高中宾语从句详解课件.ppt

宾语从句TheObjectClause Iknowhim 2 Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 简单句 主语 谓语 宾语从句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 主句 复合句 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 可以放在及物动词或者介词后面 句子结构 主句 连词 引导词 宾语从句 作介词的宾语 Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman 1 引导宾语从句的连接代词主要有 who whom what which whatever whoever等 连接副词主要有 where when how why等 连词主要有that if whether 一 连词 引导词 1 当宾语从句是陈述句时 包括肯定句和否定句 连词由that引导 因为that在从句中不作任何成分 也没有任何具体意思 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 LinTaofeels that hisownteamisevenbetter Shesays that shewon ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday Jimthought that thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty Hesaid that hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster Lilywantedtoknowif whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag Ican tdecidewhethertostay 2 whether和if都意为 是否 通常情况下 二者都可以引导宾语从句 但在介词之后只能用whether 另外 从句后有ornot或动词不定式时 只能用whether 3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 由疑问代词 what who whom which whose 或疑问副词 when where how why 引导 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分 具有一定的意义 所以不可以省略 Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow Idon trememberwhenwearrived IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney Pleasetellmewho whom wehavetosee Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves 二 时态1 如果主句是现在的时态 包括一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 包括一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时等 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow 2 如果主句是过去的时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Hesaidthathehadseenit 3 当从句是客观真理 定义 公理 定理时用一般现在时 Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth 三 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenthelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenthelibrary 2 Whatdoeshewanttobuy Idon tknowwhatbuy Idon tknowwhatbuy 3 Whoarewegoingtomeet Canyoutellmewhomeet Canyoutellmewhomeet hewillgoto willhegoto hewantsto doeshewantsto wearegoingto arewegoingto 4 DoesheknowFrench Wewanttoknowif whetherFrench Wewanttoknowif whetherFrench 5 WilltheygotoCanadainsummer They renotsureif whetherCanadainsummer They renotsureif whetherCanadainsummer heknows doesheknow theywillgoto willtheygoto 1 DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday Doyouknow 2 Mr SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears JimtoldLinTao Doyouknowif whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday JimtoldLinTao that MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears 3 WhichbookshouldIreadfirst Pleasetellme 4 Lighttravelsfasterthansound Ourteachertoldusinyesterday sclass PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst Ourteachertoldus that lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday sclass 1 could would是委婉语气 而不是过去式 因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态 注意事项 Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback 2 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时 连词不可能是that 如果主句的谓语动词是say时 连词用that Shesays that shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk Hesaid that hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation 3 如果从句中含有or或ornot时 只能用whether而不用if Couldyoutellmewhetherthat safasttrainornot Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot Idon tcarewhetherhe llstayhereornot 4 连词 宾语从句连词 todo Idon tknowwhatIshalldonext Idon tknowwhattodonext Shedidn tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose Shedidn tdecidewhichonetochoose Pleasetellmewhomyou llgivetheletterto Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto 5 有时可用it作形式宾语 而把真正的宾语从句后置 如 Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotgivein 6 that在引导宾语从句时无词义 也不充当任何成分 且通常可以省略 但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时 通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略 其余从句的that一般不能省略 如 Myunclesaid that hewouldcomeandthathewouldalsobringhisson 7 在第一人称I we与动词think expect believe guess suppose等连用 后接宾语从句时 通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词 形成否定前移如 Idon tsupposeyou reusedtothisdiet 1 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether2 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which3 Theteacherasksus Jimcancomebackontime A thatB ifC whenD whattime4 Doesanybodyknow wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot A ifB whereC whetherD that D A B C 5 Iwonder heiscryingnow A thatB whyC howD when6 Haveyoufoundout wecandoonHainanIsland A whatB howC ifD whether7 Lilysaid shehadfinishedhercomposition A ifB thatC whenD where8 Idon tknow hestillliveshere A whereB whatC whenD whether B A B D 1 Couldyoushowme A howcanIgettothestationB whereisthestationC howIcouldgettothestationD howIcanreachthestation2 Pleasetellme A whatdoeshelikeB whathedoeslikeC whathelikesD whathelike3 Mysistertoldhim A whatdaywasitB whenthetrainarrivedC whoshewaswaitingD wheredidyoulive C B D 4 Couldyoutellmewherewe nextweek A wouldgoB togoC hadtogoD willgo5 Couldyoutellmehowmuch toflytoHainan A doitcostB doesitcostC itcostD itcosts6 Thesmallchildrendon tknow A whatistheirstockingsinB whatisintheirstockingsC whereistheirstockingsinD whatintheirstockings D B D 7 Someoneisringingthedoorbell Goandsee A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis8 Couldyoutellmehowlong A youhaveboughtthewatchB youhavekeptthissciencebookC haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9 Hesaysthatifit tomorrow he fishing A willrain won tgoB rained wasn tgoC rains won tgoD rain willgo B C D 1 Couldyoutellmeifthey work inthefactorysofar 2 Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun rise ineast 3 What he say justnow I notcanhear him He say thathe plant treeswithhisparentsyesterday 4 Canyoutellmewhen leave tomorrow haveworked rises did say couldn thear said planted toleave 5 Didhesaythattheirparents come heretomorrow 6 Hetoldmetwoweeks be enough 7 Theteachertoldusthatthesun be biggerthanthemoon 8 IthinkI tell youwhat do next Don tjuststayhere todo willtell havetold is wa