广东省广州大学附属中学等三校2018_2019学年高一英语下学期期中联考试题（含解析）.docx

2018-2019学年下学期期中三校联考高一英语 试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。2选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why is the man going to New York?A. To have a holidayB. To attend a meetingC. To see his grandparents2. How was the weather at noon?A. Cool B. Cold C. Hot3. Who had a car accident?A. Bill B. Dick C. John4. What do the speakers think of Carl?A. Modest B. Kind C. Stubborn5. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The man missed the meeting completely.B. The man was late for the meeting.C. The man attended the meeting on time.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。6. When did the womans grandmother give her the necklace?A. Before her death B. At the womans wedding C. On the womans birthday7. Where is the beautiful vase from?A. Canada B. Japan C. China听第7段对话，回答第8、9题。8. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a bank B. At a restaurant C. At a hotel9. How does the woman feel at last?A. Quite surprised B. Very angry C. A little impatient听第8段对话，回答第10至12题。10. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Clerk and customer B. Boss and secretary C. Doctor and patient11. Where is the recreation (娱乐) centre?A. On the third floor B. On the second floor C. On the ground floor12. What kind of music isnt mentioned in the conversation?A. Country music B. Classical music C. Modern music听第9段对话，回答第13至16题。13. Whom does the woman want to buy a piano for?A. Her daughter B. Her son C. Herself14. How does the woman feel about the price of the first piano?A. Quite reasonable B. Very high C. Very low15. How much will the woman pay for the piano she will take?A. $ 1,000 B. $ 620 C. $ 60016. What do we know about the store?A. It is in New York. B. It will deliver the piano for free. C. It is not well-known.听第10段对话，回答第17至20题。17. What is the problem of some university students?A. They dont spend all their time on studies.B. They dont know what to do with their free time.C. They dont have choices for outside class activities.18. How was the students high school life?A. Controlled and busyB. Regular and colorfulC. Active and independent19. What is the role of outside class activities at university according to the man?A. To make students healthier and happierB. To arouse students learning interestC. To enrich students life experience20. What does the man advise the unhappy students to do?A. Learn to enjoy themselves.B. Learn to make decisions on their ownC. Learn to devote themselves to college studies第二部分 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）1.Mrs. Brown really _ go on a diet. She has put on so much weight since she gave up jogging.A. couldB. ought toC. mayD. must【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：布朗太太真的应该节食了。自从她放弃慢跑后，体重增加了很多。A. could能够；B. ought to应该；C. may也许；D. must必须。情态动词ought to指建议或劝告某人“应该”做某事。故选B。2.This project _ considered thoroughly, and Im sure it _ finished on time.A. must be; may beB. should be; can beC. may be; must beD. can be; should be【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be 表示“应该” 这个项目要求考虑的全面，can be 表示“能够” 有能力完成这个项目，所以选B。考点：考查情态动词3.John left a word with my secretary _ he would call me later.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：约翰给我的秘书留下口信：他稍后会打电话给我。根据句子的语境可知_ he would call me later.的意思既是word的内容，同时从句中又不缺少句子成分，因此只需引导词that引导同位语从句。故选B。【点睛】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。本题为同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。4.Has Mary finished writing her article? No, and it _ before class was over.A. should be finishedB. should finishC. should have finishedD. ought to have been finished【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：玛丽写完了她的文章吗?没有，而且它应该在下课前完成。从句子结构看，it与finish之间为被动关系，应该使用被动语态；从句子class was over.表示过去的时间看，表示的是过去应该做完。ought to have done sth.表示过去应该做完某事，但实际上还未完成。意思与should have done sth.相同，只是语气更重一些。故选D。5.We dont doubt _ he will succeed in the research work.A. thatB. whetherC. howD. what【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们不怀疑他会在研究工作中取得成功。动词doubt在否定句或疑问句中通常接that引导的从句。故选A。【点睛】动词doubt后接宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。6.All _ made _ possible for China to succeed in carrying on its reforms and open-door policy.A. what happened; itB. what happened; thatC. that happened; itD. that happened; that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和代词。句意：所有发生的这一切使中国能够继续贯彻改革开放的政策。先行词all在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that引导的定语从句，排除A、B项；依据 make + it +adj. /n.+ to do sth / that-clause可知，不定式to succeed in carrying on its reforms and open-door policy.是真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。故选C。7.This painting is splendid but _ we actually need it is a different matter.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这幅画很好，我们是否真正需要它是另一回事。whether表示“是否”，引导主语从句，根据句意可以选出正确答案。故选C。8.I couldnt understand _ with me.A. the matter was whatB. what was the matterC. what the matter wasD. that was the matter【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句语序。句意：我不明白我怎么了。当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，结构为：主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分，但what is/was the matter是特殊结构，在宾语位置句序不变。故选B。9._ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. ThatwhatB. WhatthatC. ThatwhichD. Whatwhich【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。What引导主语从句What surprised me most，并在句中做主语。That引导表语从句that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.因为这个表语从句很完整，所以使用that引导，that没有任何意思，只起连接作用。10._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybody【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论谁犯了错误都必须要改正。whoever“无论谁”，相当于定语从句anyone who。故选C。第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该题涂黑。ADonna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel prize for physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Grard Mourou. Its the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists past and present who actually deserve the prize.Jocelyn Bell BurnellPerhaps the most famous snub(冷落): then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognized this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a 2.3m Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to the Guardian，“I feel Ive done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize.”Lene HauHau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Haus year?Vera RubinRubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.Chien-Shiung WuWus “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.Lise MeitnerMeitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel prize for chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.11. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognized by the Nobel?A. In 1944B. In 1967.C. In 1974.D. In 1980.12. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text?A. Donna StricklandB. Jocelyn Bell BurnellC. Lene HauD. Vera Rubin13. What do we know about the five females?A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.C. Lise Meitners teacher won a Noble prize for her work.D. All their findings havent been recognized by the Nobel.【答案】11. C 12. C 13. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五位开创性的女物理学家，她们在科学研究方面做出了巨大贡献，她们应该获诺贝尔奖但由于种种原因而未能获得。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974,可知第一个radio pulsars在1967年被发现，被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。故选C.【12题详解】细节理解题。根据Lene Hau中Often topping Nobel prize prediction lists,可知Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单上榜首，她最有可能获诺贝尔奖。故选C.【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段总述中Its the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists past and present who actually deserve the prize.可知Donna Strickland是第一个获诺贝尔物理奖的女性，而文中介绍的5位女科学家都应该获得这个奖，但由于各种原因未能获奖。故选D.【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。文章介绍了五位开创性的女物理学家，她们在科学研究方面做出了巨大贡献，她们应该获诺贝尔奖但由于各种原因并没有获得。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974,可知第一个radio pulsars在1967年被发现，被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。小题2根据Lene Hau中Often topping Nobel prize prediction lists,可知Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单上榜首，她最有可能获诺贝尔奖。B(CNN) A 12 -year-old girl who had a feeling that she might be quite clever has taken a test and proved she was absolutely right.Lydia Sebastian achieved the top score of 162 on Mensas Cattell III B paper, showing she has a higher IQ than well-known geniuses Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. The comparison doesnt sit well with the British student, whos currently in Year 8 at a selective girls grammar school in Essex, England.“I dont think I can be compared to such great intellectuals as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Theyve achieved so much. I dont think its right”, Lydia told CNN.To explain Lydias marks level, the top adult score in the Cattell III B test, which mainly tests verbal(语言) reasoning, is 161. A top 2% score which allows entry to Mensa, the club for those with high IQs would be 148 or over. Lydia scored 162, placing her in the top 1% of the population.Lydias not quite sure what she wants to do when she leaves school, although shes leaning toward something based on Maths, because its one of her favorite subjects. “All Im going to do is work as hard as I can, and see where that gets me,” she said.14. The reason why Lydia wanted to have an IQ test was that _,A. her parents strongly wanted her to do so.B. she felt that she might have a high EQ.C. all people around thought that she was smart.D. the grammar school advised her to do so.15. Which of the following can best take the place of the underlined words in the second paragraph?A. be connected with.B. be accepted by.C. be satisfied with.D. be refused by.16. What is Lydias plan about the future ?A. She has the possibility of doing something on Maths in the future.B. She doesnt have to work hard with her high IQ.C. She is quite sure about what to do in the future.D. She will drop out of the grammar school.17. It can be implied from the passage that _.A. No one has achieved a higher IQ than Lydia.B. Only adults with high IQs can enter Mensa.C. Whoever has a high IQ can enter Mensa.D. Mary whose IQ score is 150 can enter Mensa.【答案】14. B 15. B 16. A 17. D【解析】【分析】本文数一篇新闻报道。据CNN报道，一项测试证明了一位12岁天才少女的超群智慧。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的A 12-year-old girl who had a feeling that she might be quite clever has taken a test可知，她想做IQ测试是因为她感觉自己的IQ很高。故选B。【15题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段Lydia说的话I dont think I can be compared to such great intellectuals such as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Theyve achieved so much. I dont think its right可知，Lydia认为她和爱因斯坦、霍金这样的伟人根本无法相比。从而可以猜测出，这句话指：这个比较不被这位英国学生所接受。故选B。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Lydias not quite sure what she wants to do when she leaves school, although shes leaning toward something based on Maths, because its one of her favorite subjects.可知，未来Lydia倾向于研究数学。故选A。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段A top 2% score which allows entry to Mensa, the club for those with high IQs would be 148 or over.可知，Mensa俱乐部只接收分数在148或以上的智商极高的人。从而可以推断出，智商为150的玛丽可以进入Mensa。故选D。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2要求猜测出sit well with的含义，就是根据文章第三段Lydia说的话I dont think I can be compared to such great intellectuals such as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Theyve achieved so much. I dont think its right可知，Lydia认为她和爱因斯坦、霍金这样的伟人根本无法相比。从而可以猜测出，这句话指：这个比较不被这位英国学生所接受。从而推测出sit well with之意。CThe clock is ticking. David Brunelli has just swallowed a huge burger. The crowd cheers excitedly as he downs fistfuls of fries.Welcome to the world of competitive eating.Brunelli is part of a select group who compete to eat massive quantities of food as quickly as possible. Eating contests may seem like harmless fun, but they have a dark side and some critics are saying its time for them to stop.Pouring crazy amounts of food down our throats is nothing new. Gorging banquets (狼吞虎咽）was a regular part of ancient Roman culture. In the 1800s, some New York City politicians settled bets through eating challenges. Pie-eating contests have been a Fourth of July tradition for more than a century.For supporters like Brunelli, though, eating contests are more than a custom. They are a path to fortune.But prize money does nothing to reduce the health risks of competitive eating. Competitive eating can even be life-threatening. In 1991, a man in Virginia suffered a stroke (中风) after eating 38 eggs in 29 seconds; In Florida, in 2012, a man died shortly after winning an eating contest leading a group of doctors to call for a ban on eating contests.In any event, the risk to competitors is only part of the story. Nearly two-thirds of Americans are overweight, and competitive eating sets a terrible example by encouraging overeating. And in a world where 805 million people go hungry every day, downing ridiculous quantities of food for entertainment seems not just wasteful but also cruel.For now, though, it seems eating contests are here to stay. Last year, more than three million viewers watched Nathans Famous Hot Dog Eating Contest on TV. This year, Matt Stonie ate 182 pieces of bacon in 5 minutes, breaking the world record.What record will be broken next? Do you really want to find out?18. What does the author try to express in Paragraph 4?A. Competitive eating is a tradition.B. Its great to learn from ancient people.C. Competitive eating should be accepted.D. Its exciting to challenge others to eat.19. Why does Brunelli take part in the eating contest?A. For food.B. For fun.C. For honor.D. For money.20. The examples given in Paragraph 6 are used to show eating contests .A. use unhealthy food.B. waste too much food.C. put competitors at risk.D. set a bad example to kids21. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author hopes to break the record.B. The author is eager to know the result.C. The author wants readers to find out the result.D. The author disapproves of competitive eating.【答案】18. A 19. D 20. C 21. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。欢迎来到竞争性饮食的世界。作者认为“竞争性饮食是一种传统。” “作者不赞成竞争性饮食。”【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Gorging banquets (狼吞虎咽会）were a regular part of ancient Roman culture. In the 1800s, some New York City politicians settled bets through eating challenges. Pie-eating contests have been a Fourth of July tradition for more than a century.可知，作者试图在第4段中表达“竞争性饮食是一种传统。”故选A。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段For supporters like Brunelli, though, eating contests are more than a custom. They are a path to fortune.可知，Brunelli为了钱参加饮食比赛。故选D。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中But prize money does nothing to reduce the health risks of competitive eating. Competitive eating can even be life-threatening.可知，第6段中所举的例子用来说明吃东西的竞赛会使竞争者处于危险之中。故选C。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中For now, though，it seems eating contests are here to stay.和What record will be broken next? Do you really want to find out?可知，从最后一段可以推断出“作者不赞成竞争性饮食”故选D。【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第3小题，根据第六段中But prize money does nothing to reduce the health risks of competitive eating. Competitive eating can even be life-threatening.可知，第6段中所举的例子用来说明吃东西的竞赛会使竞争者处于危险之中。故选C。DOver the past few years Ive had an uncomfortable sense that someone, or something, has been making changes to my brain. Im not thinking the way I used to think. I can feel it most strongly when Im reading. Involving myself in a book or a lengthy article used to be easy. Thats rarely the case anymore.I think I know whats going on. For over a decade, Ive been spending lots of time online. The Web has been a godsend to me as a writer. Research that once required days in the rooms of libraries can now be done in minutes by a few Google searches. Even when Im not working, Im scanning headlines or just tripping from link to link.The Net is becoming a universal medium where information flows through my eyes and ears and into mind. The perfect recall of silicon memory (硅制存储器) can be a blessing to thinking. But that comes at a price. As the media theo