高考英语一轮训练选 模块5 Unit 2 The environment 牛津译林版必修5.doc

unit 2 the environment一、阅读理解。one of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. one of the main reasons for economic failure in many african countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent african states. said neville alexander, director of the project for the study of alternative education in south africa at the university of cape town.in response to the spread of english and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the last decade. in some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. one of the first such legal provisions(规定) was the 1994 toubon law in france, and the idea has been copied in many countries since then. such efforts to govern language use are often considered as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process. it is especially difficult for native speakers of english to understand the desire to maintain the purity of a language by law. since the time of shakespeare, english has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. english is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but that has not been a barrier to acquiring superiority and power. another reason for the failure of many native english speakers to understand the role of the state regulation is that it has never been the anglo-saxon way of doing things. english has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the academic francaise in france. the need to protect national languages is, for most western europeans, a recent phenomenon- especially the need to ensure that english does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. public communication, education and new ways of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend.1.neville alexander believes that _.a. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all african countriesb. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of africac. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendd. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure2.the underlined word futile (in paragraph 2) most probably means _.a. workable b. practical c. useless d. unnecessary3.what can we infer from the last paragraph?a. english has taken over fields like public communication and education.b. many aspects of national culture are threatened by the spread of english.c. most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.d. europeans have long realized the need to protect a national language.4.the best title for the passage is _. a. fighting against the rule of english b. protecting local languages and identitiesc. globalization and multi-language trend d. to maintain the purity of language by law【文章大意】现在世界全球化导致很多国家的独特的文化收到了冲击和影响，本文讲述的正是这方面的话题。很多国家都采取了很多的措施来保护本国的文化。1.d 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段one of the main reasons for economic failure in many african countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent african states. said neville alexander可知，他认为母语教育方面的缺失会导致经济方面的失败。故d正确。2.c 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本句such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.可知，很多语言专家都认为管理语言使用的努力是无用的，因为这样的控制是没有什么效果的。故c正确。4.b 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段one of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend.可知，现在世界全球化导致很多国家的独特的文化受到了冲击和影响，本文讲述的正是这方面的话题。故b正确。二、单项选择。1.for an artist who has no lack of passion and great courage to overcome any difficulty，inspirations of his artwill never _.a. break out b. run out c. work out d. pull out【答案】b【解析】run out 用完，耗尽，符合句意。break out 爆发；work out 计算，解决；pull out 驶出，脱离。句意：对于一个不缺少激情和有勇气战胜任何困难的艺术家来说，他的艺术灵感将永远不会枯竭。2.meeting again by chance, lucy and amy are delighted to _ the friendship where it left out years ago.a. set up b. build up c. bring up d. pick up【答案】d【解析】set up 成立，建立；build up 逐步建立，增进；bring up 养育，培养；pick up 拾起，偶然学到，接收到，中途搭车，和好如初。pick up the friendship 意为“重拾友谊”，根据“where it left out years ago”(意为“在几年前遗落的地方(重拾友谊)”)，说明这里填 build up(建立友谊)不合适。句意：碰巧又见面了，露西和艾米高兴地在她们数年前中断友谊的地方重拾友谊(即：中断的友谊仍可以重新开始)。3.it was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.a. that b. how c. when d. why【答案】d【解析】 句中的 it 是形式主语， 真正的主语是“_ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.”根据句意，原句要表达的是“为什么这个老人没有立马报案这件事还未查明。 ”4.we are committed to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless, a world _ each and everycomer is a true paradise.a. that b. which c. of which d. from where【答案】c【解析】.of which 实际上就=whose.。句意：我们致力于创造一个没有无家可归者和无望者的世界，一个其中每一个角落都是真正天堂的世界。5.alice hasnt turned up so far. _ if she is absent today? we dont even have the key yet.a. how b. why c. what d. when【答案】 c。 what if? “倘若又会怎么样” 。 句意： “如果 今天她不来怎么办， 我们甚至没有钥匙。 ”6._ a certain doubt among the people whether the value of the project is practical.a. it has b. they have c. it remains d. there remains【答案】d【解析】there is/remains some/certain doubt。句意：对于这个项目的实际价值人们仍然有怀疑。7._ knowledge a man has, _ it is for him to get a good job.a. the more, more difficult b. the more, the easierc. the more, easier d. the less, more difficult【答案】b【解析】考查 the +比较级，the+比较级用法，意为“越越”表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。句意：一个人掌握的知识越多，找到好的工作就越容易。8.a chinese students printlike handwriting caused controversy among british internet users, _ bothpraise and questions about individuality.a. drew b. drawing c. to draw d. having drawn【答案】b【解析】根据句子结构可知，这里不能选用谓语动词，由此可以排除 a 项；动词不定式表示将来的动作，不合题意， 排除 c 项； 由于 draw 的动作和 cause 的动作不存在明显的先后关系， 因此不用完成式，排除 d 项。只有 b 项正确，现在分词短语在这里表示结果。句意：有一位中国学生的看上去像印刷体的书法引起了英国互联网用户的争议对个性的赞美和质疑。9._ in the adult ceremony, the senior students feel they are shouldering heavier responsibilities now.a. swear b. sworn c. having sworn d. to have sworn【答案】c【解析】逻辑主语 students 与 swear 为主谓关系，而且 swear 的动作发生在谓语动词 feel 的动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。句意：成人仪式宣誓后，高年级学生觉得现在他们肩上的责任更重了。10.a russian plane broke up in the air, _ all 224 people on board which was believed _ by a bombplanted by islamic state.a. killing; to have been caused b. having killing; to have been causedc. killing; to be caused d. having killed; to have caused【答案】a【解析】第一空用现在分词短语作状语，表示结果；第二空动词不定式用完成式，因为是已经发生过的事情，而且 cause 此处要用被动态，故用不定式的完成被动形式。句意：一架俄国飞机在空中解体了致机上 224 人死亡，据信是由伊斯兰国所放置的炸弹造成的。11.watching football games on tv at home is one thing, going to watch them _ live is quite another.a. perform b. performing c. to perform d. being performed【答案】d【解析】根据句意可知，perform 与其逻辑主语 them 之间为动宾关系，要选被动意义的选项，而本题四个选项中只有 d 项为被动意义，其他三项皆为主动意义，being performed 为现在分词的被动式，作宾语补足语。句意：在家的电视上看足球比赛是一回事，看现场直播又是另外一回事。12._ an increase in foreign legal conflicts, china is expected to see the number continue to rise.a. to witness b. being witnessed c. witnessed d. having witnessed【答案】d【解析】china 与 witness 为主谓关系，由此可排除 b、c 两项；另外，witness 动作发生在主句动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式，即 d 项正确。句意：见证了涉外法律冲突的增长，希望中国看到这种数字的继续上升。13._ into the final round of the asian qualifiers for the first time since 2001, chinese soccer still faces a longhard road.a. moved b. moving c. to move d. having moved【答案】d【解析】chinese soccer 和 move 之间为主谓关系，因此可以排除 a 项；另外，由于 move 的动作发生在谓语动词 faces 的动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成时，即 d 项正确。句意：中国足球队自从 2001年首次进入亚洲预选赛的最后一轮后，面临着一条漫长而艰辛的路。4.i found my computer functioning much better, _ a new operating system.a. to install b. installing c. having installed d. installed【答案】c【解析】install 的动作发生在 found 的动作之前，而且 i 与 install 为主谓关系，因此用现在分词的完成式，即 c 项正确。句意：由于安装了新的驱动系统，我发现我的电脑的功能更强大了。15.many natural disasters took place across the country, _ severe losses on peoples life and property.a. to have brought b. only bringing c. only to bring d. having brought【答案】b【解析】 句意： 全国各地发生了很多自然灾害， 给人们的生命和财产带来了严重的损失。 现在分词短语“only bring severe losses on peoples life and property”在这里作结果状语。16._ in playing computer games, he didnt find his mother enter his bedroom.a. absorbing b. to be absorbed c. to absorb d. absorbed【答案】b【解析】absorbed in 全神贯注于，在句中作状语。句意：全神贯注于打电脑游戏，他没有发现他妈妈进了他的卧室。17. the old man showed us how to _ part of the surface of the wood and let a pattern in.a. cut down b. cut in c. cut out d. cut up【答案】c【解析】cut down 砍到；cut in 插话；cut out 剪裁；剪下；cut up 切碎。句意：老人向我展示了如何把木材的表面裁下，再把一个图案贴上去。三、完形填空。one morning maila woke up with a start.she had had a vivid _1_ of a lonely child with huge big tired eyes praying for love and crying out“find me！”maila was one of those people who used all her free time to help others and did it all in quiet，_2_ bragging (自夸)about it.but its hard to keep an angel a secret _3_she would have wanted to do her helping _4_ raising attention to herself.soon word _5_，bringing even more people in need of help to her attention.although she was _6_ to people in distress(困苦)，she was shaken by the dream.she _7_ to find the lonely child of her dream.and so she started _8_.she drove to every local hospital and institution where there were children.maila felt _9_ because she had no idea what the child would look like.all she could do was to _10_ her feelings.she did this for weeks.she was not going to_11_ her search.then one day she decided to visit an institution for _12_ handicapped(残疾的)children.this institution _13_ children that were so badly handicapped they could not be taken care of at home.many of the children had been _14_ as babies.there were stories of _15_ who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child.she walked into one room after another.and then she saw the tired _16_ she had been looking for.they belonged to a girl who could not _17_.she looked at maila with such longing in her eyes maila _18_ her immediately.“there you are！”she said.“i finally found you！” and the girls eyes were so full of _19_ no one dared to doubt they were _20_ to find each other.all the love she could not express with her words was written in her eyes.1a.story bdreamcreport daccount2a.sometimes boftencalways dnever3a.now that bin caseceven though das if4a.by bforcwithout ddespite5a.ended bfailedchelped dspread6a.addicted busedcdevoted dopposed7a.decided bagreedcforgot dpretended8a.complaining bsearchingcvolunteering dchanging9a.confident bterrifiedcexcited dawkward10a.express btrustcignore dcontrol11a.give up bcarry oncfocus on ddepend on12a.slightly brarelycseverely dmainly13a.interested bhousedccured drecorded14a.educated bstarvedcabused dabandoned15a.mothers bfriendscparents dnurses16a.children bpatientsceyes dlegs17a.speak bhearcsee dwalk18a.believed bforgavecsuspected drecognized19a.surprise bjoycscare dstress20a.allowed bforcedcdetermined dmeant【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。maila总是默默无闻地帮助别人，本文讲述了她寻找她睡梦中出现的女孩的故事。1b考查名词辨析。根据第三段中的“find the lonely child of her dream”可知，maila是在梦中见到那个孩子的。dream意为“梦，梦想”，符合语境。故选b。2d考查副词辨析。根据上文中的“did it all in quiet”可知，maila 做好事的时候非常低调，从不自夸。never意为“从不，从未，绝不”，符合语境。故选d。3c考查连词短语辨析。now that意为“既然，由于”；in case意为“以防，以防万一”； even though意为“即使”；as if意为“似乎，好像”。根据空格前的“its hard to keep an angel a secret”可知，保守秘密是很难的，即使maila不想引起别人的注意。故选c。4c考查介词辨析。由上文可知，maila想要默默地帮助别人，所以不想引起别人的注意。without意为“没有”，符合语境。故选c。5d考查动词辨析。end意为“结束”；fail意为“失败”；help意为“帮助”；spread意为“传播，扩散”。根据语境可知，此处指她乐于助人的事迹传播开来，使她注意到更多需要她帮助的人。故选d。6b考查动词短语辨析。四个选项皆可与be和to构成短语：be addicted to意为“对上瘾”； be used to意为“习惯/适应于”；be devoted to意为“奉献/投身于”；be opposed to意为“反对”。句意为：尽管她已经习惯了那些受苦的人们，但那个梦令她很震惊。故选b。7a考查动词辨析。decide意为“决定”；agree意为“同意”；forget意为“遗忘”；pretend意为“假装”。由下文中的“and so she started _.she drove to every local hospital.there were children.”可知，maila决定找到她梦中那个孤独的孩子。故选a。8b考查动词辨析。complain意为“抱怨”；search意为“寻找，搜寻”；volunteer意为“自愿(做某事)”；change意为“改变”。根据下文中的“she drove to every local hospital and institution”可知，她是在一些可能的地方寻找那个梦中的孩子。故选b。9d考查形容词辨析。confident意为“充满信心的”；terrified意为“感到害怕的”；excited意为“兴奋的”；awkward意为“难对付的，难处理的”。由下文中的“because she had no idea what the child would look like”可知，因为maila连她自己要找的孩子长什么样都不清楚，所以很难办。故选d。10b考查动词辨析。express意为“表达”；trust意为“信任，相信”；ignore意为“忽视，忽略”；control意为“控制”。根据语境可知，此处指因为不知道孩子长什么样，她只能跟着感觉走，只能相信感觉。故选b。11a考查动词短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”；carry on意为“继续”；focus on意为“专注，聚焦”；depend on意为“依靠，取决于”。由下文“one day she decided to visit”可知，maila不打算放弃寻找。故选a。12c考查副词辨析。slightly意为“轻微地”；rarely意为“稀有地，稀少地”；severely意为“严格地，严重地”；mainly意为“主要地”。根据下文“children that were so badly handicapped”可知，此处指她决定去看望一些严重残疾的孩子。故选c。13b考查动词辨析。interest意为“使感兴趣”；house意为“让居住，给提供住处”；cure意为“治疗”；record意为“记录”。句意为：这个机构给那些严重残疾、在家不能被照顾的孩子提供住宿。故选b。14d考查动词辨析。educate意为“教育，培养”；starve意为“挨饿”；abuse意为“滥用，虐待”；abandon意为“遗弃，放弃”。由下文中的“who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child”可知，此处指那些孩子当中有很多都是在婴儿时期被遗弃的。故选d。15a考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“who never told their new husbands they had had a handicapped child”可知，那些遗弃残疾孩子的妈妈们不会跟她们的再婚丈夫提及这些事。mother意为“母亲，妈妈”，符合语境。故选a。16c考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“a lonely child with huge big tired eyes”可知，此处指她看到了那双她想寻找的疲惫的眼睛。eyes意为“眼睛”，符合语境。故选c。17a考查动词辨析。根据最后一段最后一句“all the love she could not express with her words was written in her eyes.”可知，虽然这个孩子无法说话，但是她的眼睛会“说话”。speak意为“说，讲”，符合语境。故选a。18d考查动词辨析。believe意为“相信，信任”；forgive意为“饶恕，原谅”；suspect意为“怀疑”；recognize意为“认出”。由下文中的“i finally found you！”可知，maila立刻认出了那个出现在她梦中的孩子。故选d。19b考查名词辨析。surprise意为“惊奇”；joy意为“快乐”；scare意为“恐惧”；stress意为“压力”。根据第一段可知，那个梦中的小女孩渴望得到爱并日夜祈祷让人找到她，故此处指小女孩看到maila非常高兴。故选b。20d考查动词辨析。句意为：那个孩子眼睛里的快乐让人相信她们注定会找到彼此。be meant to do意为“注定做”，符合语境。故选d。四、七选五。while its wonderful to share a special trip and new experience with friends or family，theres an attractive case for traveling alone from time to time.solo travel can work for anyone，and here are good reasons why you should try it.you neednt discuss with others.it can be challenging to talk over a trip and time away from work with another busy person in your life._1_ usually, these challenges can be overcome by simply planning far in advance.however，if you cant find a travel partner on short notice，it may be the perfect time to pack your bags and go anyway.youre your own great company.if you rarely spend significant time alone，you may be surprised at how enjoyable it can be._2_ depending on the destination，a solo trip can be a powerful and lifechanging experience.imagine sitting on a peaceful beach at sunset or taking an inviting morning hike alone._3_meet new people.if you are a born open person，traveling alone can be a wonderful way to meet locals and make new friends.often, people who are alone appear more approachable to others._4_ you could even join a group of likemin