高考英语大一轮复习 模块六 Unit 4 Helping people around the world课下作业 牛津译林版选修6.doc

unit 4 helping people around the world写作句型锤炼核心句型升级先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心(2015四川卷)假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿；2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议；4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。注意：1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。hi, sharon，this is li xia. i learned from your post that you want to improve your mandarin.li xia【参考范文】hi,_sharon，this_is_li_xia._i_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_improve_your_mandarin. i am more than glad to give a helping hand. to start with, i have been learning and speaking mandarin for about 17 years. in addition, i have volunteered to help two exchange students with their mandarin learning during the past two years. so im quite confident that i will be well fit for the tutorship.as is always the case with language learning, mandarin learning also asks for lots of practice. to practice as much as possible is where the secret lies. besides, keeping a mandarin diary also helps a lot, in which you can write down your experiences of learning mandarin and your every little progress can be recorded.you mentioned that you would like to teach english in return, which is exactly what i am dying for. i badly need to improve my oral english, so it is great for me to find a native speaker to learn from.looking forward to your reply!li_xia后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来根据句仿写1.as_is_well_known_to_us_all,_tv, cell phones and the web are widely used in an information age.众所周知，电视、手机和网络广泛应用于信息时代。根据句仿写2.i received your letter written on august 15th this morning, in_which_you_had_mentioned_how_to_enrich_vocabulary.你8月15日的来信我今天早上收到了，在信中，你提到如何扩大词汇量的问题。.重点单词识记联想运用会书写一、核心单词1.victim n.受害者2.means n. 手段，方法3.colleague n. 同事4.acquire vt. 购得；获得，得到5.political adj. 政治的；政府的6.expand vi.& vt. 扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强7.alternative adj. 可供替代的 n. 可供选择的事物8.remote adj. 偏远的，偏僻的二、阅读单词1.obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得2.chaos n. 混乱，杂乱，紊乱3.vacant adj. 空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的4.staff n. 全体员工5.charity n. 慈善机构；慈善，赈济；仁爱，宽厚6.carpet n. 地毯7.damp adj. 潮湿的8.shelter n. 住所；藏身之处三、拓展单词1.addition n.增加；添加；此外，另外add vt.& vi.添加；相加，求和；增加additional adj.附加的；另外的2.equal adj.平等的；同等的n.同等的人；相等物vt.与相同或相等equality n.平等；同等equally adv.相等地3.voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的volunteer n.志愿者v.自愿做，无偿做4.contribute vt.& vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致contribution n.贡献；捐献；投稿contributor n.贡献者；捐献者；投稿人5.export n.出口产品，输出品；出口vt.& vi.出口；输出import n.进口产品，进口vt.& vi.进口；输入6.urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的urge vt.催促，力劝 n.强烈欲望urgency n.紧迫，迫切7.starvation n.饥饿；饿死starve_vt.& vi.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿8.possession n.个人财产；拥有，具有possess vt.拥有9.commitment n.承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事commit v.犯罪，做错事；把托付给；使承担义务10.troublesome adj.麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的trouble n.麻烦，烦恼v.(使)烦恼，(使)麻烦11.crowd n.人群 vi.& vt.挤满；使拥挤crowded adj.拥挤的12.remind vt.提醒，使想起reminder n.暗示；提醒人的事物13.lack n.&vt.缺乏lacking adj.缺乏的；短缺的 14.description n.形容，说明describe vt.描述，形容；描绘15.worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的worth n.价值；财产adj.值的worthwhile adj.重要的，令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)的 会积累1.“伸开，扩展”词汇集锦expand v.扩展，扩大extend v. 伸出，延伸spread v. 伸开，传播stretch v. 伸展，拉长enlarge v. 扩大2.“同事，伙/同伴”名词一览partner 伙伴，搭档fellow 同伙，同事comrade 同志，伙伴companion 同伴，伴侣colleague 同事，同僚associate 同事，伙伴3.攻克“空的”形容词vacant 未被占用的empty 空的hollow 空的blank 空白的4.“ical”结尾高频形容词荟萃medical 医学的physical 物理的，身体的chemical 化学的electrical 与电有关的political 政治的，政界的5.“经济生活”相关词export n.& v. 出口；输出import n.& v. 进口；输入finance n.& v. 金融；负担经费bid n.& v. 出价；投标distribute v. 分配；分布invest v. 投资6.后缀“ment”高频名词commitment 承诺，奉献agreement 同意，协议achievement 成就appointment 约定arrangement 安排，布置equipment 设备advertisement 广告announcement 通知；通告punishment 惩罚treatment 对待；治疗会应用用所给词的适当形式填空1.they are still involved in voluntary (volunteer) work promoting local enterprise.2.passengers have to pay additional (addition)charges for their extra luggage.3.this article is well worth reading，but it is not worthy of being translated.so i feel that all your effort isnt worthwhile.(worth)4.many foreigners find it hard to describe the beauty of west lake，because its beauty is beyond description.(describe)5.the crowd went directly to the accident scene，and the spot was crowded with people.(crowd)6.with his business going on well，he at first possessed big houses，cars，and later he took possession of stocks of different companies.(possess)7.all men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)8.the old man was starved to death.people felt pity for his starvation.(starve)9.the teacher urged that the students (should) be taught how to take urgent action in urgency.(urgent)10.they have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees and their contributions will certainly help them live through the winter.(contribute).核心短语识记联想运用会书写1.refer_to谈及，提到；与相关，涉及；查阅，参考2.in_addition 除以外(还)，此外3.draw_ones_attention_to 使(某人)察觉到4.under_the_umbrella_of 在的保护下，在的管理下5.if_only 但愿6.break_down 出故障；抛锚7.in_chaos 处于混乱状态8.get_hold_of 得到；抓住9.remind_sb_of 让某人想起，提醒某人10.think back to 回想11.make a difference 有作用(关系、影响)12.contribute.to. 把捐献给13.far from 离远；远非，远不是14.put up 建造，搭起；张贴15.take on 雇用，承担，呈现16.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事17.look up 查阅，向上看18.be made up of 由构成/组成会积累1.“谈到；涉及”一览talk about/of deal with refer to when it comes to.2.“除以外”家族apart from aside from except for besidesin addition in addition to as well as3.attention相关短语系列draw ones attention to 使某人察觉到call ones attention to. 提醒某人注意fix ones attention on. 集中注意力于bring.to ones attention 使某人注意pay attention to 注意会应用选用上表左栏短语填空1.his health broke_down because of the hard work.2.it was the strong wind that left the garden in_chaos.3.the photographs made me think_back_to my schooldays.4.thanks for your giftit will always remind me of you.5.i thought then and still think that one person can make_a_difference.6.far_from being relaxed，we both felt so uncomfortable that we hardly spoke.7.its not a good habit to look_up every word in the dictionary when reading.8.a notice was put_up in order to remind students of the changed lecture time.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式1：“sthbeadj.to do”句式，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。教材原句 this land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields. 这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。句型仿写 i found the lecture was difficult to_understand，but i tried to figure it out.我发现这个报告很难懂，但我还是尽力理解了。句型公式2：would rather that.意为“宁愿，更喜欢”，从句用虚拟语气。教材原句 i would rather you hadnt told me about it.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。句型仿写 id rather you hadnt_told_him_the_news that day.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。句型公式3：if only意为“但愿/要是就好了”，常引导虚拟语气条件句或感叹句。教材原句 if only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款就好了！句型仿写 if_only_the_whole_family_could_be_united during the spring festival this year!今年春节全家能团圆就好了！.语段改错回顾修正热诵根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。i feel very happy to have chosen to be a goodwill ambassador of the un.first，i should tell you that the un was set up on october 1945.it has four main functions：to keep international peace; to develop friendly relationships among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in promote respect for human rights; and to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations.which you know，the un touches the lives of people everywhere.with the help of the borrowing armies and other worthy organizations，the un assists the victims of wars and disasters.in addition，the un helps protect human rights and works to improving international laws.second，i want to tell you i main visit countries where the un has programmes to help people.the television and press will follow and record my visits，that will increase peoples knowledges of the work of the un.apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts，the un helps countries with other problems such as for lack of education，starvation，disasters，aids and other diseases.so with the work of the un the world has been brought closer together.答案i feel very happy to have chosen to be a goodwill ambassador of the un.first，i should tell you that the un was set up october 1945.it has four main functions: to keep international peace; to develop friendly relationships among nations; to cooperate in solving international problems and in respect for human rights; and to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations. you know，the un touches the lives of people everywhere.with the help of the armies and other worthy organizations ，the un assists the victims of wars and disasters.in addition，the un helps protect human rights and works to international laws.second，i want to tell you i visit countries where the un has programmes to help people.the television and press will follow and record my visits， will increase peoples of the work of the un.apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts，the un helps countries with other problems such as lack of education，starvation，disasters，aids and other diseases.so with the work of the un the world has been brought closer together.核 心 词 汇1.lack n.& vt.& vi.缺乏(1)lackn. 缺乏lack for 需求；需要(多用于否定句) (2)for lack/short of 因缺乏a lack ofn. 缺乏(no) lack of. (不)缺乏(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的(不用于名词前)be lacking in 缺乏(在抽象事物方面)when there is a_lack_of food，there is hunger.当食物匮乏时，就会有饥饿。(教材原句)lacking_(lack) confidence can lead to a lot of suffering，so you should believe in yourself.缺乏自信会导致许多痛苦，所以你应该相信自己。more and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack/short_of_space.由于缺少空间，大城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。名师指津lack是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构，也不用于进行时。2.worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的(1)be worthy(2)be worth(3) 值得做某事as far as im concerned，some poems are worthy of_being_shared/to_be_shared(share).依我看，有些诗值得分享。the reference book is worth buying，because it is a great help for your study.the reference book is worthy to_be_bought (buy)，because it is a great help for your study.the reference book is worthy of being_bought (buy)，because it is a great help for your study.it is worthwhile buying/to_buy(buy) the reference book，because it is a great help for your study.这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。3.equal adj.平等的；同等的，相同的；胜任的n.同等的人；相等物vt.与相同或相等(1)be equal to (doing) sth(in.) (在方面)与相等；能胜任equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物without equal无与伦比(2)equally adv. 相等地，相同地equality n. 平等，同等；均等in many respects women see themselves as equal_to their men.在很多方面，女性认为自己和丈夫平等。none of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally (equal) respected.任何一个人，不管是政府官员还是公共汽车司机都应该同样受到尊敬。his paintings are without equal in the western world.他的画在西方世界首屈一指。名师指津表示“胜任”的短语还有：be fit forbe qualified for4.contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；导致；投稿(1)contribute.to. (把)贡献给；(向) 捐款；投稿contribute to 促成，导致；有助于；是原因(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件make contributions/a contribution to (doing). 对(做)作出贡献they collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed(contribute)by the government.(教材原句)他们每天从每个成员那里筹集到大约1.35元，然后汇集到政府所捐赠的款子上。the scientist was rewarded by the government for having made such a great contribution(contribute)to the country.这位科学家因对国家做了这么大的贡献而受到奖励。a large population and too many private cars contribute to heavy traffic jam in the city.大量的人口和过多的私家车导致城市严重的交通阻塞。名师指津contribute to和make a contribution/contributions to中的to都为介词，后要接名词、代词或动名词。every citizen should make contributions to protecting (protect) the environment.每个公民都应当为保护环境做贡献。5.alternative adj.可供替代的，供选择的；其他的n.可供选择的事物；选择对象(1)alternative energy替代性能源have no alternative/choice but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事an alternative to. 的替代品(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternative_energy.科学家正在研究新的方法来使用一些可替代性能源。though i dont like the school lunch，i have no alternative but to_eat(eat).尽管我不喜欢学校准备的午餐，但我别无选择只好将就着吃。6.possession n.个人财产(常用复数)；拥有，具有(1)sb be in possession of sth某人拥有某物sth be in the possession of sb 某物为某人所拥有take/have possession of 拥有；占领，夺取(2)possess vt. (使)占有，(使)拥有；支配(不用于进行时)be possessed of 具有(某种品质、能力等)although he doesnt possess much money，he is possessed of good health.虽然他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。though dressed poorly，the old man is in possession of a large company.though the old man dresses himself poorly，a large company is in_the_possession_of him.though dressed poorly，the old man takes/has_possession_of a large company.尽管穿得很破，但这个老人拥有一家大公司。7.means n.手段，方法(1)a means of.的方法means of production/transport/communication 生产工具/运输工具/通信手段(2)by means of 用，依靠；通过by all means 无论如何；当然可以(口语)by no means 绝对不；无论如何都不(用于句首，句子要部分倒装)she could not speak，but made her wishes known by_means_of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。by_no_means is punishment a wise choice to assist them to grow up mentally and physically.惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心成长的明智选择。名师指津当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.all possible means have been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.我们采取了各种各样的措施预防空气污染，但天空还是灰蒙蒙的。8.remind vt.提醒，使想起remind sb of/about sth使某人想起某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事remind sb that/whclause 使某人想起；提醒某人it reminded me of my time in sudan，where several doctors without borders staff were attacked as people tried to get the food.(教材原句)这使我想起了我在苏丹的那段时光，当时人们哄抢食物，有好几名无国界医生组织的工作人员受到了攻击。after getting the work done，we put up a board reminding people to_protect (protect)the trees.做完所有的工作后，我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些树。passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客们被提醒在本次列车上禁止吸烟。名师指津其他“v.sb of sth”结构的短语还有：inform sb of sth通知某人某事rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事 warn sb of sth 警告某人某事cure sb of sth 治愈某人某病convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事9.refer to 谈及，提到；与相关，涉及；查阅，参考一词多义写出下列句中refer to的含义if you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.查阅your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考we have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及(1)refer to.as.把称作refer.to. 把提交给/归类于(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅the scientists refer this flower to the rose family.科学家将这种花归入蔷薇科。they referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.他们把这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。the textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books.课本和字典可以用作参考书。10.break down 出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉，崩溃；(谈判，计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解一词多义写出下列句中break down的含义news reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.失败lets break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one.分解oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.出故障you will break down if you take on more work than you can.身体垮掉break up 打碎；驱散；(关系)破裂，分手；(会议等)结束；(物理)解体break in 打断，插嘴；强行闯入break into 强行进入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)break off 使折断；突然终止；中断(谈话等)break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发break away (from.) 逃脱；脱离the manager broke off speaking to answer the cell phone.经理中断讲话去接电话。should another world war break out，what would become of human beings?万一又一次世界大战爆发， 人类将会发生什么事？in order to get some money，the man broke up that old machine and sell some parts.为了弄些钱，那个人拆散了那部旧机器，卖掉部分零件。11.make a difference 有作用(关系、影响)make no/little difference to对没有影响/作用make some/much difference to 对有些/很大影响/作用tell the difference between a and b 辨别a和bits through commitment and sweat that i can make_a_difference within myself inside and out.正是通过奉献和汗水，我才能够对自己的身心和行为产生影响。your age shouldnt make_much_difference_to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这份工作应该与你的年龄没有很大关系。the twins are so alike; its difficult to _tell_the_difference.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。重 点 句 型1.this_land_was_difficult_to_farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。this land was difficult to farm是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，其中 this land是farm的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, good, pleasant, interesting, exciting等(2)不定式与其逻辑主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词the book mum bought me for my birthday is easy to_understand_(understand).我生日时妈妈为我买的那本书容易理解。this machine is very easy to_operate_(operate).anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.这台机器很容易操作。任何人学习几分钟就会使用。the flat，which is near the sea，is comfortable to_live_in.这套靠近大海的公寓住起来很舒适。2.if_only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款就好了！本句中if only.引导的是一种虚拟语气的感叹句，意为“但愿/如果就好了”，它还可用来引导虚拟语气的条件句。(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用if only sb did/were.(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb had done.(3)表示与将来事实相反的愿望用if only sb would/could/might do.if only i had(have)more money，i could buy some new clothes.如果我有更多的钱就好了，我可以买些新衣服了。its too bad that i failed in the math exam.if only i_had_worked (work) hard at it!我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了，要是我之前努力学习就好了。名师指津only if表示“只有，只要”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气；若其引导的从句置于句首，且与主句之间没用逗号隔开，则主句要用倒装。in a word，only if you learn english by using it can_you_learn it well.总之，只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。当 堂 达 标.单词拼写1.my grandparents were from a remote (偏僻的) village in india.2.th