubjectthatIlike.英语是我唯一喜欢的科目。CleaningtheroomagainisthelastthingthatIcandoforyou.再次打扫房间是我能为你做的最后一事。.当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，引导词只用that.ThisisthefifthschoolthatIhavetaughtsofar.这是我目前为止教过的第5所学校。Mr.LisclassisthemostinterestingonethatIhaveeverhad.李老师的课是我上过的最有趣的课。.当先行词有人又有物时，只能用that。如：Canyourememberthewriterandhisbooksthatwehavereported?拓展知识考点3：先行词是时间，地点，原因时引导词的选用(1).先行词是时间,地点，原因并在从句中作状语时,引导词分别用when,where,why,也可以用介词+which结构。如：Iwantedtoknowthedaywhenhewasborn.=Iwantedtoknowthedayonwhichhewasborn.我想知道他出生在哪一天。Hestilllovedtheschoolwherewestudiedtogethertwoyearsago.=Hestilllovedtheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogethertwoyearsago.他仍然爱那所我们两年前一起读书的学校。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他迟到的原因吗？(2).先行词是时间,地点并在从句中作主语或宾语时,引导词用which或者that。如：Irememberthedayswhich(that)wespentonthefarm.我记得我们在农场渡过的日子。LuMingstudiesintheschoolwhich(that)wasbuilt1yearsago.卢明在一所1年前建好的学校里读书。考点4：引导词前有介词时，先行词是人,引导词只能用whom,先行词是事物时，引导词只用which。如：ThisisthefriendtowhomItalkalot.这是跟我谈话很多的朋友。JackystayedintheroominwhichLuXunoncelived.杰克呆在那个鲁迅曾经住过的房间。考点5：先行词是代词时，先判断其指代人还是指代物，再决定用哪个引导词。如：Idontlikethosewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.我不喜欢说得多做得少的人。Thesleepingtigersarebiggerthanthosewhicharetrainedthere.这睡着的老虎们比那些被训练的大。宾语从句宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如：Rosesaidshewouldvisitussometimenextweek.露丝说她下星期某时会来看我们。主句从句(宾语从句)Couldyoutellmewhereheisfrom?你能告诉我他来自哪里吗？主句从句(宾语从句)考点1：引导词的选用(1).陈述句的引导词用that，常可省略。IamgoingtomeetmynetfriendsinGuangzhou.Hesaid.HesaidthathewasgoingtomeethisnetfriendsinGuangzhou.他说他将要在广州见他的网友。(2).一般疑问句的引导词用if/whether(是否)。（后有or时只用whether）Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?Heaskedme.Heaskedmeif/whetherIwouldliketoplaybasketballwithhim.他问我是否会和他去打篮球。Isitafasttrainoraslowlyone?Iwantedtoknow.Iwantedtoknowwhetheritwasafasttrainoraslowlyone.我想知道这是快车还是慢车。(3).特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。Howoldareyou?Theywanttoknow.Theywanttoknowhowoldyouare.他们想知道你多大年纪了。Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Heaskedme.HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothisafternoon.他问我今天下午要做什么。考点2：语序(宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1助动词在主语之后）HeaskedJane:“Whydontyoucome”?疑问语序(第1助动词dont在主语you之前)HeaskedJanewhyshedidntcomelastnight.陈述语序(第1助动词didnt在主语you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。特殊：.Whatswrongwith在宾语从句中不变语序。如：Iwanttoknowwhatswrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么啦。.引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。(who是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词wouldgive的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。)考点3：时态（主句从句在时态上要一致）(1).主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。“Johnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells,是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)HeaskedJanewhyshedidntcomelastnight.陈述语序(第1助动词didnt在主语you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。(2).主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。“Whenshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shallshould)(3).从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachertoldthestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。(主句用told,为一般过去时，但从句中theearthgoesaroundthesun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变)Jimaskedmewhetherthelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.考点4：宾语从句答题技巧(逐步排除法)先用语序判断，再用时态求证，如有需要再用引导词及意思去决定)如：()Everyonewantedtoknow_yesterday.Couldyoutellus,Ann?Bybus,ofcourse.Itwastoofaraway.A.howoldareyouB.whereyouwillgoC.howyouwentthereD.whyyouwerelate先从语序判断，把A给排除了，再用时态去求证，主句用wanted，是一般过去时，从句该用过去的某种时态，从这一点考虑，把B给排除了，用引导词及意思判断，她的答语是Bybus.故意思符合的只有答案C啦。2015年中考英语单项选择题汇编（宾语从句）20.Excuse me, can you tell me _?At about 8 oclock.（2015安顺）A.what time the plane arrive in BeijingB.what time the plane will arrive BeijingC.what time the plane will reach BeijingD.what time will the plane get to Beijing参考答案：C10.Could you tell me _ the Dragon Boat Festival in China?Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.（2015长沙）A.when do people celebrateB.why people celebrateC.how people celebrate参考答案：C5.Do you know _?Yes. Its on your table. （2015三亚）A. where my dictionary isB. where is my dictionaryC. when I bought my dictionary参考答案：A17.Do you know _?For a month. （2015天津）A. how long will she be awayB. how long she will be awayC. how often will she go thereD. how often she will go there参考答案：B10.I wonder _.Yes, of course.（2015德州）A.where we can buy the partsB.how often you hear form your sisterC.if I may have a word with youD.why he arrived late yesterday参考答案：C15.一Excuse me, Miss Chen, could you tell me _?It is short for the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.（2015福州）A.what the Belt and Road meantB.what does the Belt and Road meanC.what the Belt and Road means参考答案：C10.Could you tell me _ a moment ago? （2015广州）A.what were they talking aboutB.what are they talking aboutC.what they were talking aboutD.what they are talking about参考答案：C11.Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?Sorry, I dont know if he _. But I know he _ interest in sports. （2015克拉玛依）A. will go; isB. goes; isC. goes; has noD. will go; has no参考答案：D10.Do you know _?Sorry, I dont know.（2015娄底）A.how old is heB.how old he isC.how old does he参考答案：B9.Could you please tell me _?About twenty minutes ago. （2015呼和浩特）A.when did you see this kidB.where did you see this kidC.when you saw this kidD.where you saw this kid参考答案：C5.This morning my mother asked me _.（2015克拉玛依）A. why he is not hereB. where Julia went last weekendC. what time is itD. how did my brother do it参考答案：B8.Did you have a good time in Jining?Come and have a look. My photos will show you _. （2015济宁）A.how was the tripB.why did we go thereC.how we went thereD.what the trip was like参考答案：D12.Excuse me, could you tell me _?In five minutes. （2015苏州）A. how soon will the film beginB. how soon the film will beginC. how long the film has been onD. how long has the film been on参考答案：B9.Ms. Perry, can you tell me _?Africa. （2015温州）A. what the baby giraffe likes eatingB. why the baby giraffe looks unhappyC. when the baby giraffe was bornD. where the baby giraffe came from参考答案：D16.Mr. Wang, can you tell me _?will help you. （2015武威）A.what I can do to help youB.where can I get my score for this examinationC.why I need some helpD.where I can search for the information about education in our province参考答案：D15.Can you tell me _?Sure. He lives on Center Street.（2015襄阳）A.where does he liveB.where he livesC.why he lives thereD.what does he do参考答案：B15.I dont know _.（2015益阳）A.where she comes fromB.how old is sheC.when was she born参考答案：A19.Id like to know _.Maybe in the forest. （2015重庆A/C卷）A.whether we will go campingB.where we will go campingC.whether will we go campingD.where will we go camping参考答案：B20.Your book is very interesting. Could you tell me _?In Xinhua Bookstore next to our school. （2015重庆B卷）A.where did you buy itB.why did you buy itC.where you bought itD.why you bought it参考答案：C2015年中考英语单项选择题汇编（定语从句）8.The photo _ taken by my brother last week is very nice. （2015呼和浩特）A.which wereB.that isC.that wereD.which was参考答案：D3.The woman _ is the most important in my life is my mother. （2015杭州）A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what参考答案：B5.The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.（2015广州）A.thatB.thoseC.whoD.what参考答案：A14.Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends.Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication _ people like.（2015福州）A.thatB.whichC.who参考答案：A6.Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city. （2015德州）A.whyB.whoseC.whoD.which参考答案：C19.I think the first lesson _ we are learning is very easy. （2015安顺）A.thatB.whereC.whoD.when参考答案：A12.Why are you so worried?Ive lost the watch _ my dad bought me on my birthday. （2015泰安）A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which参考答案：D15.We dont like people _ talk too much but never do anything. （2015克拉玛依）A. whoseB. whoC. whenD. which参考答案：B3.A friend is someone _ says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!” （2015武威）A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose参考答案：A14.This is the book _ tells many English stories. （2015自贡）A.whatB.whichC.who参考答案：B定语从句+宾语从句练习1.Theplace_interestedmemostwastheChildrensPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear_theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday_Illneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory_wellvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Heasked_fortheviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid10Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whoisitD.whoitis11.Itthereanyoneinyourclass_familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whose12.Iminterestedin_youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which13.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster_hehaddonethedaybefore.A.thatB.howC.whereD.what14.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_Icantosavethem,A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever15.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what16.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever17.AlthoughAnneishappywithhersuccessshewonders_willhappentoherprivatelife.A.thatB.whatC.itD.this18.Youretheonlyperson_Iveevermet_coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who19.Ilostabook,_Icantremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat20.Sheneverdoubts_Icandosuchafoolishthing.IfB.thatC.whenD.whether21.Icanneverforgettheday_weworkedtogetherandtheday_wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when22.Theybelievethatlanddidnotbelongtopeoplebut_peoplebelongto land.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.how23.Iamdoubtful_heisstillalive.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.when24.Thisisthereason_hedidntcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich25.Youcantimagine_.A.whatdidwehaveawfulweatherB.whatweatherawfulwehaveC.whatawfulweatherwedidhaveD.whatawfulweatherhadwe26.Thereason_hedidntcomewas_hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what27.-Whatdidtheteachersaytoyoujustnow?-Sheaskedme_.A.whetherornotIfinishedmyhomeworkB.didIfinishmyworkornotC.ismyworkfinishedornotD.ifornotIhavefinishmywork28.Noonecouldunderstand_.A.thathewastalkingaboutB.whathewastalkingaboutC.hewastalkingaboutD.whichhewastalking29.Whodoubts_itistrue?A.thatB.ifC.whichD.what30.From_IknowofhimIshouldsaythatheisreliable.A.whatC.thatC.howD.thatwhich31.-Didyouasktheguard_happened?-Yes,hetoldmeall_heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that32.Shewanttoknow_childitwasonthegrass.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whose33.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_cars_increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are34.Doyouwanttotryontheseshoestosee_theyretherightsize?A.asB.soC.thatD.if35.Thereisan