杨洁篪在丹麦问题研究所的演讲.docx

尊敬的维特女士，女士们，先生们，朋友们：我很高兴来到丹麦国际问题研究所，与大家进行交流。丹麦是欧盟重要国家，素有“童话王国”、“幸福国度”的美誉。丹麦是最早同新中国建交的西方国家之一，也是率先同中国建立全面战略合作伙伴关系的北欧国家。当前，中丹各领域务实合作蓬勃发展，两国关系已经迈入成熟、健康、稳定的发展阶段。丹麦国际问题研究所作为欧洲有影响的智库，近年来与中国有关智库开展了富有成效的学术合作，为推动中丹人文交流做出了积极贡献。借此机会，我要向贵所和各位朋友为发展中丹关系所做的努力表示感谢，并祝愿大家的研究事业不断取得新的进展。此访是我作为中国外长第一次正式访问丹麦。昨天下午我与瑟芬达尔外交大臣举行了会谈，今天上午又会见了托宁施密特首相，双方就双边关系和共同关心的国际地区问题深入交换意见，达成一系列重要共识，这是一次富有成果的访问。借此机会，我也要感谢丹麦方面的热情接待和周到安排。当前，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂变化。从今年以来的情况看，世界形势当中动荡不定的一面较为突出。国际金融危机的深层次影响进一步显现，世界经济复苏进程脆弱，发展问题更加严重。西亚北非局势持续动荡，给相关国家造成多方面冲击，并对地区乃至世界的稳定与发展带来复杂影响。传统安全威胁与非传统安全威胁相互交织，各种全球性问题层出不穷，加强全球治理的任务更加艰巨。同时更应看到，国际力量对比正朝着相对均衡的方向发展，极大地促进了多边主义和国际关系民主化，将对国际格局和国际秩序的调整演变产生积极而深远的影响。各国相互依存不断加深，求和平、促发展、谋合作的时代潮流更加强劲，同舟共济、互利共赢的理念更加深入人心。各国抓紧调整经济结构，转变发展方式，国际经济金融体系改革稳步推进，变革越来越成为大势所趋、人心所向。总的看，我们所处的世界既是一个充满风险和挑战的世界，更是一个充满希望和机遇的世界。女士们，先生们，推动世界经济复苏与增长，这是国际社会的当务之急。为此，我们应作出更大努力：要推动即将举行的二十国集团戛纳峰会取得成功，积极向国际社会释放团结、合作、共赢的强有力信号。世界经济正处于向何处去的关键时刻，二十国集团戛纳峰会肩负着提振市场信心，促进世界强劲、可持续、平衡增长的重要使命，推动峰会取得更多积极成果意义重大。各方要凝聚共识，把保增长、促稳定作为首要任务；要维护各成员的团结合作，坚持平等协商、互利共赢，反对强行推动、强加于人；要继续关注南北发展不平衡问题，保障新兴市场和发展中国家的发展权和宏观经济政策空间。中欧在二十国集团内开展了良好合作，中方愿意看到二十国集团在支持欧方稳定金融市场、促进经济复苏方面发挥积极作用。要努力维护地区和国际形势的和平与稳定，为世界经济的复苏与增长营造良好的政治和安全环境。历史经验一再表明，稳定与发展密切相联，发展不好，稳定不了；同样，没有稳定，也就没有发展。我们应坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，尊重各国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主决定，反对以任何形式和借口干涉别国内政。应坚持用和平方式解决国际争端和热点问题，反对任意使用武力或以武力相威胁。应反对一切形式的恐怖主义，并努力从根本上消除滋生恐怖主义的土壤。西亚北非地区在世界政治、经济、能源事务中占有重要地位，直接关系到世界的安全与稳定。推动该地区实现和平稳定与发展繁荣，符合地区国家和国际社会的利益。我们主张尊重地区国家人民的愿望和诉求，希望地区国家有关各方通过政治对话途径缓解分歧，尽快恢复稳定和正常秩序。我们主张国际社会发挥建设性作用，支持地区国家和人民寻找适合本国国情的政治制度和发展道路。我们认为应发挥联合国在稳定地区局势以及相关国家战后重建进程中的主导作用，并重视阿盟、非盟等地区组织的呼声。我们主张加强国际合作，努力推动和平解决本地区争端，为地区稳定和发展创造相应的条件和氛围。新形势下，影响一国安全与稳定的因素更加复杂多元，各国的安全息息相关，任何国家都难以单独应对各种安全挑战，以合作谋安全、以稳定促发展成为国际社会广泛共识。我们应坚持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，照顾彼此安全关切，促进地区安全合作，维护国际社会的共同安全。要稳步推进国际体系变革，为世界经济的复苏与增长提供有力的机制保障。国际金融危机充分暴露了现行国际体系的弊端，各方在推动国际体系变革方面形成诸多共识，也取得一些重要进展。保持国际经济金融体系改革的势头，是国际形势发展的客观要求，也符合各方的共同利益。应进一步深化以国际货币基金组织、世界银行、二十国集团峰会等为代表的国际经济治理机制的改革，推动建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际货币金融体系，增加新兴市场国家和发展中国家的发言权和代表性。新兴市场国家正在不断探索新的合作机制，开辟南南合作和南北对话的新渠道，有关实践应当得到重视和尊重。应继续加强联合国在处理国际政治、经济和安全事务中的核心作用，推动各国更加平等广泛地参与国际事务。丹麦是国家治理机制改革的积极参与方，中丹两国在增强金融市场监管、支持自由贸易等许多问题上观点相近，我们愿本着伙伴合作的精神，进一步密切与丹方的沟通合作，共同为推动国际体系改革做出不懈努力。女士们，先生们，我们始终认为欧盟是推动世界多极化进程的重要力量，是实现有效全球治理的重要合作伙伴，一个团结、繁荣、强大的欧洲队世界的稳定和发展具有重大意义。当前，欧洲遇到了一些困难和挑战。但欧洲经济基础雄厚，思想文化悠久灿烂，科技和教育体系发达，社会治理经验丰富。欧洲一体化建设经过几十年的发展，取得积极进展，为欧洲未来发展奠定了坚实的基础。欧洲的诸多优势并没有因主权债务危机发生根本改变，在应对危机过程中，欧洲一体化进程仍然表现出其生命力。虽然欧洲暂时面临一些困难，但发展后劲仍然强劲。我们支持欧盟应对危机的努力，支持欧洲一体化建设，相信欧洲各国能够找到克服困难、解决问题的办法。中国是最大的发展中国家，欧盟是世界上最大的发达国家集团，我们双方都是各类全球性挑战的利益攸关者。中国坚持把对欧关系作为外交工作的优先方向之一，认为中欧合作不仅有利于双方实现共同发展，而且对促进世界和平与发展也具有战略意义。双方要牢牢把握中欧关系发展的大局，凝聚战略共识，巩固政治互信。中欧没有根本利害冲突，没有悬而未决的历史问题，双方都主张多边主义。我们要以平等包容和互利共赢的心态看待和适应对方的发展，超越意识形态和社会制度的差异，积极扩大共同利益的汇合点，求同存异，妥善处理各种矛盾和分歧。双方要进一步加强在经贸、金融、城镇化、科技、教育、文化等领域的务实合作。中欧处于不同发展阶段，在全球产业链中处于不同位置，双方在技术、资金、市场、产品、管理等方面各具优势，经济互补性强，合作前景广阔。中国开始实施“十二五”规划，欧盟开始落实“欧洲2020战略”，中欧在经济社会发展方面各有所长，可以互相借鉴；中欧文化各具特色，应该相互学习，促进共同发展和人类的文明进步。这些都将为双方深化互利合作带来良好机遇。双方要共同努力，确保即将举行的中欧领导人第十四次会晤取得圆满成功。我们期待着此次会晤能够缺的实实在在的进展，向世界发出中欧携手、共克时艰、不断深化全面战略伙伴关系的积极信号。在中丹两国政府和两国人民的共同努力下，两国在相互尊重、平等互利等原则基础上建立的全面战略伙伴关系保持良好发展势头。中国连续多年成为丹麦在亚洲最大的贸易伙伴。双边贸易很快摆脱国际金融危机影响，重新实现强劲增长。中丹双方都希望深挖在航运、医药、农业等传统领域的合作潜力，同时着力加强在环保、可再生能源、生物科技等新兴领域的合作，打造合作新亮点。去年上海世博会期间，丹麦国宝“小美人鱼”铜像首度离境亮相世博会，丹麦馆突出环保理念和文化内涵，充分展示了丹麦人民的创造魅力，引发了中国观众的参观热潮，参观人数达到550多万。中方已在丹麦持续十年成功举办“欢乐春节”活动，深受丹麦民众的欢迎。我们两国在应对气候变化、能源资源安全、跨国犯罪等全球性挑战方面拥有广泛共同利益，在重大国际和地区事务中保持了良好沟通。我们高度赞赏丹麦历届政府、各党派重视发展对华关系的强烈愿望，愿与托宁施密特首相领导下的丹麦新一届政府继续努力，不断充实中丹全面战略伙伴关系内涵，进一步提升交往的全面性，加强合作的互利性，确保彼此的包容性，共同将中丹关系推向新的高度。多年来，丹麦为推动中欧关系发展做出积极努力。明年上半年丹麦还将担任欧盟轮值主席国，我们愿与丹方共同努力，进一步推动中欧关系发展。女士们，先生们，朋友们，今年是中国发展进程中极不平凡的一年。我们努力抵御国际金融危机影响，实现了国民经济和社会发展“十二五”规划的良好开局，保持了社会稳定，人民生活水平有了新的提高。我们着力处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系，经济增长由政策刺激向自主增长有序转变，继续朝着预期的方向发展，全年经济增长率有望保持在9%以上。随着中国持续快速发展以及中国与世界关系的历史性变化，各方更加关注中国的发展前景和发展走向。就此，我愿谈几点看法：第一，中国取得巨大发展成就，有着光明发展前景，但仍是发展中国家。改革开放30多年来，中国的经济实力和综合国力显著增强，已经成为世界第二大经济体、第一大出口国、第二大进口国和全球最大的新兴市场。我们解决了13亿人的温饱问题，减少了2亿多绝对贫困人口。中国的发展成就，从根本上得益于我们找到了一条适合本国国情的发展道路，即中国特色社会主义道路。这条道路改变了中国命运，给全体人民带来了福祉，我们将坚定不移地沿着这条道路走下去。展望21世纪第二个十年，随着中国“十二五”规划的顺利实施和各领域改革的不断深化，我们将以科学发展为主题，进一步加快经济结构的转型升级，推动经济社会发展和综合国力不断迈上新台阶，一个发展更加持续、社会更加和谐、制度更加完善、对外更加开放的中国将展现在世人面前。与此同时，我们对自身的发展水平和发展阶段始终保持着清醒认识。中国人口多、底子薄、发展不平衡的基本国情没有改变，仍是一个发展中国家。我们前进过程中还面临着多方面的困难和挑战，例如，我们要解决好城乡、区域发展不平衡，自主创新能力较为薄弱，社会保障体系尚不完善等重要课题。中国实现全面现代化是一项伟大而艰巨的事业，还有很长的路要走，需要继续付出长期艰苦的努力。今天的中国，机遇与挑战并存。中国人民对国家的发展前景充满了信心，我们会妥善处理和解决发展过程中遇到的各种难题，努力实现与世界各国共同发展、共同繁荣的目标。第二，中国将坚定不移地走和平发展道路。和平发展道路的精髓是通过维护世界和平发展自己，又以自身的发展维护世界和平。我们坚持互相尊重、平等相待，反对以大欺小、以强凌弱、以富压贫。坚持互利共赢，不以邻为壑，不损人利己。坚持奉行防御性的国防政策，不搞军备竞赛，不对任何国家构成军事威胁。和平发展道路是中国政府和中国人民顺应时代发展潮流、根据自身根本利益作出的战略抉择。不久前中方发表中国的和平发展白皮书，再度向全世界郑重宣示了中国坚定走这条道路的决心和意志。中国的和平发展不是中国一家的事，需要世界的理解、支持与合作。面对和平发展的时代潮流，包括中国在内的世界各国都应走和平发展道路，共同致力于人类的发展进步。第三，中国将继续为世界和平与发展的崇高事业作出更大贡献。作为世界上人口最多的发展中国家，中国把自己的事情办好，这本身就是对世界和平与发展事业的重要贡献。中国作为国际社会负责任的一员，积极推动南南合作，促进南北对话，始终是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的坚定力量。过去十年，我们累计进口约7.5万亿美元商品，相当于为其他国家和地区创造了 1400万个就业机会。今后五年中国进口商品总额预计将达10万亿美元，中国将成为促进世界经济增长更加重要的引擎。中国致力于加强与发展中国家的平等互利合作，并提供力所能及的支持与帮助。中国已免除50个重债穷国和最不发达国家债务380笔，认真完成为发展中国家援建学校、医院等2100多个成套项目，培训各类人才12万名。我们高度赞赏丹方一贯重视帮助非洲国家实现发展，中方愿与丹方加强交流，探讨合作，共同为非洲的发展进步多做实事、好事。中国积极参与应对金融危机的国际合作，通过购买债券、扩大进口和投资等实际行动，支持和帮助有关国家解决面临的实际困难。中国致力于推动和平解决热点问题，参与国际维和行动，已累计向28项联合国维和行动派出1.9万多人次，是安理会常任理事国中派出维和人员最多的国家。随着中国的进一步发展壮大，中国将在国际和地区事务中积极承担应尽的责任，为促进世界和平与发展发挥更大作用。女士们，先生们，朋友们，21世纪应是一个和平、发展、合作的世纪，也应是世界各国同舟共济、互利共赢，共同呵护地球这一人类美好家园的世纪。我们愿同包括丹麦在内的世界各国携手合作，共迎挑战，共享机遇，一起推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界！谢谢大家！Work Together for Peace, Stability and Development in the WorldSpeech by H.E. Yang Jiechi Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Peoples Republic of China at the Danish Institute for International StudiesMadame Nanna Hvidt, Director of DIIS,Ladies and Gentlemen,Dear Friends,It is a distinct pleasure for me to come to the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS) and exchange views with you. Denmark is an important member of the European Union (EU) and is known as the Kingdom of fairy tales and land of happiness. It was one of the first Western countries to establish diplomatic relations with the Peoples Republic of China and the first Nordic country to forge a comprehensive strategic partnership with China. Today, our two countries enjoy dynamic cooperation in many areas, and our relationship has embarked on the track of mature, sound and steady growth.The DIIS is an influential think tank in Europe. In recent years, it has collaborated productively with many Chinese think tanks and contributed greatly to people-to-people and cultural exchanges between our two countries. I would like to use this opportunity to thank the DIIS and every one of you for what you have done to push forward China-Denmark relations. And I wish you continuing success in your research career.This is my first official visit to Denmark as Chinas foreign minister. Yesterday afternoon I had talks with Minister for Foreign Affairs Villy Soevndal, and this morning I had a meeting with Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt. The two sides had in-depth exchange of views on bilateral relations and international and regional issues of mutual interest, and reached extensive consensus. It has been a fruitful visit. Here I would like to thank my Danish hosts for the warm reception and thoughtful arrangements.Ladies and Gentlemen,The world today is undergoing profound and complex transformation. We have seen growing uncertainty in the international situation since the beginning of this year. Under the lingering shadow of the international financial crisis, global economic remains fragile and the development endeavor faces more severe challenges. West Asia and north Africa has experienced continuous turbulence, which has complex implications not only for the relevant countries, but also for stability and growth in the entire region and the whole world. The task of global governance has become all the more daunting, as traditional security threats are intertwined with non-traditional ones and new global challenges keep emerging.On the other hand, the balance of power in the world is moving towards more equilibrium. This is a boost to multilateralism and greater democracy in international relations, and will have positive, far-reaching impact on the evolution of the international order. With growing interdependence, countries across the globe hope to see peace, development and cooperation and appreciate the importance of standing together in times of adversity and pursing mutual benefit. They are working hard to adjust their economic structure, shift their model of growth and reform the international economic and financial system. Indeed, change represents the trend of our time and the aspiration of the people.We have reason to believe that our world is full of hopes and opportunities despite the many risks and challenges.Ladies and Gentlemen,At this moment, global recovery and growth is the most pressing task of the international community. To make this happen, great efforts should be made in the following areas:First, make the upcoming G-20 summit in Cannes a success, and send a strong message of unity and win-win cooperation to the world.It is critical time for the world economy. The Cannes summit has the important task of restoring market confidence and promoting strong, sustainable and balanced growth. It is important that the summit achieve as many positive outcomes as possible. All parties must strive for consensus and accord maintaining growth and promoting stability top priority. We must stay united and pursue win-win results through consultations on an equal footing. We must avoid pushing through immature proposals or imposing oneself on others. And we must continue to pay attention to North-South imbalance, and protect the development right and macroeconomic policy space of emerging markets and developing countries. China and Europe have had good cooperation in G-20. We hope G-20 will play an active role in helping Europe achieve financial market stability and economic recovery.Second, maintain regional and international peace and stability, and create an enabling political and security environment for global recovery and growth.History tells us that stability and development are closely linked. Without development, stability cannot take hold; and likewise, without stability, there can be no development. We must abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and respect each countrys sovereignty and territorial integrity as well as the right to independently choose ones development path. A countrys internal affairs can only be decided by its own people, and no one should interfere in others internal affairs in any way, under any excuse. International disputes and hotspot issues should be settled by peaceful means. The international community should strongly oppose the willful use or threat of force. We should reject all forms of terrorism and fundamentally remove the breeding grounds for terrorism.West Asia and north Africa occupies an important position in world political, economic and energy affairs. The situation there has a direct bearing on global security and stability. It is in the interest of the region and the world to promote peace, stability, development and prosperity in west Asia and north Africa. We respect the wishes and aspirations of the people in the region. We hope the parties in relevant countries will bridge their differences through political dialogue and restore stability and order as soon as possible. We call on the international community to play a constructive role and support the various countries and people in finding a political system and development path that suit their own conditions. We believe that the United Nations should play a leading role in achieving stability in the region and in the post-conflict reconstruction of the countries concerned. We should value the views of the Arab League and the African Union. We stand for greater international cooperation to facilitate peaceful settlement of the various disputes and create good conditions and atmosphere for the stability and development of the whole region.In todays world, a countrys security and stability is affected by a diverse array of complex factors. As security has become indivisible, no country can manage all challenges to its security singlehandedly. There is broad consensus in the world on seeking security through cooperation and promoting growth through stability. We call for a new security concept that is rooted in mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination. This will enable us to better accommodate each others security concerns, promote regional security cooperation and uphold common security for all.Third, steadily reform the international system, and provide strong institutional guarantee for global recovery and growth.The global financial crisis has exposed the deficiencies of the existing international system. There is broad consensus to reform it and important progress has been made in this regard. The future of the world- and indeed our common interests- demand that we push forward the reform of the international economic and financial system. We need to further reform the international economic governance mechanism represented by the international Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the G-20 summit, build an equitable, fair, inclusive and well-managed international monetary and financial system and increase the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing countries. The emerging market countries are exploring new cooperation mechanisms and opening new channels of South-South Cooperation and North-South dialogue. Their efforts deserve more attention and respect. It is important to enhance the central role of the United Nations in managing international political, economic and security issues and enable all countries to participate in world affairs as equal players.Denmark has taken an active part in the reform of international governance mechanisms. From strengthening regulation of financial markets to supporting free trade, our two countries are on similar wavelength on many issues. We would like to have closer communication and cooperation with Denmark in the spirit of partnership and work together with you to advance reform of the international system.Ladies and Gentlemen,China regards the EU as an important force for promoting a multi-polar world and a key partner in achieving effective global governance. A united, prosperous and strong Europe has great significance for global stability and growth. It is true that Europe currently faces some difficulties and challenges. Yet one must recognize that Europe has a strong economic foundation, proud intellectual and cultural traditions, advanced scientific technological and educational systems, and a wealth of experience in social management. The progress in European integration in the last few decades provides a solid underpinning for Europes future development. Europes many advantages have not been erased by the sovereign debt crisis. On the contrary, in the course of combating the crisis, the European integration process has shown vitality, which gives people confidence that Europe will emerge from the temporary difficulties stronger than before. China supports EU efforts to counter the crisis and further the integration process. We are convinced that European countries will find solutions to the problems and overcome the challenges that they face.China is the largest developing country in the world, while the EU is the largest group of developed countries. We are both stakeholders in addressing various global challenges. Europe is a key priority in Chinas foreign policy. We are of the view that China-Europe cooperation is not only beneficial to our common development, but also of strategic significance for world peace and development.-We should proceed from the overall interest of China-EU relations to expand common strategic views and cement mutual political trust. There is no conflict of fundamental interests or unresolved issues left over from history between China and Europe. Both sides stand for multilateralism. We should view and adapt to each others development in a spirit of equality, inclusiveness and win-win progress. We should rise above our differences in ideology and social system, actively expand common ground and common interests, and properly handle problems of differences between us.-We should step up cooperation in economy, trade, finance, urbanization, science, technology, education, culture and other fields. China and the EU vary in development stage and position in the global industrial chain. The two sides have different strengths in technology, capital, market, products and managerial expertise. There is a lot we can offer each other economically. This bodes well for our business ties. China is implementing the 12th Five-Year Plan, while the EU is implementing its Europe 2020 strategy. As we have different strengths in economic and social development, we can certainly draw on each others experience. Our distinctive cultures offer us another opportunity to learn from each other and jointly contribute to common development and human progress.-We should work together to ensure the success of the upcoming 14th China-EU Summit. We look forward to making real progress at this summit and sending to the world a positive message of China-EU solidarity in times of difficulty and our strong commitment to deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership.China and Denmark have established a comprehensive strategic partnership based on the principles of mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit. Thanks to the joint efforts of our governments and peoples, this partnership has maintained sound momentum of growth. China has Denmarks largest Asian trading partner for years on end. Our trade was quick to emerge from the international financial crisis and regain strong growth. Both sides