高考英语一轮复习 第一编 教材回眸 Unit 5 The power of nature讲义 新人教版选修6.doc

unit 5 the power of nature【题目优选】请以protecting our environment为题，写一篇介绍环境保护的短文。要求内容包括以下几个要点，词数100左右。1我们正遭受越来越多自然灾害的侵害；2我们应该采取措施保护环境；3如果我们不马上行动，我们将会受到惩罚。参考词汇：以为代价at the cost of；受损害的环境damaged environment【经典范文】protecting our environmentwith the rapid development of world economy, many people come to realize that we have got the development at the cost of our environment. it is often reported that we are suffering from more and more natural disasters because of the damaged environment.if we human beings are clever enough, we shouldtake measures to protect the environment right now. if we dont, the earth will perhaps come to an end. we should pass laws to forbid cutting down trees. those who pollute rivers and seas should be punished. wild animals should be well protected. everyone should know the importance of protecting environment.as is known to all, if we act soon enough, we can still have a bright future. if we dont, one thing is certainwe will be punished by nature.【名师点拨】文章运用了多样化的短语及句式结构。如：with the rapid development of . (随着的快速发展)；take measures to do . (采取措施做)；宾语从句：that we have got the development .；主语从句：that we are suffering from .；定语从句：who pollute rivers . 和as is known to all等。1核心单词(1)alongside (adv.) 在旁边；沿着边 (prep.) 在旁边；沿着的边(2)appoint (vt.) 任命；委派appointment (n.) 约定；任命(3)wave (n.) 波浪；波涛 (vi.) 波动；起伏；挥手(4)absolute (adj.) 绝对的；完全的absolutely (adv.) 绝对地；完全地(5)suit (n.) 一套外衣；套装 (vt.) 适合；使适宜suitable (adj.) 合适的(6)potential (n.) 潜在性；可能性；潜能 (adj.) 可能的；潜在的(7)actual (adj.) 实在的；实际的actually (adv.) 实际上(8)shoot (vt.) 射中；射伤shot (n.) 射击；枪声(9)anxious (adj.) 忧虑的；不安的anxiety (n.) 担心；焦虑；渴望(10)panic (vi.& vt.) 惊慌 (n.) 惊慌；恐慌panicked (过去式/过去分词)panicking (现在分词)(11)guarantee (vt.) 保证；担保 (n.) 保证书；商品保修单2阅读单词(1)equipment (n.) 设备；装备 (2)evaluate (vt.) 评估；评价；估计 (3)candidate (n.) 候选人；候补者 (4)precious (adj.) 贵重的；珍贵的 (5)uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒服的；不舒适的 (6)tremble (vi.) 摇晃；摇动；颤抖 (7)diverse (adj.) 多种多样的；不同的 (8)appreciation (n.) 欣赏；感激；感谢 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1i felt _ (comfortable) with my stomach because i ate too much.答案：uncomfortable2it helps children to develop an _ (appreciate) of poetry and literature.答案：appreciation3some people hold the belief that _ (anxious) can lead to changes for the better.答案：anxiety4youd better choose the activity which interests you and _ (suit) you.答案：suits5she was _ (tremble) with anger.答案：trembling6we are _ (guarantee) to deliver the goods in one week.答案：guaranteed7jim is an _ (absolute) brilliant expert in computer.答案：absolutely8he was _ (appoint) as manager of the company.答案：appointed9it can be difficult _ (evaluate) the effectiveness of different treatments.答案：to evaluate10tom _ (panic) at the sound of explosion and called the police.答案：panicked联想积累1“职场”高频动词集锦appoint 任命hire 雇用；租用employ 雇用interview 面试promote 晋升fire 开除dismiss 解雇resign 辞职retire 退休2后缀ty构成的抽象名词集锦anxiety 担心；焦虑；渴望variety 品种；种类society 社会safety 安全security 安全；安全感ability 能力activity 活动curiosity 好奇心equality 平等majority 多数1be_suitable_for 适合2be_appointed_as 被委派为3burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁4be_about_to_do_sth. 正要、即将要做某事 5make_ones_way 前往6be anxious about 为忧虑/不安 7glance through 匆匆看一遍 8vary from . to . 从到不等 9give birth to 生产；分娩 10have a gift for 有天赋 【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空burn to the ground, make ones way, vary from . to ., have a gift for, be appointed as, glance through1the young man worked very hard and soon _ head of the department.答案：was appointed as2the snow being so thick, how did you _ to the top of the hill?答案：make your way3during the war, the village was _ .答案：burnt to the ground4after work, i usually _ newspapers.答案：glance through5even though he is a little boy, he _ music.答案：has a gift for6the ages of the kids in the kindergarten _ 2 years old _ 5 years old.答案：vary from; to联想积累1“beadj.for”必备短语集锦be anxious for 渴望得到be good/bad for 对有益/害be eager for 渴望得到be famous/wellknown for 因闻名be fit for 合适，适合be grateful/thankful for 感谢be hungry for 渴望得到be ready for 为准备好2“动词through”必备短语一览get through 通过；完成；接通电话look through 翻阅；看一遍；仔细查看go through 穿过；经历；检查put through 使经受(困难或令人不悦的事情)；完成see through 识破check through 核对pull through 渡过危机；康复break through 突破；克服glance through 匆匆看一遍1have you ever considered how weak humans are compared with a volcano, hurricane or earthquake?你有没有想过，与火山、飓风和地震相比，人类是多么脆弱？2hearing a scream, i rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.听到一声尖叫，我冲下楼却看到女主人晕倒在地上，周围围着她的客人。【句式仿写】1_ (和比起来) most of the people at that time, he was lucky.答案：compared with/to2the police hurried to the spot, _ (结果却被告知) the damaged car had been taken away.答案：only to be told联想积累1compare 用法一览compare . with/to . 把和相比compare . to . 把比作compared with/to . 和比起来(常用作状语)2only to do 作结果状语的用法only to do作结果状语，常译作“结果却；不料”，表示出乎意料的结果；动词ing形式作结果状语时，常表示自然而然的、意料之内的结果。单词点津appointvt. 任命；委派；指定；约定教材原句i was appointed as a volcanologist working for the hawaiian volcano observatory (hvo) twenty years ago.二十年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站工作。(1)appoint sb. (as/to be) . 任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事appoint a time/place for 为约定时间/地点(2)appointment n. 任命；约会make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人预约keep/break an appointment 守/违约【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空he _ (appoint) general manager for his rich experience.they appoint tom _ (take) charge of all the activities on that day.答案：was appointedto take(2)完成句子if you want to see the doctor, youd better _ him in advance.如果你想看医生，最好提前跟他预约。i have a tight schedule today, so lets _ the rest of our business.今天我的日程很满，因此我们再约一天来处理其余的事吧。答案：make an appointment withappoint another day forsuitn. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜教材原句we had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。(1)a suit of 一套/副(2)suit sb. fine 很合某人的意； 对某人很合适suit . to . 使适合于(3)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for 适合于be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事【特别提醒】suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面互相匹配fit多指服装合身，也可指物体的形状/尺寸合适【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空a good teacher suits his lessons _ the age of his pupils.theyd soon be penniless and homeless if they couldnt find _ (suit) work.答案：tosuitable(2)完成句子if you want to go by bus, i think it _ .如果你想坐公共汽车去，我认为那对我也非常合适。the film _ children, for it is too violent.这部电影不适合孩子们，它太暴力了。答案：suits me fineis not suitable foranxiousadj. 忧虑的；不安的教材原句i was so anxious and couldnt move at first.开始我太焦虑了并且不敢动弹。(1)be/become anxious about sth. 为某事忧虑/担心be anxious for sth. 渴望某事be anxious (for sb.) to do . 渴望(某人)做，急于(让某人)做be anxious that . 担心/渴望(2)anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望with anxietyanxiously 焦虑地；不安地【即景活用】单句语法填空helens parents are anxious _ her travelling on her own.he was anxious _ (finish) school and get a job to support his family._ (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didnt fit.答案：aboutto finishanxiouslypanicn. 惊慌；恐慌vi.& vt. 惊慌教材原句i felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。(1)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓惶行事；使仓促行动panic over/about/at 对惊慌(2)get into a panic 惊慌失措(表动作)in panic 惊慌失措地in a state of panic 处于惊慌状态【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空the thieves fled _ panic as soon as they saw the policeman.the whole class _ (panic) when the teacher said that there would be a quiz today.答案：inpanicked(2)完成句子she _ when she thought shed lost the ticket.她以为自己把入场券弄丢了而惊慌失措。答案：got into a panicguaranteevt. 保证；担保n. 保证；保证书教材原句if you are lucky enough to visit the lake of heaven with your loved one, dont forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸同你所爱的人同去天池，别忘许愿，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久。(1)guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事guarantee to do sth. 保证/担保做某事guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证/担保某事(2)give sb. a guarantee that . 向某人保证under guarantee 在保修期内【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空even if you complete your training i cant _ (guarantee) you a job.can you give me a guarantee _ the work will be finished on time?答案：guaranteethat(2)单句改错the car is less than a year old, so it is still under the guarantee._答案：去掉第二个the短语点拨make ones way 前往教材原句it was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的火山中心。feel ones way 摸索着前行fight/push ones way 奋力开出一条路/推挤着前行wind ones way 蜿蜒向前lose ones way 迷路pick ones way 谨慎前进find ones way 找到出路force ones way out 挤出去；冲出去push ones way in 挤进去【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空i saw an old man _ (make) his way with difficulty with a bag of vegetables in his hand.答案：making(2)完成句子many children walked along the lane and _ the beach.许多孩子沿着小路向海滩走去。tom _ home on foot after the car broke down halfway.在半路车抛锚后，汤姆步行回到了家。答案：made their way to/towardsmade his wayvary from . to . 由到不等教材原句the land varies in height from 700 meters above sea level to over 2,000 meters and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2,000多米不等，是多种稀有动植物的生长地。(1)vary from 和不同vary with . 随而变化vary in size/colour 大小/颜色不一样vary between . and . /from . to . 由到情况不等；在到之间变动(2)variety n. 种类；多样化various adj. 各种各样的a variety ofvarieties ofvarious 各种各样的【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空i like reading very much, especially storybooks, _ (vary) from chinese stories to english stories.there are _ (variety) flowers in the park, attracting a lot of people there.答案：varyingvarious(2)完成句子prices of fruit and vegetables often _ the season.水果和蔬菜的价格常随季节而变化。however, views on this issue _ .然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同观点。people usually change their mind for _ reasons.人们通常会由于种种原因而改变主意。答案：vary withvary from person to persona variety of/varieties of/various句型与语法教材原句having collected and evaluated the information, i help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。“having done”是现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语。现在分词表示的动作与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系。现在分词的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动词表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，而现在分词的完成式则表示该动作早于句子谓语动词表示的动作发生。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空he stood there, _ (wait) for the bus._ (turn) to the left, youll find the hospital._ (finish) their work, they went home happily.答案：waitingturninghaving finished(2)完成句子_ his address, they had great difficulty in finding his house.不知道他家的地址，他们费了好大劲才找到他的家。_ many times, he didnt lose heart.尽管被打败多次，但他没有灰心。答案：not knowinghaving been defeated教材原句the other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, i stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。this being my first experience是独立主格结构。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子。独立主格结构在句子中作状语时，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构的构成方法如下：(1)名词/代词动词ing形式(2)名词/代词过去分词(3)名词/代词动词不定式(4)名词/代词形容词(5)名词/代词副词(6)名词/代词介词短语其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。【特别提醒】(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子的主语不同，它独立存在。(2)独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空a boy _ (lead) the way, we had no trouble finding the school in the village.the manager looks relaxed, many things _ (settle)many trees and flowers _ (plant), our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.答案：leadingsettledto be planted(2)单句改错there was no light, we had to feel our way in the dark._time permitted, students can find a parttime job to decrease the burden of their family._答案：wasbeingpermittedpermittingi have the greatest job in the world. i travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. although my job is occasionally _1_ (danger), i dont mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.i _2_ (appoint) as a volcanologist working for the hawaiian volcano observatory twenty years ago. my job is collecting information for a database about mount kilauea, _3_ is one of the most active volcanoes in hawaii. having collected and evaluated the_4_ (inform), i help other volcanologists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. our work has saved many lives because people_5_ the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. _6_ (fortunate), we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to _7_ ground.today, i am just _8_ enthusiastic about my job as the day i first started. _9_(study) volcanoes now for many years, i am still _10_ (amaze) at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案：1.dangerous2.was rmation5.in6.unfortunately7.the8.as9.having studied10.amazed.单句语法填空1i think that the house will be _ (suit) for the needs of your family.答案：suitablebe suitable for . “适合”。2its impossible _ (evaluate) these results without knowing more about the research method.答案：to evaluate惯用句型itsadj.to do。该句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式，故填to evaluate。3he is unfortunate to have his house _ (burn) to the ground.答案：burnt/burnedburn to the ground “全部焚毁”，burn和his house存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。4you must be _ (absolute) silent or the birds wont appear.答案：absolutely此处应用副词修饰形容词silent，故填absolutely。5yesterday i went to see him, only _ (learn) that he had gone abroad two days before.答案：to learnonly to do “结果却”，在句中作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。6watching through their windows, the flood victims were anxious _ (wait) for rescuers to come.答案：to waitbe anxious to do . “焦虑地做/急于做”。7my watch is still _ guarantee, so theyll repair it for free.答案：underunder guarantee “在保修期内”。8she works in a theatre, _ (follow) in her fathers footsteps.答案：following主语she与follow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词following作状语。9i would like to express my _ (appreciate) and thanks to you all.答案：appreciation由空格前的my一词可知，应填名词。10i need to make an _ (appoint) with mike to discuss the matter.答案：appointmentmake an appointment with sb. “和某人预约”。.单句改错1not completed the project, they have to stay there for another two weeks._答案：completedhaving completed句子主语they与complete之间为主动关系，且complete表示的动作先于句子谓语stay发生，故应用现在分词的完成式作状语。2the mother was standing at the gate, anxiously to see her son._答案：anxiouslyanxious形容词在句中作状语，描述主语the mother的状态。3i kept silent in the back seat of the car as we made our way the grandmas._答案：way后加tomake ones way to . “朝走去”。4hearing the news that he had appointed as general manager of the big company, he was filled with excitement and joy._答案：had后加beenbe appointed as . “被任命为/委派为”。5they gave the manager a guarantee which they would finish the task within three days._答案：whichthatgive sb. a guarantee that . “向某人保证”，that引导同位语从句。.语法填空i still have good memories of a certain gentleman helping shape my future. i was in college _1_ my father passed away. i had another year in front of me in order to be called _2_ graduate. the trouble was that i could not concentrate _3_ my studies anymore. whenever i tried to open my books to study, tears _4_ block my view. i just wanted to quit and stay at home to help my mother deal with the sorrow.at this time, i received his help through my fathers personal financial advisor. one evening, he visited us and asked about my studies. i told him i could not continue my college because i did not want to study anymore. he reminded me how my father _5_ (send) me to the best college in our city. did i want to fulfill my fathers dream _6_ did i want to be called a failure? i wept, _7_ (say) i did want to do what my dad wanted but i just couldnt study. he gave me all the _8_ (encourage) i needed to be able to carry on. his calming, gentle voice did wonders and i decided to study _9_ (far) and complete my graduation. i still remember this gentleman _10_ came to my rescue and helped me make the right decision.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。在作者最颓废的时候，一位好心人给他指明了前进的道路，帮助他从失去父亲的痛苦中走出来，继续完成学业。1when考查状语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，故用when，意为“当时候”。2a考查冠词。此处表泛指，表示“一名毕业生”，故用不定冠词a。3on考查介词。由句中的“concentrate”可知，应填介词on，构成动词短语concentrate on . “专心于，把思想集中于”。4would考查情态动词。根据语境，此处指“每当我试图打开书学习的时候，眼泪就会模糊我的视线”。would“总会”符合语境。5had sent考查动词的时态。send是发生在reminded之前的动作，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。6or考查连词。or在句中连接了两个疑问句，前后两个句子的意义相反，因此指在两者之间的选择。7saying考查非谓语动词。“saying从句”在句中作伴随状语。主语i与say是逻辑上的主谓关系，且say和句子谓语wept表示的动作几乎同时发生，因此用现在分词。8encouragement考查词性转换。根据语境及空前的“the”可知，应用encourage的名词形式encouragement。9further考查词性转换。由本句中的“complete my graduation”