高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Art基础达标练 新人教版选修6.doc

unit 1 art*阅读理解。career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (学步的儿童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered. while most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠无情的) characteristics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.luke hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the university of michigan, said, “these are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” he said, “parents both take care of their child and provide their childs genes so its been difficult to know if were seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child.”the research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers antisocial behavior. the scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.“the really exciting take-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions (互动) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in childrens development, said leslie leve, a professor at the university of oregon who co-led the data collection.“even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties,” he added. the study, worked on by scientists from the university of michigan, penn state university and the university of oregon has been published in the american journal of psychiatry. researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.1.whats the main idea of the passage?a. kids social behaviors are related to crime.b. criminals begin their crimes during adolescence.c. antisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.d. warmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.2.what conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?a. antisocial behaviors might be inherited.b. the genes decide kids antisocial behaviors.c. antisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.d. adopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.3.what can be inferred from the passage?a. parenting is the main reason that causes kids antisocial behaviors.b. what causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents characteristics.c. leslie leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothers active interactions with kids.d. inherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.4.why will researchers track kids process of growing?a. to make sure if kids behaviors will last.b. to make sure if praise will change kids.c. to determine if kids behaviors will be inherited.d. to determine if parents comfort will protect kids. 【文章大意】研究人员发现孩子的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，积极的育儿方式可以减轻孩子的反社会行为。1.c 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，故c项正确。3.d 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties”可知，积极的育儿教育可以减轻孩子遗传的反社会行为，故d项正确。4.a 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years. ”可知，研究人员追踪孩子的成长过程是为了弄清楚孩子的反社会行为是否会持续下去，故a项正确。*单句语法填空1it is time that we _ (adopt) different ways to solve the social problem.答案：adopted/should adoptit is time that sb. did/should do sth. “到某人该做某事的时候了”。2in the past 5 years a great deal of money _ (spend) improving the environment of the school.答案：has been spenta great deal of修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，由时间状语“in the past 5 years”可知应用现在完成时，且spend和money存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填has been spent。3many people lost their homes and all their _ (possess) during the war.答案：possessionspossession “所有物；财产”，常用复数形式。4we aim _ finish the task by friday.答案：toaim to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“力求做某事”。5youd better take account of your ability before _ (attempt) to do such a business.答案：attempting该句中before为介词，故应填attempt的动名词形式作宾语。6lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring _ (figure) in the world.答案：figures“one of名词复数形式”表示“其中之一”。7they appealed _ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places where conditions are hardest.答案：toappeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事”。8my job was to take care of these children until they could _ (adopt) into a good home.答案：be adopted在本句中，adopt意为“收养”，且和they存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。9the thief tried to break away _ the policeman, but he failed.答案：frombreak away from “脱离；摆脱；挣脱”。10_ your ticket, i wouldnt be able to go to the concert tomorrow.答案：without设空处所在句为without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句。*完形填空。(2018陕西西北六校二模)for me，two of the loveliest words in english are “life persists”i _1_ them years ago as a college student，sitting in the library，_2_，working on a paper.out of nowhere，those words came _3_ off the page in a quote(引语)：“in the midst of death life persists，in the midst of _4_ truth persists，in the midst of darkness light persists.”suddenly i wasnt unhappy and impatient any more.then i _5_ my granddad.i loved to talk with him.and i was _6_ to hear what hed think of it.he had poor hearing，so i had to _7_ it a few times，but once he _8_ it，he laughed.“all i can say to that is totally _9_，” he said on the phone.i told him how glad i was，after a long winter，to finally see spring and _10_ to find that quote.“why is that？” he asked.“well，spring is a sure _11_ that life persists.and it just makes me _12_.”he laughed again，and then _13_ his lovely voice，he recited for me his _14_“spring time” words：“the desert shall rejoice(高兴)，and _15_ as the rose does.even with joy and singing.”many years later，_16_ my husband and i drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛开的)cactuses，i could _17_ hear my granddad laughing：“the desert shall rejoice.”life persists，and so do we，in the silence of _18_ and the blooming of cactuses；and in the dead of _19_ and the green of spring.spring _20_ us that were alive forever.1a.looked for bhappened oncpicked out dmade up2a.bored bconcentratedctired dconfused3a.running bdancingcrushing dmoving4a.fear baccusationcsuspicion duntruth5a.called bvisitedcconsulted dinformed6a.patient bconfidentcupset ddesperate7a.copy bprintcrepeat drecite8a.got bmadecundertook dmanaged9a.puzzlement bscepticismcagreement ddisapproval10a.practically bespeciallycobviously dnaturally11a.way binspirationcremark dsign12a.astonished benergeticcmerry dalive13a.in bwithcof dbeyond14a.impressive bsuperbcclassical dfavorite15a.exist bflowercsurvive dsow16a.after bwhencuntil dalthough17a.hardly balwayscalmost dmostly18a.journeys bwordscworld ddesert19a.winter bspringcsummer dautumn20a.convinces bassurescreminds dstrikes【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力，从偶然读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。生命长存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，长存于冬去春来的绿意中。冬去春来，生命依然长存，而我们也要继续前行。1b根据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书馆里作者偶然遇到这两个单词“life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或发现”，符合语境。pick out“挑选，辨别出”；make up“编造”。2a根据下文中的“suddenly i wasnt unhappy and impatient any more”可知，作者当时在图书馆里的心情是很烦闷的。故选bored“厌倦的，烦闷的”。3b这两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。dancing在此形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。4d在死亡中，生命依然坚持；在谎言中，真理依然长存；在黑暗中，光明依然永驻。根据句中的death与life, darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。untruth“虚假，不真实”，符合语境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“怀疑”。5a根据下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者给爷爷打电话。call“(给)打电话”，符合语境。visit“看望，拜访”；consult“咨询”；inform“告知”。6d根据语境及上文中的“i loves to talk with him”可知，作者很想听到爷爷(对这句话)是怎么看的。desperate“极想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7c根据上文中的“he had poor hearing，so i had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复(repeat)这句话。copy“抄写”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。8a但是一旦作者的爷爷明白(got it)了，他就笑了起来。make it“获得成功，准时到达”。9c根据上文中的“laughed”和下文中作者的爷爷所背诵的语句与该句话的主题的一致性可知，作者的爷爷对这句话所表达的主题是完全同意的。puzzlement“疑惑”；scepticism “怀疑”；agreement“赞同，同意”；disapproval“反对，不赞成”。10b作者告诉爷爷她在漫长的冬天过后，最终看到春天，特别是偶然发现这句引语，自己是有多高兴。especially“特别，尤其”，符合语境。practically“实际地，差不多”；obviously“明显地”；naturally“自然而然地”。11d春天就是一个可信的迹象，它表明生命是长存的。sign“迹象，征兆”符合语境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。12c根据上文中的“i wasnt unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高兴)”“joy”及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感到开心(merry)。astonished“震惊的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。13a作者的爷爷又笑了笑，然后用他那悦耳的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜欢的语句。in.voice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14d参见上题解析。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；superb“极佳的，质量极高的”；classical“经典的”；favorite“最喜欢的”。15b沙漠应该高兴，像玫瑰一样盛开。根据空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“开花”符合语境。16b多年后，当作者和丈夫驱车穿越一个有很多野花和盛开的仙人掌的沙漠时，她几乎又听到了爷爷笑着说“沙漠应该高兴”。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导时间状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故选when。17c参见上题解析。