分词考点PPT课件.ppt

非谓语动词之分词 1 指出下列分词在句中充当什么成分 1 arunningman awalkingboy developingcountries developedcountries fallingleaves fallenleaves2 Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom Ioftenheardthesongsungbyher 3 Theprogrammefortheweekendlooksexciting Iamveryexcitedaboutit 4 Seeinghismother thebabystoppedcrying Seenfromthespace theearthlooksblue 状 宾补 表 定 2 语态 时态 分词的时态和语态 doing beingdone havingdone havingbeendone 过去分词只有一种形式 即 done 3 1 分词作定语1 Thebuilding 正在建的 nowisfortheteachers Thebuilding 去年建好了的 lastyearisfortheteachers Thebuilding 明年将建的 nextyearisfortheteachers 2 Ihaveneverseenamore 感人的 movie beingbuilt built tobebuilt moving 考点一 分词的功能 4 3 沸腾的水 water 烧开过的水 water 正在下落的叶子 leaves 已经落下的叶子 leaves小结 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时 用 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时 用 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成时 用 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表将来时 用 不及物动词的现在分词表示 过去分词表示 boiling boiled falling fallen doing beingdone done tobedone 正在进行 已经完成 5 题组训练 Doyouknowtheboy lie underthebigtree ManyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth believe tobeflat Thespeechwhichhemade concern thefootballmatchboredalotoffanstodeath Ifthebuildingproject complete bytheendofthismonthisdelayed theconstructioncompanywillbefined lying believed concerning tobecompleted 6 2 分词作表语1 Thisisamost storyandweallfeel byit move 2 Heprovestobea boyandhisparentsareboth withhim disappoint 3 His excite lookonhisfacesuggestedthathewonthegame 小结 分词作表语表主语特征或性质相当于形容词 现在分词作表语主语多为 意思是 过去分词作表语主语多为 意思是 moving moved disappointing disappointed excited 物 令人 的 人或表情 感到 的 7 3 分词作宾补1 Iheardher sing anEnglishsongjustnow Iheardher sing anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday IheardanEnglishsong sing byalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday IoftenheardtheEnglishsong sing bythelittlegirl sing singing beingsung sung 8 小结1 现在分词作宾补 表 过去分词作宾补 表 或 不定式作宾补表 表被动且正在进行时 用 作宾补 主动 正在进行 被动 完成 没有一定的时间性 主动 完成 beingdone 9 2 Ilookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklace go Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometown change somuch 小结2 不及物动词的过去分词作宾补 只表 或 gone changed 状态完成 10 3 Ismellsomething inthekitchen CanIcallyoubackinaminute 2007全国卷I A burningB burntC beingburntD tobeburnt Afteraknockatthedoor thechildheardhismother svoice him 2007上海卷 A callingB calledC beingcalledD tocall A A 11 小结3 能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有 三让 三看 两听 一注意 一发现 一感觉 三让 三看 两听 一注意 一发现 一感觉 have keep leave lookat see watch hear listento notice find feel 12 题组训练 AtthemomentIsawhim cross theroad Iwasgladtoseethechildrenwell take careof Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound smoke inthekitchen crossing taken smoking 13 4 分词作状语1 作时间状语 ing短语作时间状语要置于句首 1 Whentheyheardthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying When thebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying 2 AfterIhadreceivedhisletter Idecidedtowriteback hisletter Idecidedtowriteback Hearing Havingreceived 14 2 作原因状语 ing短语作原因状语置于句首 1 Becausehewassoangry hecouldn tgotosleep soangry hecouldn tgotosleep 2 Because As hehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek theGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek Being Havingbeento 15 3 作条件状语 ing作条件状语置于句首或句末 如 1 Ifyouworkhard youwillsucceed youwillsucceed 2 Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter thetreescouldhavegrownbetter Workinghard Beinggivenmoreattention 16 4 作让步状语 ing短语作让步状语 可置于句首或句末 常与evenif though连用 如 Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight hedidn tgetenoughfood frommorningtillnight hisfatherdidn tgetenoughfood Thoughworking 17 尽管被告知了很多遍 thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake Havingbeentoldmanytimes 18 5 作伴随状语置于句首或句末 如 Theysangandlaughed theycameintotheclassroom Theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing 19 Whenworkinginthefactory hewasanadvancedworker Whenheworkedinthefactory hewasanadvancedworker 注意 1 ing短语与when while though until if等连词连用时 相当于这些连词引导的一个从句 如 20 2 动词 ing形式在句中作状语时 其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致 如 听到这个消息 她的眼泪哗哗流下来 tearsrandownherface shecriedoutsadly Whensheheardthenews Hearingthenews 21 Beingfine wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek Itbeingfine wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek 天气好的话 我们下周举行运动会 22 1 Hearingthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying 表 theycouldn thelpcrying Seenfromthespace theearthlooksblue theearthlooksblue Whentheyheardthebadnews Whenitisseenfromthespace 时间 23 2 Beingsoangry hecouldn tgotosleep 表 hecouldn tgotosleep Deeplymovedbythestory thechildrenbegantocry thechildrenbegantocry 原因 Becausehewassoangry Astheyweredeeplymovedbythestory 24 3 Workinghard youwillsucceed 表 youwillsucceed Givenanotherchance Iwilldoitbetter Iwilldoitbetter 条件 Ifyouworkhard IfIamgivenanotherchance 25 4 Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight hisfatherdidn tgetenoughfood 表 hisfatherdidn tgetenoughfood Beatenbytheenemy herefusedtoletoutthesecret herefusedtoletoutthesecret 让步 Thoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy 26 2019 12 27 27 5 Theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing 表 Theycameintotheclassroom Shewalkedoutofthehouse followedbyherlittledaughter Shewalkedoutofthehouse 伴随 andtheysangandlaughed andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter 28 6 Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm causingthedelay 表 Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm 小结 分词作状语相当于一个对应的 可以表时间 条件 原因 结果 让步 伴随等 分词作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与 一致 结果 soitcausedthedelay 状语从句 句子的主语 29 repair theroadcan tbetaken hear theencouragingnews shecouldn thelpdancing notreceive hisreply shedecidedtowriteanotherletter warn manytimes hedidn tdaretogooutaloneatnight keep inrefrigerator vegetableswillremainfresh 考点二 分词作状语形式的选择 Beingrepaired Hearing Nothavingreceived Havingbeenwarned Kept 30 小结 分词的五种形式作状语 用法各不相同 与句中主语构成主谓关系 且与句中谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时 用 与句中主语构成主谓关系 且先于谓语动作发生时 用 与句中主语构成动宾关系 没有一定的时间性 用 与句中主语构成动宾关系 且与谓语动作同时发生 用 与句中主语构成动宾关系 且先于谓语动作发生 用 doing havingdone done beingdone havingbeendone 31 题组训练 manytimes shestillcan trememberit A HadtoldB HavingbeentoldC HavingtoldD Beingtold fullpreparations wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek WedidnotmakeB HavingnotmadeC WehadnotmadeD Nothavingmade B D 32 Writteninahurry PetermademanymistakesinthepaperB therearemanymistakesinthepaperC wefoundsomemistakesinthepaperD thepaperisfullofmistakes D 33 Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear arecorderUS 57 65abarrelonApril4 2005山东卷 A havereachedB reachingC toreachD tobereaching theprogramme theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks 2004广东卷 A NotcompletingB NotcompletedC NothavingcompletedD Havingnotcompleted B C 34 必背短语 Generallyspeaking一般说来Franklyspeaking坦白地说Judgingfrom by根据 来判断Considering taking intoconsideration考虑到Supposing假使 如果Seeing考虑到Providing如果Saving除了 除非Assuming假使Admitting虽说 即使Given如果Providedthat如果Comparedto with与 相比 考点三 独立成分作状语 35 题组训练 judge frompreviousexperience hewillbelate judge bythelocalofficial thisgrouprankedfirst take hishealthintoconsideration hehastobesenttohospitalatonce Hishealth take intoconsideration hehastobesenttohospitalatonce Judging Judged Taking taken 36 独立主格结构 考点四 37 独立主格结构是一个独立主格的名词或代词 作为逻辑主语 加上一个分词 形容词 副词 不定式或介词短语 其作用相当于状语从句 多用来表示行为方式或者伴随情况 有时也用来表示时间 原因和条件 这种结构多用于书面语中 1 表示时间 春天来了 thetreesturnedgreen 会议结束了 welefttheroom Springcomingon Themeeting being over 38 2 表示原因 是星期天 thelibrarywasclosed 没有车啦 wehadtowalkhome 3 表示条件 时间允许的话 we llvisittheSummerPalace ItbeingSunday Therebeingnobuses Timepermitting 39 4 表示伴随情况或补充说明 Thechildrenweremakingasnowman 手通红 withthecold Ihaveboughtanewcoat 旧的破啦 handsred theoldonebeingwornout 40 独立主格结构的形式 名词或代词 分词 doing done 1 天气许可的话 we llgosightseeing 2 综合考虑 herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours Weatherpermitting Allthingsconsidered 41 独立主格结构的形式 名词或代词 不定式 明天要进行考试 Icouldn tgotothecinematonight 不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为 表示 企图 约定 等 指的是按计划安排要做的事 Theexamtobeheldtomorrow 42 名词或代词 形容词 副词1 Heenteredtheroom 鼻子因为冷而冻得通红 2 课程结束啦 wewenttoplayfootball hisnose being redwithcold Ourlessons being over 43 名词或代词 介词短语1 Thechildrencamerunningtowardsus 手里拿着花 2 LastnightIfollowedhimhere andclimbedin 剑在手 withflowersintheirhands swordinhand withaswordinmyhand 44 名词或代词 名词Hefoughtagainsttherobber 拐杖是唯一的武器 表示存在时 也可以构成独立主格结构1 没有理由害怕 hereturnedtohishometown astickhisonlyweapon Therebeingnocauseforfear 45 1 with 名词 或代词 现在分词Hefellasleepwiththelampburning Withwintercomingon it stimetobuywarmclothes 2 with 名词 或代词 过去分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked Withtheworkfinished allofuswentoutforawalk 介词 复合宾语 介词 宾语 宾补 with without like 复合结构 3 with 名词 或代词 动词不定式Ican tgooutwithallthesedishestowash Withsomanybookstoread Icouldn tgooutwithyou 46 4 with 名词 或代词 介词短语Hewalkedalongwithhishatonthebackofhishead Hesimplystaredatherwiththatpeculiarexpressiononhisface 5 with 名词 或代词 形容词Themanwassleepingwiththewindowopen Themotherdoesn tallowherchildtotalkwithhismouthfull 6 with 名词 或代词 副词WithJohnaway we vegotmoreroom 47 Thestudentlistenedtohisteacherwithhisheaddown Withtheteacherthere hecan twrite without like 复合宾语Withoutawordmorespoken helefttheroom Theoldpinetreestillstoodtherelikeanumbrellacoveringtheentrance 48 二 功能 1 作状语表示伴随情况 原因 条件 时间或补充说明 Thedayisbright withafreshbreezeblowing Withthreepeopleawayill we llhavetoclosetheofficethisafternoon Whatalonelyworlditwouldbewithyouaway 2 作定语 with相当于having 该结构可改成带有have的定语从句 Thenewbuildi