单片机原理及应用课程设计-信号发生器的设计.doc

南京工程学院通信工程学院课程设计说明书(论文)题 目 信号发生器的设计 课 程 名 称 单片机原理及应用 专 业 电子信息工程 班 级 学 生 姓 名 学 号 设 计 地 点 信息楼C210 指 导 教 师 目 录一、课程设计目的二、课程设计任务三、课程设计要求四、课程设计思路五、课程设计软件仿真结果截图六、课程设计体会七、主要参考文献八、附录：源程序1、 课程设计目的：在学习单片机原理及应用A课程的基础上，进一步深入理解MCS-51单片机的结构、工作原理和应用技术，提高单片机控制系统设计、研发的能力；按照教学计划的要求，利用一周时间，综合应用所学知识，设计具有一定功能的小型单片机控制系统，培养学生一定的自学能力和独立分析问题、解决问题的能力，要求学生能通过独立思考、查阅工具书、参考文献，提出自己的设计方案，找出设计中遇到问题的解决途径。2、 课程设计要求：1、整个课程设计的各个环节都要自己动手。2、通过TLC5615串行D/A转换芯片完成信号发生器设计，经由示波器观察信号波形；3、采用C语言编程实现； 4、其他要求参见“nKDE-51单片机实验教学系统实验指导书；5、基本任务为必做项目，附加任务为选做项目；6、对课程设计进行总结，撰写课程设计说明书。三、课程设计任务：1、基本任务：利用nKDE-51单片机实验教学系统上的硬件资源，实现信号发生器的功能。2、附加任务：通过键盘（1）选择输出信号的波形； （2）调整幅度、频率等参数。3、工作量要求：（1）设计的硬件电路图与程序流程图； （2）源程序代码； （3）系统运行结果符合课程设计要求。四、课程设计思路：TLC56151、TLC5615芯片结构：引脚功能：DIN：串行数据输入端 OUT SCLK SCLK：串行时钟输入端 REFin CS CS：片选端，低电平有效 DIN OUT:DAC模拟电压输出端 DOUT REFin：基准输入端2、TLC5615芯片工作原理：TLC5615由16位转换寄存器、控制逻辑、10位DAC寄存器、上电复位、DAC、外部基准放大器、基准电压倍增器等部分组成。TLC5615通过固定增益为2 的运放缓冲电阻串接网络，把10位数字数据转换成模拟电压。上电时，内部电路吧10DAC寄存器复位至全0，其输出具有与基准输入相同的极性。（1）数据输入。由于DAC是12位寄存器，所以在写入10位数据后，最低2位写入2个“0”。（2）输出缓冲器。输出缓冲器具有满电源电压幅度输出，它带有短路保护并能驱动有100pF负载电容的2k负载。（3）外部基准。外部基准电压输入经过缓冲，使得DAC输入电阻与代码无关。因此，REFin的输入电阻为10M，输入电容典型值为5pF，它们与输入代码无关。基准电压决定DAC的满度输出。（4）逻辑接口。逻辑输入端可使用TTL或CMOS逻辑电平。使用满电源电压幅度时，CMOS逻辑可得到最小的功耗。使用TTL逻辑电平是，功耗需求增加约2倍。（5）串行时钟和更新速率。TLC5615的最大串行时钟频率近似为14MHz。通常，数字更新速率受片选周期的限制。对于满度输入阶跃跳变，10位DAC的建立时间约为12.5s，这把更新频率限制在80KHz。当片选信号为低电平时，输入数据读入16bit移位寄存器。SCLK输入的上升沿把数据移入输入寄存器，接着，CS的上升沿把数据传送至DAC寄存器，当CS为高电平时，输入的数据不能由时钟同步送入输入寄存器。所有CS的跳变应发生在SCLK输入为低电平时。DIN只需要输入12位数据，DIN输入的12位数据中，前10位为TLC5615输入的D/A转换数据，并且输入时，高位在前，低位在后，后2位必须写入为0的2位数值，因为TLC5615的DAC输入锁存器为12位宽。3、 总流程图：开始键盘扫描（确定是否改变频率、幅度）检测按键，确定输出波形4、 程序编译及软件仿真电路原理图：其中开关S5控制波形变换，S2控制频率减小，S1控制频率增大，S3控制幅度增加，S4控制幅度减小。元器件列表：元器件名称所属类型AT89C51Microprocessor ICSCRYSTAL 晶振MisecllaneousCAP 电容CapacitorRES 电阻ResistorCAP-ELEC 电容CapacitorBUTTON按键Switches&relaysTLC5615C(L)DData Converters五、课程设计软件仿真结果截图：1、输出正弦波：2、 正弦波转换成锯齿波：3、 锯齿波变换成方波：4、 三角波：5、 正弦波幅度改变：6、 正弦波频率改变：7、 锯齿波幅度改变：8、 锯齿波频率改变：9、 方波幅度改变：10、 方波频率改变：10.三角波频率改变：11.三角波幅度改变：6、 课程设计体会：本次课程设计对我来说从原理到编程上都没有什么大问题，参考相关书籍及老师给的程序，可以实现信号发生器的一些基本功能，比如改变波形、改变波形频率、改变波形幅度。这次课程设计让我对51单片机和TLC5615这两个芯片有了更深的了解，同时，对C51的编程更为熟悉。课程设计中，当由软件仿真转换为硬件连接时，遇到了很多问题，最后在参考书籍以及老师的提醒下，基本解决了。7、 主要参考文献：1、nKDE51单片机实验教学系统实验指导书南京邮电大学，2011年2、单片机原理与应用及C51程序设计（第2版），谢维成等编著，清华大学出版社，2009年3、单片机原理及应用（第2版），李建忠，西安电子科技大学出版社，2008年4、基于protues的51系列单片机设计与仿真侯玉宝 陈忠平 李成群等编著，电子工业出版社八、源程序： #includeabsacc.h#includereg51.h#define uchar unsigned charunsigned char a=1,m=0;#define uint unsigned int#define LCD_date P0unsigned char code table256=0x80,0x83,0x86,0x89,0x8d,0x90,0x93,0x96,0x99,0x9c,0x9f,0xa2,0xa5,0xa8,0xab,0xae,0xb1,0xb4,0xb7,0xba,0xbc,0xbf,0xc2,0xc5,0xc7,0xca,0xcc,0xcf,0xd1,0xd4,0xd6,0xd8,0xda,0xdd,0xdf,0xe1,0xe3,0xe5,0xe7,0xe9,0xea,0xec,0xee,0xef,0xf1,0xf2,0xf4,0xf5,0xf6,0xf7,0xf8,0xf9,0xfa,0xfb,0xfc,0xfd,0xfd,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, /电压从0到最大值（1/4个正弦波）0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xfd,0xfd,0xfc,0xfb,0xfa,0xf9,0xf8,0xf7,0xf6,0xf5,0xf4,0xf2,0xf1,0xef,0xee,0xec,0xea,0xe9,0xe7,0xe5,0xe3,0xe1,0xde,0xdd,0xda,0xd8,0xd6,0xd4,0xd1,0xcf,0xcc,0xca,0xc7,0xc5,0xc2,0xbf,0xbc,0xba,0xb7,0xb4,0xb1,0xae,0xab,0xa8,0xa5,0xa2,0x9f,0x9c,0x99,0x96,0x93,0x90,0x8d,0x89,0x86,0x83,0x80,/电压从最大值到0（1/4个正弦波）0x80,0x7c,0x79,0x76,0x72,0x6f,0x6c,0x69,0x66,0x63,0x60,0x5d,0x5a,0x57,0x55,0x51,0x4e,0x4c,0x48,0x45,0x43,0x40,0x3d,0x3a,0x38,0x35,0x33,0x30,0x2e,0x2b,0x29,0x27,0x25,0x22,0x20,0x1e,0x1c,0x1a,0x18,0x16,0x15,0x13,0x11,0x10,0x0e,0x0d,0x0b,0x0a,0x09,0x08,0x07,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x03,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/电压从0到最小值（1/4个正弦波）0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x0a,0x0b,0x0d,0x0e,0x10,0x11,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x18,0x1a,0x1c,0x1e,0x20,0x22,0x25,0x27,0x29,0x2b,0x2e,0x30,0x33,0x35,0x38,0x3a,0x3d,0x40,0x43,0x45,0x48,0x4c,0x4e,0x51,0x55,0x57,0x5a,0x5d,0x60,0x63,0x66,0x69,0x6c,0x6f,0x72,0x76,0x79,0x7c,0x80/电压从最小值到0（1/4个正弦波）;code uchar dis1=0x00,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0xC2,0x3F,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0xFE,0x3F,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x00,0x00,/*正,0*/0x02,0x01,0xF2,0x23,0x12,0x41,0x12,0x81,0x3E,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x21,0x84,0x71,0x44,0x29,0xB5,0x25,0x86,0x22,0x84,0x21,0xE4,0x28,0x44,0x70,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x00,/*弦,1*/0x10,0x04,0x60,0x04,0x01,0xFF,0xE6,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xF8,0x8F,0x88,0x80,0x88,0x41,0x88,0x26,0xFF,0x18,0x88,0x18,0x88,0x26,0x88,0x61,0x18,0xC0,0x08,0x40,0x00,0x00,/*波,2*/0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,/*未命名文件,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/;code uchar dis2=0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x0C,0x08,0x03,0xF9,0x00,0x4A,0x00,0x4C,0x20,0x48,0x40,0x48,0x40,0xC8,0x3F,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*方,0*/0x10,0x04,0x60,0x04,0x01,0xFF,0xE6,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xF8,0x8F,0x88,0x80,0x88,0x41,0x88,0x26,0xFF,0x18,0x88,0x18,0x88,0x26,0x88,0x61,0x18,0xC0,0x08,0x40,0x00,0x00,/*波,1*/0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0xC0,0xFF,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0xC0,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*未命名文件,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/;code uchar dis3=0x00,0x00,0x04,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x84,0x20,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,/*三,0*/0x00,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x20,0x60,0xF0,0x1F,0x98,0x04,0x97,0x04,0x92,0x04,0x92,0x04,0xF2,0xFF,0x92,0x04,0x9A,0x04,0x96,0x44,0x92,0x84,0xF0,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*角,1*/0x10,0x04,0x60,0x04,0x01,0xFF,0xE6,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xF8,0x8F,0x88,0x80,0x88,0x41,0x88,0x26,0xFF,0x18,0x88,0x18,0x88,0x26,0x88,0x61,0x18,0xC0,0x08,0x40,0x00,0x00,/*波,2*/0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x10,/*未命名文件,0*/; code uchar dis4=0x40,0x01,0x30,0x01,0x2C,0x01,0xEB,0xFF,0x28,0x41,0x28,0xA1,0x00,0x60,0xFE,0x1F,0x92,0x00,0x92,0xFC,0x92,0x44,0xF2,0x47,0x92,0x44,0x92,0x44,0x9E,0xFC,0x00,0x00,/*锯,0*/0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0xA0,0x7F,0x3C,0x40,0x20,0x50,0x20,0x48,0x20,0x46,0xFF,0x41,0x24,0x42,0x24,0x44,0x24,0x58,0x24,0x40,0xA4,0x7F,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*齿,1*/0x10,0x04,0x60,0x04,0x01,0xFF,0xE6,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xF8,0x8F,0x88,0x80,0x88,0x41,0x88,0x26,0xFF,0x18,0x88,0x18,0x88,0x26,0x88,0x61,0x18,0xC0,0x08,0x40,0x00,0x00,/*波,2*/0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0xF8,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*未命名文件,0*/0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x04,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*未命名文件,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,1*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,1*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,1*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,2*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,3*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,0*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/* ,1*/; /*LCD端口定义*/sbit CS1=P30;sbit CS2=P31;sbit EN=P32;sbit RW=P33;sbit RS=P34;sbit DIN=P10; /数据sbit SCK=P11; /时序脉冲sbit CS=P12; /选通sbit S1=P20; /频率减sbit S2=P21; /频率加sbit S3=P22; /幅度加sbit S4=P23; /幅度减sbit S0=P24; /波形选择uchar x=0xb8;/页面地址设置uchar y=0x40;void delay(uint z)/延时uint x,y;for(x=z;x0;x-)for(y=10;y0;y-);void cmd(uchar cmd)/向LCD写入控制字RS=0;RW=0; EN=0;P0=cmd;EN=1;EN=0;void dat(uchar dat)/向LCD写数据RS=1;RW=0; EN=0;P0=dat;delay(1);EN=1;delay(1);EN=0;void lcd_init()/初始化LCD cmd(0x3f); cmd(4);void infomation() uchar t;uint i; lcd_init(); for(t=0;t4;t+)for(y=64;y128;y+)CS1=0;CS2=1; cmd(x); cmd(