新牛津八年级Unit2最全知识点(自己整理).doc

常州智睿教育 牛津8A-28A2 School lifeComic strip & Welcome to the unit 18191. Why dont/ doesnt/didnt sb do sth? = Why not do sth Why dont you give me some cakes? = Why not give me some cakes? 表示建议的句型：Why not / Why dont you How/ What about. Shall we. Lets do. Youd better do.2. have to 不得不 * have to +v.原 * have/has/had to do sth (时态变化） * dont/ doesnt /didnt have to（否定形式） * 客观原因造成 He has to finish homework before watching TV. We dont have to go to school on Sundays. must 必须 * must+ v.原 * 无时态变化 * mustnt do（情态动词否定） * 主管原因造成 We must arrive there before 7 a.m.3. like * v. 喜欢 like doing sth * prep. 像 be like doing sth / what be sb/sth like .怎么样What will your future be like? Its like being on the train.4. advertisement 可数n. advertise v.做广告5. * few / a few 可数名词 little / a little 不可数名词 few / little 否定（几乎没有） a few / a little 肯定（一些） * fewfewerfewest littlelessleast eg. He has the fewest friends of the three. Nancy has less free time than John. Kitty has the least money in her family. I have fewer books than you. 翻译：I have a few friends but few true friends. He has a little milk but he has the least. There is less juice in this bottle than in that one. There are fewer books in your library than in ours.6. British adj.英国的 n. 英国人 Britain n. 英国 7. holiday * have a seven-day holiday (seven days) * be on holiday * go to sp for a holiday8. fall n. 秋天，瀑布 v. 落下 fall down9. plan for sth 10. practise doing sthReading 20221. life n. 生活 （复数lives） live v. 居住（三单lives） life (in a British school) 介词短语作后置定语 a girl (with a ponytail) the boy (in blue)2. in Year 8 = in Grade 8 = in the 8th Grade3. FrenchFranceFrenchman/ Frenchwoman4. Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词作主语 * learn to sthlearn to speak English * learn how to do sthlearn how to speak English * learnlearner * fun adj. 愉快的 It is fun to swim in summer. n.(不可数） have fun doing sth * foreignforeigner5. during+ 一段时间 在.期间 during the summer holiday during my stay in New York6. borrow 借进 borrow sth from sb lend 借出 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb7. near the end of 在.接近结束时 at the end of 在.结束时/在.尽头 in the end = at last = finally 最后 （in the beginning = at first 最初，一开始 at the beginning of 在.开始时） In the end, we won the match. Near the end of the term, we will have a final exam. Youll find a hospital at the end of the road. at the end of the month8. discuss v. 讨论 discuss sth with sb discussion n. have a discussion about sth with sb Please discuss the problem your classmates. They are discussing where to go for a holiday/ They are having a discussion about where to go have a holiday.9. seem 似乎，好像（系动词） * seem + adj. / 名词短语 He seems very tired. He seems (to be) a clever boy. * seem to do sth It seems to be a little cold today. * It seems that 从句 It seems that the weather is getting colder and colder.10. learn more/ all/ little about sth11. * offer v. 主动提供 offer sb sth = offer sth to sb The girl offered her seat to the old man on the bus. * offer to do sth 主动做某事 She offered to lend me her umbrella.12. A is different from B / A is the same as B13. than usual / as usual14. hard * adj. 艰苦的，硬的 What hard work it is! a hard brick * adv. 艰苦地 work hard15. win- won-winner16. own adj. 自己的 He has his own car. = He has a car of his own. V. 拥有 He owns a car. (同have）17. an article by a boy 此处的by用作介词，由.创作 This is a book by Moyan.18. else adj. 其它的 不定代词/ 特殊疑问词+else what else = what other things What else do you want to say? I have nothing else to say. Grammar 23241. little-less-least (at least / at most) few-fewer-fewest2. far-farther-farthest 距离 far-further-furthest 距离/程度Integrated skills 25261. number of students 学生的数量 the number of + n. 复 .的数量 作主语时，谓语动词用单数 a number of + n.复 许多. 作主语时，谓语动词用复数 eg. A number of teachers are present today, and the number of them is 400. The number of pandas is getting smaller and smaller/ bigger and bigger/ larger and larger.2. wear school uniforms3. have two weeks off两个星期的假期 have+ 一段时间+off 休息多久，有多久的假期 May I have a day off ? We have two months off in summer every year.4. How much time/ How long do students spend on homework every day? = How much time does it take students to do homework ?5. half an hour for playing computer games and another half an hour for playing chess * another此处用作adj. 意为“又一的，再一个的，另外的” We can do that another time. Would you like another cup of tea? * half an hour 半小时 one hour and a half / one and a half hours 一个半小时6. at most：I can pay 20 yuan at most. at least：You should learn English for at least half an hour every day.7. go swimming for about half an hour v. + for +一段时间，某动作持续多久8. finish，v. 完成 finish doing sth.Study skills & Task 27291. 副词的用法 * 修饰动词 v+adv work hard * 修饰形容词 adv+adj He is really happy.2. 副词的构成（与形容词有关） * adj+lyadv careful- carefully beautiful-beautifully * 以y结尾的adjily happy-happily noisy-noisily * 以le结尾的，lely comfortable-comfortably * 以ll结尾的，+yadv full-fully * 以e结尾大部分直接+ly nice-nicely polite-politely （特殊 true-truly terrible-terribly） * adj与adv同形 hard(hardly), fast, long, early, alone, high(highly), late(lately), near(nearly)3. n+lyadj friendly, lovely, weekly, lively, daily.4. daily，adj. 每日的，日常的 daily life日常生活5. through，prep. 自始至终，从头到尾 look through浏览，快速查看，看穿 Before you answer these questions，youd better look through them first.6. at first 起初，首先，常用于作文结构中7. keep on doing sth. 继续，重复做某事 He kept on repeating these words over and over. 8.