中西方文化差异(英文版).ppt

Ourtopic Theculturedifferencebetweenchinaandwesterncountries Differences Sectiontwo Sectionthree EducationEatinganddrinkingLovingandmarriage China Vs Westerncountries Sectionone Education Sectionone Sectionthree Sectiontwo Valueofeducation ChinaCareaboutthereputationineducatinginthechild Theeducation sgoalisformakingtheirliving forhonor WesterncountriesEducationisjustforsurvival Emphasize thelearnededucation Educationmethod ChinaEmphasizemechanical 机械的 memorizing Ifthebookisreadhundredsoftimes itsmeaningisshownnaturally 书读百遍 其义自见 WesterncountriesEmphasizethechild s powerofunderstanding Seekingtheknowledgefromnatureandlife Educationpunishment ChinaEmphasizereserve Onecannotbecomeausefulpersonwithoutbeingbeaten WesterncountriesUsingtheencouraginglanguage Paygreatattentiontoindividualqualityandtheemotionalcommunication Eatinganddrinking Sectionone Sectionthree Sectiontwo Thedietconcept ChinaChinesefoodpaymoreattentiontocolor aroma taste andshaperatherthannutrition WesterncountriesWesternfoodisarationalconcept Theythinkthefood snutritionisthemostimportant Thedietobject ChinaChina scuisineis taste sotheChinesecookingattheselectedmaterialsshowgreatrandomness WesterncountriesWesternersthinkthecuisineiseat soalargepieceofmeat eating wholechickensandother hardfood Thedietobject China Westerncountries Thedietways ChinaInChina abanquet nomatterwhatpurpose onlyhaveoneformthatwelostinafogsittingaround sharingoneseat AndpeopleinChinausechopstickstoeatwhattheywant WesterncountriesWestern stylebanquets friendshipisthecoreofthebanquet withguestssittingnexttotheconversationbetweenthepurposeoffriendship Theyuseknifeandforktoeatinsteadofchopsticks Lovingandmarriage Sectionone Sectiontwo Sectionthree Lovingattitude ChinaThepeopleinChinaholdtheideathatlovingisveryholyandtheythinklovingistheprelude 前奏 ofthemarriage WesterncountriesThewesternpeople sopinionaboutlovingisthat ifwearewellacquaintedwitheachother letusgotogether Andtheywillnotcontactlovingwithmarriage Marriageways ChinaInChinathebrideandbridegroomwouldinred becausewebelievetheredcolorrepresentsluckyandtheweddingwouldbehostinthebridegroom shouse WesterncountriesInAmericanthebridealwaysinherwhiteweddinggownandtheirweddingwillbehostinachurch Marriageways China Westerncountries briefsum up Atlast Isumuptheculturedifferencebetweenchinaandthewesterncountriesinonesentence Chinesepeoplepayattentionto Heaven 天人合一 Westernersfocuson people oriented 以人为本 Beyondthat whatChineseandwesternculturaldifferences 除此之外 还有哪些中西方文化差异呢 TraditionalFestivals ChinaSpringfestival WesterncountriesChristmas Springfestival 1TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeopleandiswhenallfamilymembersgettogether justlikeChristmasintheWest Allpeoplelivingawayfromhomegoback becomingthebusiesttimefortransportationsystemsofabouthalfamonthfromtheSpringFestival Airports railwaystationsandlong distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees 春节是中国人民最重要的节日 所有家庭成员聚在一起 在西方圣诞节一样 所有远离家乡的人都要回家 成为了为期半个月左右的运输系统最繁忙的时间 春运 机场 火车站和长途巴士站都挤满了回家的人 Springfestival 2TheSpringFestivalfallsonthe1stdayofthe1stlunarmonth oftenonemonthlaterthantheGregoriancalendar ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty c 1600BC c 1100BC fromthepeople ssacrificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone 春节落在正月的第一天 往往比公历晚一个月 它起源于商朝 西元1600BC C 公元前1100年 从人民祭祀神灵和祖先 在旧的一年结束和一个新的开始 Springfestival 3Strictlyspeaking theSpringFestivalstartseveryyearintheearlydaysofthe12thlunarmonthandwilllasttillthemid 1stlunarmonthofthenextyear Ofthem themostimportantdaysareSpringFestivalEveandthefirstthreedays TheChinesegovernmentnowstipulatespeoplehavesevendaysofffortheChineseLunarNewYear 严格地说 春节是指从腊月初开始一直到第二年中旬的一个月 其中 最重要的日子是除夕和一年的前三天 现在中国政府规定 人民在中国农历新年有七天的休假 Springfestival 4ManycustomsaccompanytheSpringFestival Somearestillfollowedtoday butothershaveweakened 春节的时候有不少传统习俗 有的人至今还在保持 不过有的人已经慢慢淡化了这种习俗 Springfestival 5Onthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth manyfamiliesmakelabaporridge adeliciouskindofporridgemadewithglutinousrice millet seedsofJob stears jujubeberries lotusseeds beans longanandgingko 腊月的第8天 许多家庭做腊八粥 糯米 小米 薏苡种子 红枣浆果 莲子 豆类 龙眼 银杏制成美味的粥样 6The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonthiscalledPreliminaryEve 小年 Atthistime peopleoffersacrificetothekitchengod Nowhowever mostfamiliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoythemselves 腊月23日 被称为小年 在这个时候 人们祭祀灶神 但是现在 大多数家庭做出美味的食物来过节 Springfestival Springfestival 7AfterthePreliminaryEve peoplebeginpreparingforthecomingNewYear Thisiscalled SeeingtheNewYearin 过了小年之后 人们开始为新年做准备 这被称为 看得见的新年 Springfestival 8StoreownersarebusythenaseverybodygoesouttopurchasenecessitiesfortheNewYear Materialsnotonlyincludeedibleoil rice flour chicken duck fishandmeat butalsofruit candiesandkindsofnuts What smore variousdecorations newclothesandshoesforthechildrenaswellasgiftsfortheelderly friendsandrelatives areallonthelistofpurchasing 商店老板都那么忙 因为每个人都出去购买生活必需品新年 材料不仅包括食用油 大米 面粉 鸡 鸭 鱼 肉 而且水果 糖果和各种坚果 更重要的是 各种装饰 新衣服和鞋的儿童以及老人的礼物 朋友和亲戚 所有的采购清单 Springfestival 9BeforetheNewYearcomes thepeoplecompletelycleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomesaswellastheirclothes bedclothesandalltheirutensils 在新的一年到来之际 人们彻底清理自己的家里以及他们的衣服 被褥和他们所有的器具的室内和室外 Springfestival 10Thenpeoplebegindecoratingtheircleanroomsfeaturinganatmosphereofrejoicingandfestivity AllthedoorpanelswillbepastedwithSpringFestivalcouplets highlightingChinesecalligraphywithblackcharactersonredpaper Thecontentvariesfromhouseowners wishesforabrightfuturetogoodluckfortheNewYear Also picturesofthegodofdoorsandwealthwillbepostedonfrontdoorstowardoffevilspiritsandwelcomepeaceandabundance 然后人们开始装饰洁净室 洋溢着一种欢乐和喜庆的气氛 人们将所有的门板贴上春联 在红纸上写上对联 内容多是憧憬一个光明的未来 表达人们新年交好运的意愿 此外 门神和财神的照片也将被张贴在前门 分别用来辟邪和招财招福 Springfestival 11TheChinesecharacter fu meaningblessingorhappiness isamust Thecharacterputonpapercanbepastednormallyorupsidedown forinChinesethe reversedfu ishomophonicwith fucomes bothbeingpronouncedas fudaole What smore twobigredlanternscanberaisedonbothsidesofthefrontdoor Redpaper cuttingscanbeseenonwindowglassandbrightlycoloredNewYearpaintingswithauspiciousmeaningsmaybeputonthewall 中国汉字 福 意为祝福或幸福 是必须的 通常放在纸上的字符可以被粘贴或上下颠倒 中国的 倒福 谐音 福到 既突出福到了 更重要的是 两个大的红灯笼 可以提高前门两侧 在窗户玻璃上 可以看到红色的窗花 还有可以贴在在墙壁上的鲜艳的年画 表的这吉祥的寓意 Christmas 1 Everyyearondec 25 thebirthofJesusChristwasmemorialdayoftheMuslim calledtheChristmas 每年的12月25日 是基督教徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子 称为圣诞节 Christmas 2 FromDecember24thtonextJanuary6isChristmasfeast Duringthefestival christianswereheldtheceremony ChristmasisoriginallyChristianfestivals becausepeopleattention itbecameanationalholiday thebiggestfestivalinayear andtheNewYearinwestern 从12月24日于翌年1月6日为圣诞节节期 节日期间 各国基督教徒都举行隆重的纪念仪式 圣诞节本来是基督教徒的节日 由于人们格外重视 它便成为一个全民性的节日 国家一年中最盛大的节日 可以和新年相提并论 Christmas ItisliketheSpringFestivalofChina ExchanginggiftsandsendingChristmasCARDSonChristmasdaycelebrateChristmas 类似我们的春节 交换礼物 寄圣诞卡 这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子 Christmas 3 说到圣诞节 不得不提一下平安夜 究竟人们都在平安夜做什么呢 Christmas 4 theChristmasEveChristmasEveisalsocommonlysaysChristmasEve andthefamilyreunioninthesittingroom willbearoundthetreetosingChristmascarolsandexchangegifts andsharethejoysandsorrowsofalife expressthewishandlove Inthatnightwillseeagroupoflovelyboysorgirls playingaguitar singingapoemandagoodtidings 圣诞节前夕也就是俗说的平安夜 当晚 全家人会团聚在客厅中 围绕在圣诞树旁唱圣诞歌曲 互相交换礼物 彼此分享一年来生活中的喜怒哀乐 表达内心的祝福及爱 在这天晚上都会看到一群可爱的小男生或小女生 弹着吉他 一家一家的唱着诗歌报佳音 5 说过平安夜还要提到其中的一个重要角色 TheredandwhitesceneriesisSantaClaus Heisthemostpopularpepole WesternchildrenonChristmasEvewillputasocknearthefireplaceorapillowbeforegoingtosleep TheythoughtSantaClauswillfillitwithgiftsinthesleep 红色与白色相映成趣的是圣诞老人 他是圣诞节活动中最受欢迎的人物 西方儿童在圣诞夜临睡之前 要在壁炉前或枕头旁放上一只袜子 等候圣诞老人在他们入睡后把礼物放在袜子内 Christmas ItsisaidthatSantaClauswoulddrivereindeersleighfullguildtosendgiftsforthechildrenonChristmasEve hewouldenterintothehousequietlybythechimney putpresentinstocking whichhangsontheheadofabed reward据说平安夜的晚上 圣诞节老公公会驾着驯鹿雪橇满载着礼物准备送点这一年来表现很好的小朋友 他会悄悄地从烟囱爬进屋内 礼物塞在挂在床头的袜子里 Christmas Sothechildrenalwaysstripsofcolourprofusionstockingsattheheadofabed andputacupofhotmilkbesidethesockstothehouseholdofSantaClaustothirst andhopethatSantaClauswouldsendagiftforhimself Thenextday everychildcan twaittoopentheritual wanttoknowwhathis所以孩子总会把一条条色彩缤纷的袜子挂在床头 并在袜子旁边放杯热牛奶给劳苦功高的圣诞老人解渴 并送份大礼给自己 隔天每个小朋友都迫不及待地打开礼 想知道自己得到什么奖励