新世纪大学英语综合教程2unit1课文详解.doc

“我原谅你”并非只有婚姻关系才需要宽恕。我们与子女、朋友、同事、邻居，甚至陌生人相处时同样需要宽恕。事实上，没有宽恕的氧气，任何人际关系都无从维系。宽恕并不是脾气好的人们才拥有的特质；它是所有关系的必要条件，也是自己的身心健康不可缺少的。有些人可能认为，自己受伤太深、次数太多，无法宽恕。可耐人寻味的是，恰恰是被伤得最深的人，才真正需要宽恕别人，原因很简单：仇恨就像癌症，会毁掉宿主。如果不尽快铲除，它就会生根发芽，使那些执意仇恨无法释怀的人受伤甚至死亡。close因为事实是，除非我们能宽恕他人，否则就永远无法恢复。伤口会继续溃烂，永不愈合。中国有句古谚：“复仇者必自绝”。对有些人来说，宽恕他人似乎是不可能的，因为他们根本不知从何做起。首先你要接受一个非常重要的事实：宽恕他人并不是件容易的事。事实上，对于我们大多数人来说，这也许是最难做到的。被伤害的是我们，却还要宽恕他人，这似乎毫无公平可言，然而这正是宽恕的关键所在。“宽恕并忘记”，这句俗话谁都会脱口而出，但实际上既简单又肤浅。一则这是绝对不可能的，二则它完全偏离了宽恕的真正含义。生活中最需要宽恕的事正是那些无法忘记的事。我们不应把这些事掩饰起来，而需记住它们，并有意不因此对做过这些事的人怀有成见，然后继续生活。这就是为什么有的时候会感到：宽恕别人，一开始会相对容易些，难的是每次你看到那个人，与他谈话，甚至只是想起他之后如何控制自己的感情。真正的宽恕不是一劳永逸之举，而是持久的情感面对。等待越久，宽恕就越难。实际上，时间不会愈合伤口，只会让愤懑和仇恨更长时间地吞噬你的内心。如果要等待 “适当的时候”，你也许永远都找不到机会。开始运用宽恕的艺术之前，你先要问自己这样一个问题：我们中有多少人在特定的场合下是完全无辜的呢？几年前，我和妻子买了一件便宜家具。最初几个月，它蒙蔽了所有人 美观、实用、人见人爱。我们认为它太适合我们家了。可时间一长，表面薄层的边角部分开始慢慢脱落。再也没有当初的效果了，不过至少它现在是以真实面目示人！事实是，不管喜欢不喜欢，在漂亮的表层下，我们都只是刨花板。因此，在我们评判别人之前，明智的做法是先在镜子里认真审视自己。我们越是审视自己，正视自己的缺点，便越愿意也越能够宽恕他人的缺点，宽恕得越多，也就越能体会到真正的满足。宽恕他人能得到令人满意的反应。我发现向自己的孩子道歉不仅修复了我们破裂的关系，也有助于缓和紧张的局面，使孩子们更容易自己开口请求我的宽恕。如果你认为自己是对的，没有办法宽恕，那么问自己这个问题：要正确，还是要快乐？要宽恕别人，最难的一点是迈出第一步 如果你已经好长时间不和伤害你的人讲话，就更是如此。但请记住，他们很可能会很高兴得到你的消息。他们也许甚至会因为你做了他们多年来想着要做的事而深受感动。但谨记你这样做是为他们，同样也是为自己，所以即便他们的反应有违你的期望也不要难过。当然，有些人并不认为自己做错了什么，或者根本不在乎，因此如果你说要宽恕他们，那只会让两个人都懊恼。但这并不意味着你自己的心里没有宽恕。实际上，这才是真正的宽恕：不再生气，不再感觉受伤，心平气和对待发生的事，继续自己的生活。怨恨越深，越不开心。如果不能学会宽恕这门“失传的艺术”，你就将永远是受害者，不仅是伤害你的人的受害者，也是自己情感的受害者。宽恕别人能让你处于主动地位。尽管宽恕很难，但不宽恕的话情况还会更糟。“宽恕我们的罪过吧，虽然我们拒绝宽恕对不起我们的人”，圣经里没有这样的话，这可是有道理的。Universalju:niv:sl a. concerning or shared by all members of a group 全体的；与全体有关的1. Some teachers are technical experts, but this is far from universal.2. There is universal support among people for free trade. 3. Agreement on this issue is almost universal.hosthust n. tech an animal or plant on which some lower form of life is living as a parasite; a person who receives guests and provides food, drink, and amusement for them 术语寄主，宿主；东道主，主人1. The worm lays eggs on its host.2. This pest (害虫) is found wherever its hosts are grown.3. The factory is now playing host to 100,000 visitors a year.4. Our college will play host to a group of visiting Russian scientists next month.root sth. out; root out sth.get rid of sth. completely; destroy sth. bad 把（坏事等）彻底根除，杜绝1. This disease could easily be rooted out.2. Action is being taken to root out corruption (腐败) in the police force.3. At the conference, China called for international efforts to root out terrorism (恐怖主义).take holdbegin to have complete control over sb. or sth.; become very strong 固定下来，确立1. It is best to treat the disease early before it takes hold.2. From the reforms (改革) that followed, a new life began to take hold among us all.3. They got out of the house just before the flames (火焰) took hold.cripplekripl vt. infml damage or weaken seriously; hurt or wound (a person) so that use of one or more of the limbs is made difficult or impossible 非正式严重损坏或削弱；使残废1. The industry has been financially crippled by these policies.2. Too much worry robs people of their joy and cripples their spirit.3. Crippled by a disease that would have killed him years ago, he cant walk or talk properly.4. The accident crippled her for life.clingkli v. (clung kl, clung) (to) continue to believe or do sth., even though it may not be true or useful any longer; hold tightly; refuse to go or let go 常与 to 连用 坚持，墨守；紧握住，紧抱住1. He still clings to the last hope and will never give up.2. The couple clung together when it was time for them to part.cling to sth. continue to believe or do sth., even though it may not be true or useful any longer 坚持，墨守；忠实于某事物1 After her mothers death, Sara clung to her aunt more than ever.2. They still cling to the belief that God created the world.healhi:l v. (make) (of a wounded part of the body) become healthy again, esp. grow new skin; become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience, or help sb. to do this （使）（伤口） 愈合；（使） （精神上的创伤）恢复1. The wound on my arm has healed (up).2. This cream is good for healing minor cuts and bruises.3. Time heals all sorrows.4. Weve seen dozens of marriages fail here and weve also witnessed lots of families healed.putput v. express sth. in words （用语言）表达，叙述，说明1. Im very glad that you have put the case clearly.2. She is how shall I put it not exactly fat, but rather well-built.3. It was a matter of balance, as one teacher put it.whoeverhu:ev(r) pron. the person or people who; any person who 谁，凡是的人1. Whoever comes will be welcomed.2. I dont want to see them, whoever they are.3. Whoever is responsible for this will be punished.have no ideainfml not know 非正式不清楚1. Youve no idea how much traffic there was tonight.2. She doesnt have any idea where theyve gone.3. Whats she talking about? Ive no idea.go about (doing) sth.begin working at sth. 着手干某事1. How should I go about finding a job?2. I want to learn German but I dont know the best way to go about it.3. Despite the threat of war, people went about their business as usual.unfairnfe(r) a. not just, reasonable, or honest 不公平的，不公正的；不正当的1. She thought it most unfair that girls were not allowed to take part in the game.2. It was unfair of him to take advantage of the situation.3. Her friendship with the director gave her an unfair advantage at the interview.shallowlu a. derog lacking deep or serious thinking; superficial 贬肤浅的，浅薄的1. His work has been criticized (批评) for being shallow.2. If hes only interested in your looks, that shows how shallow he is.3. A man with a shallow mind finds it hard to cross a deep river.for one thing ., for another (thing) .(used to introduce two reasons for doing sth.) 首先，再者1. Why dont you get a car? Well, for one thing, I cant drive; for another, I cant afford it.2. He doesnt want to come. For one thing, he is having a cold. For another, he is not quite pleased with our plan.sweep . under the carpetkeep (sth. bad or shocking) secret （把坏事或使人震惊之事）掩盖起来1. The thief wanted to sweep his crime (罪行) under the carpet.2. We knew that it wouldnt go away if we just swept it under the carpet.3. Dont sweep your problems under the carpet but sort things out even when it is painful to solve them.count sth. against sb.consider sth. as a disadvantage in sb. 认为某事物不利于某人；因某事而低估某人1. For that job her lack of experience may count against her.2. I did fail to come to work on time the very first day; Im not sure if they counted that against me.3. He is a very self-centred person, and Im afraid his personality may count against him in securing a position in our team.initialinil a. happening at the beginning 开始的，最初的1. The initial talks were the basis of the later agreement.2. I was only involved in the initial stages of the planning.3. The initial difficulties with the computer system were soon overcome.constantknstnt a. continually happening or repeated; regular （持续）不断的，连续发生的，一再重复的1. He has been under constant attack in the newspapers recently.2. There is always a constant stream of visitors to the museum on the weekend.3. Amy lived in constant fear of being attacked.eat (away) atmake (sb.) feel very worried over a long period of time 烦扰，困扰1. The thought of her mother being alone on Christmas Eve was eating away at her.2. Winning the gold medal is not eating away at me, but I would love to make the most of this.3. She has a skin disease, which is eating away at her mind. tackletkl v. take action in order to deal with （采取行动）处理，应付，解决1. There is more than one way to tackle the problem properly.2. Unfortunately, they failed to tackle the key issues.3. The problems are not serious. However, we need to tackle them immediately.innocentinsnt a. (of) (of a person) not guilty of a crime or sin; blameless 常与of连用（人）无罪的；无辜的1. The court found him innocent and he was released.2. Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime (罪行)?3. Nathans lawyer says he is innocent of any wrongdoing.Impressiveimpresiv a. making a strong or good impression 给人以强烈或良好印象的，令人难忘的1. It was an impressive Olympic Games at the turn of the century.2. Henrys school report was very impressive.3. One of the most impressive aspects of the building is the lighting.roll by (of time) pass （时间）流逝1. So many years have rolled by, but their love has remained unchanged.2. As time rolled by, the boy grew up to be a fine strong young man.3. Time rolled by and fate changed, sometimes for the good, sometimes for the bad.like it or not用作插入语 不管喜欢还是不喜欢1. Like it or not, people are often judged by their appearance.2. Youre going to the dentist tomorrow morning, whether you like it or not.3. Most of us actually do come in to work at weekends, like it or not.warts and all infml not failing to mention the bad parts 非正式不隐瞒缺点地，毫不遮丑地1. Though he has settled down in the United States and will never come back, she still loves him, warts and all. 2. Choose to accept yourself for who you are, warts and all, and share your whole self with others.3. If you like someone warts and all, you like them with all their faults.find it in ones heart / oneself to do sth.feelableorwillingtodosth.常用于否定句或疑问句意欲做某事，忍心做某事，愿意做某事1. James could not find it in his heart to tell her that her grandmother had just died of a traffic accident.2. If you can find it in yourself to make such a journey, it is a decision that you will never come to regret.3. What a poor little boy! I cant find it in my heart to leave him alone in the street on such a cold day.Movemu:v n. C a step in a course of action towards a particular result 步骤，行动1. The UNs latest move to stop the fighting in the region has ended in failure.2. Most of the board (董事会) members are not willing to make such a move.3. Shes still thinking about her next move to win enough support from people round.Upsetpset a. unhappy and worried because sth. unpleasant or disappointing has happened 心烦的，苦恼的，不适的1. Liz is very upset about her uncles disease.2. Debbie was upset that her husband didnt spend more time with her.3. Naturally, we get upset when things go wrong.reactrikt vi. (to, against) act or behave in a particular way in answer or opposition 常与to或against连用反应；反对1. How did your mother react to the news?2. He reacted strongly against their idea.3. The government reacted by declaring all strikes illegal.let go (of sth.) give up (sth.) 放弃（某事）1. Sometimes you just have to learn to let go.2. Its time to let go of the past.3. I know my son has grown up now, but its hard for me to let go.at peace (with) in a state of friendship or harmony (with); in a state of quiet or calm （与）保持友好、和谐；平静1. She felt at peace with the world and was always so happy and contented.2. The country is at peace with its neighbours for the first time in years.3. As time went by, he became calmer and more at peace with himself.do sb. wrong treat sb. badly and unfairly 中伤某人；冤枉 某人；虐待某人1. In fact, I didnt intend to do her wrong.2. He has a friend who loved him well, and trusted him, and never did him wrong in word or deed.3. If someone has done you wrong, do not repay him with a wrong.Alternative :lt:ntiv n. (to) 常与to连用可供选择的事物方式等；取舍；抉择1. I wanted to travel, but I had no money. I had no alternative to staying at home.2. I had no alternative but to report him to the police.3. You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.The article is selected from Chicken Soup for the Soul (Copyright 1993 by Jack Canfield & Mark Victor