高考英语一轮复习 分块专项练习（1）语言知识运用（一）.doc

语言知识运用（一）1完形填空“just sign here，sir，”the deliveryman said as he handed oscar peyna a package.the package consisted of a long，narrow box_21_wrapped in brown paper._22_the box，oscar saw an umbrella insidea very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle._23_he had not seen it in more than 20 years，he recognized it_24_.oscar was 16 when he first saw the_25_umbrella.he had gone to a concert with his grandparents.as they were leaving，he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat.impressed by its_26_，oscar felt a strong desire to find its_27_.oscar_28_the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales.just as he thought，a name matched the seat_29_oscar had found the umbrella.the name was mrs.katie obrien.oscar talked his grandparents into going by mrs.obriens_30_on their way home.he rang the bell，the door opened，and an elderly woman appeared.“may i_31_you？”she asked.“id like to return it if its yours，”oscar said，_32_the umbrella as if presenting a_33_that had long been wished for.“why，yes！its mine，”replied mrs.obrien with a_34_smile and shining eyes.“it was given to me by my father years ago.thank you so much for returning it.may i offer you a reward for your_35_？”“no，maam，”he said，“my grandmother says that a good deed is its own reward.”“well，thats_36_what my father used to say.what is your name，young man？”years later oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remembered mrs.obrien.it was in perfect condition，considering how_37_it was.why had it arrived here today?as if_38_，a note fell from the paper.it read：mrs.obrien wanted you to_39_this umbrella as a present for a kind，_40_gesture long ago. (2012浙江)1a.strictly bcarefullycroughly dcasually答案b解析根据下文及最后一段可知，这把漂亮的雨伞作为对作者善良、无私行为的奖励被邮寄给了他，所以包裹应是包得非常仔细。carefully仔细地，符合语境。strictly严格地；roughly粗糙地，粗略地；casually随便地，随意地。2a.opening bseizingcobserving dsearching答案a解析根据下文oscar saw an umbrella inside可反推出oscar已经将盒子打开了。3a.after bwhencsince dalthough答案d解析本句句意为：虽然他有20多年没有见它了，但是他还是立刻认出了它。根据句中的had not seen it in more than 20 years和recognized it可知，前后语意为转折关系。4a.clearly bfullycimmediately dsuddenly答案c解析根据后文内容可知，作者对这把伞的印象非常深刻，所以当他见到这把伞时，立刻就认出它来。clearly清楚地；fully完全地，十分地；immediately立刻，马上；suddenly突然。5a.average bunusualcplain dtypical答案b解析从第二段中“a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle”可知，这把伞非同一般。unusual非同寻常的，符合语境。average普通的，一般的，平均的；plain朴素的，简单的；typical典型的，有代表性的。6a.beauty bshapecorigin dhistory答案a解析第二段中的beautifully以及倒数第二段中的finely均表明这把伞非常好看，所以作者被它的美所打动。7a.designer bsellercuser downer答案d解析根据下文可知，作者经过一番努力，找到了伞的主人。第七段中的its mine也提示了这一点。8a.convinced bforcedcencouraged dadvised答案a9a.until bbeforecwhich dwhere答案d解析根据句式结构分析可知，空格后为一个定语从句，其先行词为the seat，关系词在从句中充当地点状语，故选where。10a.family btheaterwww.chouse dneighborhood答案c解析通过对下文的理解可知，作者说服了祖父母到失主家送伞。根据后文的rang the bell，the door opened等字眼可知是到了失主的家里。11a.invite bhelpcbother dknow答案b解析当老妇人看到作者时并不知道作者的来意，所以询问作者她能为他做些什么。may i help you？表示“有需要帮忙的吗？”。12a.putting up bturning outcpicking up dholding out答案d解析通读前文可知，作者要将老人的伞归还回去，自然是要伸出手将伞递给老人。hold out伸出，符合语境。put up举起，张贴；turn out结果是，最终是；pick up捡起，接收，用车接。13a.chance bfactcgift dresult答案c解析本句句意为：奥斯卡说着，伸手将伞递过去，好像是在递交一份期盼已久的礼物。选项中只有c项可与hold out搭配。14a.wide bconfidentcproud dshy答案a解析父亲多年前赠送的礼物现在失而复得，老妇人自然是笑逐颜开。a wide smile为习惯搭配，表示“笑得很开心”。confident自信的，proud自豪的，shy羞涩的，均与语境及常理不符。15a.patience bkindnessccourage ddetermination答案b解析作者将捡到的东西归还失主，自然是好心。老妇人希望能送给作者点儿什么作为对他好心的报答。最后一段中的kind也与该处的kindness相呼应。16a.obviously bnaturallycexactly dprobably答案c解析作者的祖母对他说过的话恰巧老妇人的父亲也跟她说过。exactly恰好，正确地，符合语境。obviously显而易见地；naturally自然地；probably很可能。17a.old brarecprecious dnice答案a解析本句句意为：伞状况完好，鉴于它已经那么旧了。根据文章第二段中a very old one以及more than 20 years可知，这把伞很旧了。尽管这把伞经历了漫长的岁月，但其状况依然良好。18a.in contrast bin returncin exchange din answer答案d19a.possess bacceptccarry dvalue答案b解析由该语境可知，老妇人将这把伞邮寄给作者，希望作者能够将其作为一份礼物收下，以此表达老人对于作者无私帮助的感激。20a.attractive bsignificantcunselfish dsympathetic答案c解析通读前文可知，作者为了找到伞的主人做了很多事情，而且并没有为自己的善举索取什么。他的做法在老妇人看来是善良、无私的。unselfish无私的，符合语境。attractive吸引人的；significant重要的；sympathetic有同情心的。2. 语法填空in the field near my house there _1_ (be) two horses. from a distance, they look the same. but if you get a closer look, you will notice something quite _2_ (interest). actually, one of the horses is blind. but his owner has chosen not to abandon him. instead he has made him a safe and comfortable barn _3_ (live) in.if you stand nearby and listen carefully, you will hear the sound of a bell coming from the other horse. it makes the blind horse know _4_ his friend is, so he can follow.as you stand closer and watch the two horses, youll see that the horse with the bell is always checking on the blind horse and the blind horse will listen for the bell, and then slowly walk to where the other horse is so that he will not go _5_ the wrong direction.when _6_ horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop occasionally to look back, _7_ (make) sure that the blind friend isnt too far behind to hear the bell.life does not throw us away just because we are _8_ (able), or because we have problems or _9_ (challenge). sometimes we are the blind horse, being guided by the ringing bell of our companions. at other times we are just the guide horse, helping _10_ (other) to find their way.语篇解读：两匹马一起在田里，从远处看它们是一样的。但是，一匹马是失明的，它靠着同伴的铃铛声音为自己引路，以避免走错路。同样，在生活中虽然我们也许有某种残缺，但是生活不会抛弃我们。我们应该像马那样不轻言弃，互相帮助。1are本文的主体时态是一般现在时，由语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。在there be句型中，主语是be动词后的名词，因为本句的主语是two horses，故填are。2interesting此处表示如果你离得更近一点儿去看，你会发现一些非常有趣的事情。本空应填形容词interesting，修饰指物的something，quite后接形容词原级。3to live此处表示马的主人为它建造一个安全舒适的马厩让它住下。本空考查动词不定式作后置定语修饰barn。4where铃铛声让那匹失明的马知道它的同伴在哪里。空格处引导的句子为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“在哪儿”，故用where。5inin the wrong direction“朝着错误的方向”。6the本空表示特指，故填定冠词the。7making动词make与句子的主语he之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且与stop表示的动作同时发生，故此处用现在分词短语making sure .作状语，表示伴随状况。8disabled本空在be动词之后，应填形容词作表语，由语境可知此处应填disabled“残疾的”。9challengeschallenge是可数名词，意为“挑战，艰巨任务”。由空前的problems和并列连词or可知，此处应用名词复数形式。10others由句意可知，本空填others，表示“别人”。3. 语法填空the reason why some of us enjoy taking risks might have something to do with early humans.risktakers were better at hunting, fighting or exploring. being better at those things meant a _1_ (great) chance of survival.as the quality of risktaking _2_ (pass) from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.you may wonder _3_ not all people enjoy taking risks.well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could get one _4_ (kill)as a result, humans developed a range of character types _5_ still exist today.so maybe you love car racing, _6_ maybe you hate it.it all depends on your character.no matter where you are on the riskseeking range, scientists say that your _7_ (willing) to take risks increases during your teenage years.this is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world._8_ (help) you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.new experiences often mean _9_ (take) some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.as experts continue studying human brains, well know more _10_ the science of riskseeking.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人们喜欢冒险的原因和科学依据。1greater这里用great的比较级与句中的better相呼应。2was passed主语“the quality of risktaking”是谓语动词动作pass的承受者，需用被动语态；这里是描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。3why本空后的内容解释了为什么不是所有的人都喜欢冒险，故用why引导宾语从句。4killed过去分词killed作宾语补足语，宾语one与宾补动作kill之间是动宾关系。5that/which关系代词that/which指代先行词“a range of character types”， 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。6or前后两个分句在意义上是选择关系，故用or连接。7willingness空格中所填单词前有形容词性物主代词your，且在句中作主语，故用willing的名词形式。8to help“to help you do that”是不定式短语作目的状语。9takingmean doing sth.意思是“意味着做某事”。10aboutknow about sth.是习惯搭配，意思是“了解，知道”。4. 短文改错last weekend we went for camping in the mountains with our teacher, anna. when we arrived, we made a camp fire first. then, anna taught us to catch fish so that they could have more food to eat that night. i liked the airs there because it was fresh and clean. many stars were up highly in the sky and the moon looked bright. we all sat around the fire, listening annas stories about her childhood. she was born into a poor family or she had worked very hard to be successful. i was very touched that i couldnt sleep the whole night, thought about being a teacher in the future. when i get home, i said to my parents, “everything was great about the camping. i want to be the teacher like anna in the future.”答案：last weekend we went camping in the mountains with our teacher, anna. when we arrived, we made a camp fire first. then, anna taught us to catch fish so that could have more food to eat that night. i liked the there because it was fresh and clean. many stars were up in the sky and the moon looked bright. we all sat around the fire, listening annas stories about her childhood. she was born into a poor family she had worked very hard to be successful. i was touched that i couldnt sleep the whole night, about being a teacher in the future. when i home, i said to my parents, “everything was great about the camping. i want to be teacher like anna in the future.”1去掉for考查固定搭配。go camping为固定搭配，意为“去露营”，故去掉for。2theywe考查代词。根据句意“然后，安娜教我们抓鱼，这样我们那晚会有更多食物来吃”可知，so that从句的主语为we。故将they改为we。3airsair考查名词。air作“空气”之意时，为不可数名词，无复数形式。故将airs改为air。4highlyhigh考查副词。此处指“很多星星高高地挂在天上”，high意为“高高地；在高处”，强调的是具体意义的高，符合语境。highly强调抽象意义，意为“高度地”。故将highly改为high。5listening后加to考查介词。listen为不及物动词，其后若接名词，需先加介词to; listen to为固定短语，意为“听；倾听”。故在listening后加to。6orand考查连词。根据语境可知，“she was born into a poor family”和“she had worked very hard to be successful”为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故将or改为and。7veryso考查固定句型。so . that . 为固定句型，意为“如此以至于”。故将very改为so。8thought前加and或thoughtthinking考查非谓语动词/连词。分析句子结构可知，逗号之前为完整的句子，逗号后的部分应用现在分词短语作状语，此处表示伴随；也可用连接词连接两个分句，此处可用and连接couldnt sleep和thought about两个并列谓语。故将thought改为thinking或在thought前加连词and，连接两个谓语。9getgot考查动词的时态。根据“i said to my parents”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故将get改为got。10thea考查冠词。此处并非特指哪位老师，而是泛指“一位像安娜一样的老师”，teacher前应用不定冠词a。故将the改为a。5. 短文改错today i am talking to my dad matthew, my hero. the reason why i admire him is because he starts every day with smile. and his smile always brings happy to my families. he has been looked after us carefully since many years ago. he often encourages me to keep going and not to give it up. whats more, he real cares and shows his love to everyone he meets. i believe that he is a true person of compassion or carefulness. he had so many good personal quality that we all respect him.答案：today i am tal