高中英语 写作点拨系列（四）段落写作之段落的展开课件 新人教版.ppt

写作点拨系列 四 段落写作之段落的展开 核心点拨 段落的发展技巧较常用的有以下几种 按时间顺序展开 按空间顺序展开 按过程展开 举例等 1 按时间顺序展开在叙述一个故事或者一系列事件时 通常按事件发生的先后顺序排列句子 在说明文中叙述做一件事应该遵循的程序或步骤时 也常用时间顺序法 常用衔接词和短语首环节 first atfirst firstofall inthefirstplace tobeginwith等 中间环节 second secondly inthesecondplace next afterwards afterthat then later another third thirdly stillanother inaddition besides furthermore等 末环节 lastly atlast finally eventually intheend等 2 按空间顺序展开空间顺序指按物体的空间位置 自左至右 由近到远 由上至下 由下到上 由里到外 由外到里 由中间到两边等顺序 来展开段落 常用的衔接词和短语besituated locatedin on at besurroundedby nextto totheeast south west northof closeto from to above over under below between across opposite等 3 按过程展开描述涉及多个步骤 应该按照过程的发展顺序把这些步骤交代清楚 在这一类文章里常常用祈使句和不定代词 你 来表达 描述过程的常用衔接词和短语 1 firstly secondly thirdly finally 2 first then next afterthis lastly 3 afterwards furthermore moreover inadditionto 4 举例举例法是一种常见的展开段落的方法 它用典型 具体而生动的事例来证明 阐述一个观点 支持主题句 使段落主题句具体化 使文章通俗易懂 但是 段落中必须精选例子 要做到恰如其分 准确地说明问题 举例法常用的衔接词 1 介词短语 forexample forinstance bywayofexamples等 2 形容词短语 suchas such as 等 3 副词 as等 4 动词短语 takeanexample take forexample drawanexample等 对点训练 下面有五篇短文 在段落的展开方面各有侧重 请补全句子并标明属于哪类情况的展开技巧 1 iwasfartoohappythatwemadeanappointmenttovisitbeijingtogether 下周末 howiappreciatetheopportunitytobeyourguideinbeijing buti mafraidwe llhavetomakeit 下次 becausei llbemeetingmyuncleattheairport heisonbusinessfromaustralia and nextweekend anothertime willbehome 仅有两天 it sararechanceforourfamilytogetreunitedsincehelefthometenyearsago ihopeyou llforgivemefornotkeepingmyword ifit sconvenientforyou wecanmakeit 下下个周末 oryoumaymakethechoice ok 答案 按时间顺序展开 foronlytwodays theweekendafternext 2 asamatteroffact there remanywaysforustodealwithourmentalproblems 首先 wecanturntoourteachersforhelp includingourpsychologyteacher 其次 communicationisofvitalimportance whenwehaveatalkordiscussionaboutourproblemswithourfriendsorclassmates wecanfeelgreatlyrelieved 最后但同样重要的 weneedtodevelopapositiveattitudetowardsourstudiesandourlife wearingasmileisnotonlyasignoffriendlinessbutalsoacureforbadfeelings 答案 按过程展开 firstofall second lastbutnotleast 3 australia 坐落在太平洋的西部 itcoversanareaof7 6millionsquarekilometers ithasasmallpopulationofover10million 多数人靠海生活在这个国家的东部 canberra thecapitalofaustralia isabeautifulcity sydneyisoneofthebiggestcitiesinaustralia ithasmanyplacesofinterest theoperahouseisfamousthroughouttheworld 答案 按空间顺序展开 liesonthewestofthepacificocean mostofthemlive intheeastofthecountrybythesea 4 somehighschoolgraduatesseeayearoffasachancetorecoveraftertwelveyearsofrequirededucation butitcanalsogivestudentsachancetoexploretheirinterests studentshopingtobedoctors 例如 couldlearnabouttheprofessionbyvolunteeringinahospital 答案 举例 forexample 5 doyouwanttoliveinabeautifulworld soitisourobligationtomaintaintheecologicalbalance tofulfillthistask weshouldbearthefollowingecologicalcodesinmind 首先坚持步行去学校的习惯 andweshouldeatatleastfivekindsoffruitsandvegetablesaday it salsoimportanttorecycleeverythingrecyclableandcherishourschool senvironmentbypickingupanylitterandtu