浅析可爱的贵妇中女主人公的“恋子情结”毕业论文.doc

本科毕业论文题目（中文）浅析可爱的贵妇中女主人公的“恋子情结”（外文）On Jocasta Complex of the Heroine in the Lovely Lady On Jocasta Complex of the Heroine in the Lovely LadyAbstractD.H. Lawrence as one of the most famous novelists in English history is known for his novels Sons and Lovers and Lady Chatterleys Lover, in which most researches on Jocasta complex were made. Lawrences best-known short stories include “The Capitals Doll”, “The Fox”, “The Lovely Lady” and “The Princess”. The short fiction the Lovely Lady is one of his later works, and it is about a lovely lady who controls her son with her strong motherly love, which leads her strong psychological dependence, and which makes her sons unable to have the normal love with other girls and even makes them lose life. Finally her secret has been found, and her second son extricates himself from her control. At present, there are so many researches of his works. And about the abnormal love in Lawrences works, most researches paid more attention to the boys strong love for and attachment to his mother and consequent jealousy and hatred towards his fatherOedipus complex. On the contrary, there are few researches about the strong love of a mother to her own son, which is called Jocasta complex. So exploring Jocasta complex in the Lovely Lady will have important academic value and practical significance. From the view of mother, through analyzing the reflection of Jocasta Complex of the heroine in the lovely lady, this paper aims to prove the tragedy of the heroine is caused by her Jocasta Complex.This paper contains four parts. The first is to introduce the research; the second part is about the research background; the third part will analyze Jocasta complex of the heroine; and the final part will make a conclusion.Key words: Jocasta Complex; psychological dependence; tragedy; abnormal loveOn Jocasta Complex of the Heroine in the Lovely LadyOutlineThesis Statement: Through analyzing the reflection of Jocasta Complex of the heroine in the lovely lady, this paper aims to prove the tragedy of the heroine is caused by her Jocasta Complex. Introduction. Research BackgroundA. Introduction to D.H. LaurenceB. Introduction to the Lovely LadyC. About Jocasta Complex. Analysis of Heroines Jocasta ComplexA. Reflection of Jocasta Complex in this novel1. Death of Henry2. Paulines Attitude toward Robert3. Pauline s Attitude towards Ciss and Love Between Robert and herB. Reasons for Heroines Jocasta Complex1. Typical Women Characterization in Patriarchal Society2. Unhappy MarriageC. The Influence of Jocasta complex1. Tragedy of Heroine2. Influence on Other Characters. ConclusionStatement of Originality I hereby declare that thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree at any university or other institute of tertiary education. Information derived from the published and unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given in the bibliography. October 13th, 2014 On Jocasta Complex of the Heroine in the Lovely Lady . IntroductionD.H Laurence was known as “one of the greatest personages history of English literature”. About his works, people know more about his long novel like the son and lovers, and about the abnormal love between mother and son, about Oedipus complex.Meanwhile, Oedipus complex, in Freuds theory, reveals a desire of people, which is around people in a potential way and influences peoples growth. However, Freud only says one aspect of this problem, while the other side of the problem doesnt appear in the Oedipus complex, but in the abnormal love of mother to son, there is a spear psychology of mother. On the one hand, they want their children to grow up quickly; on the other hand, when the children grow up, they are afraid of losing them; and they even have a psychological dependence on their children.“In 1920, Raymond de Saussureintroduced it by way of analogy to its logical converse in psychoanalysis, and it may be used to cover different degrees of attachment,including domineering but asexual mother love something perhaps particularly prevalent with an intelligent son and an absent weak father figure.”1 So this paper will introduce one of the short novels of Laurence about Jocasta complex in the lovely lady. The Jocasta Complex is one significant reason which leads to the heroines tragedy. This paper will analyze the reflections and the reasons that cause the heroines tragedy from different aspects. The paper will use several approaches to approve the thesis, such as illustration, comparison, and cause and effect. This paper contains four parts. The first part is to introduce the research; the second part is about the research background; the third part will analyze Jocasta complex of the heroine; and the final part will make a conclusion. . Research BackgroundA. Introduction to D.H. LaurenceDavid Herbert Lawrence(11 September 1885 2 March 1930) was an English novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, literary critic and painter who published asD. H. Lawrence. And he is one of the most influent novelists in the history of western literature. Meanwhile he is one of the most unique and most controversial writers in the British history. He was born in 1885, in a miners family. His father was a totally illiterate miner and his mother was a primary school teacher who was born in a noble family and she was a woman of strong character and refinement. Because of the broken marriage of his parents, D.H. Lawrence was physically weak and full of illness. He had a deep feeling with his mother which was different from normal one. This made Lawrence be famous as a writer who wrote the abnormal love that between mother and son. Until November of 1910, after his mother died of illness, Lawrence went out of the struggling of the odd-shaped mother love. And his novel son and lovers made David Herbert Lawrence become famous. There is an autobiography body novel which is about his unique family life in early years that he had gone through. One lopsided experience of the miner Walter Mao Ruier in the novel is exactly the portrayal of the Lawrences life. Furthermore his collected works, among other things, represent an extended reflection upon the dehumanizing effects of modernity andindustrialisation. In them, some of the issues Lawrence explores are emotional health, vitality, spontaneity and instinct. His classical short novel the lovely lady is one of his works in which he tried to change his writing style into modernism, which also made D.H Laurence become one of the greatest writers of the short novels.B. Introduction to the Lovely LadyThe lovely lady tells a story about a lovely lady who has strong feeling to her own son and wants to control her son. Pauline is a beautiful and charming lady who has a twisty hearts and she prevents other girls from being in love with her sons with lie, cheat and ridicule to. Because of this, her first son was dead of depression and her second son also is controlled by her abnormal mother love. Through the third person Cisss eye, author makes the reader know the abnormal love between mother and son. And finally also through Cisss eye, Paulines secret is revealed. Pauline also died of this.In the novel the Lovely Lady, the heroine is named Pauline Attenborough. She is a woman with elegant taste and she is always surrounded by a variety of exquisite artworks. And she lives in a quiet town which is in a little dale and surrounded by some pleasant grounds. Her house is a quite exquisite thing, too. To Pauline, its a ideal place to have an ideal life.Her everything is beautiful and exquisite and she likes collecting art works, and she is a woman who is fired with beautiful things and in other peoples eyes she is a beautiful artwork. As the author describes that: At SEVENTY-TWO, Pauline Attenborough could still sometimes be mistaken, in the half-light, for thirty. She really was a wonderfully preserved woman, of perfect chic. Of course, it helps a great deal to have the right frame. She would be an exquisite skeleton, and her skull would be an exquisite skull, like that of the bone and the pretty nave teeth.2 Thats true, Pauline is an excellent woman with beauty, loveliness, high tasty and great charming. “And Pauline, who had really a passion and a genius for liveliness, whether in texture or form or color, had laid the basis of her fortune on her fathers collection. She had gone on collecting, buying where she could, and selling to collectors and to museums.”3 She treats herself very well and makes up herself well. She makes her a model of perfect woman at least in the eyes of the man she cares. However, her beauty is not taken on to everyone. After her husband died, she has not married again. She is not even known to have had lovers. If she did have lovers, it is not among the men who admires her most and pays her devout and open attendance. To these she was a “friend. To her niece Cecilia, she does not trouble to keep the glamour. And Ciss is not beautiful, and she is thirty, and depends on her Aunt Pauline. She only shows her beauty when:her son Robert, in the evenings, and Sir Wilfred Knipe sometimes in the afternoon to tea; then occasional visitors on Saturday, when Robert was home; for these she was her lovely and changeless self, that age could not winter, nor custom stale; so bright and kindly and yet subtly mocking, like Mona Lisa who knew a thing or two.4 From this, we can see that Pauline is a lovely lady but who has abnormal felling to her own son. So it leads to Jocasta Complex. She is a mother who always shows her niceness and wonderfulness to her son, and she wants to control her son because of her abnormal love to her own son. Furthermore, in this short story, there is another important protagonist, who is Paulines niece Cecilia. Everything about Pauline that can not be accepted by the normal people is told by Ciss. So Ciss in the novel is playing a role of teller of Paulines secrete. The whole storys plot is told and controlled by Ciss. So she could be called the second important person in the story. Under authors writing, she is a big dark-complexioned pug-faced young woman who is very shy, and, when she wants to talk something, could not get it out. But she loves Robert. In her Aunt Paulines eyes, she is a foil. But because she falls in love with Robert, she is intolerable in Paulines eyes. And she knows about the special love between her aunt and her lover Robert. She thinks that relationship was the data of as weird a document as Robert ever studied: all the things she know about her Aunt and cousin. And as the final person who exposes the secret of Pauline. Ciss is the key person in the novel.Robert, the son of the heroine Pauline, was controlled by her mothers strong abnormal love. He is also one of the injured parts in this tragedy. Robert is medium-sized, rather broad and strong. He has a cleaning face and sometimes like an Italian priest, because of its silence and secrecy. However, his eyes are like her mother but he is very shy and not outgoing, not bold like hers. He is a lawyer; he likes reading law and collecting old Mexican legal documents, reports of processes and trials, pleas, accusations, the weird and awful mixture of ecclesiastical law and common law in seventeenth century. He always reads these old papers with his mother in the evening, which is thought wonderful to him and his mother. He loves his mother; he pays all his attention to his mother, drawn to her as a humble flower to the sun and even sometimes he is not aware of that there is a Ciss, and that is something wrong. But this was the relationship between him and his mother.C. Definition of Jocasta Complex In his theory of psychoanalysis, Freud introduces the term “Oedipus complex”, which was defined this abnormal love from son to mother. But this love must have two aspects. On the one hand, its from mother to son; on the other hand, it should be from son to mother. “Oedipus complex” is one hand, and the other hand, that is “Jcasta complex”. According to its origins, the “Jocasta complex” was defined as this, “the Jocasta complex is named forJocasta, the fictional Greek queen who had a sexual relationship with her son. The Jocasta complex is similar to the Oedipus complex. Inpsychoanalytic analysis, theJocasta complex is theincestuoussexual desireof a mother towards her son.”5 From this, the “Jocasta complex” is an abnormal love, and it is unhealthy and not good for either mother or son, which appears more on the person who has a strong possessiveness and manipulates. There are some more analytic discussions about Jocasta complex. Theodor Reik saw the “Jocasta complex, with an unfulfilled adult relationship of their own and over-concern for their child instead, as a prime source of neurosis. George Devereux went further, talked about that the childs Oedipus complex was triggered by a pre-existing parental complex. And Eric Berne also explored the other side of the Oedipus complex, pointing to related family dramas such as mother sleeping with daughters boyfriendwhen mother has no son to play Jocasta with. About Jocasta complex, there are so many papers to discuss it. Such as the Influence of Mrs. Morels Oedipus Complex on Paul in Sons and Lovers which was from Journal of Language and Literature (foreign language teaching), and On the “Jocasta complex” of Adam Bade from Writer wrote by Li Zhicai. Papers like these about Jocasta complex are so many, and predecessors all researched the Jocasta complex more in Lawrences Sons and Lovers, and there are also many researches about Oedipus complex in Laurences works. And there are few researches about the Lovely Lady, and the lovely lady is one of the typical works about Jocasta complex. So it is significant and valuable to research the Jocasta complex in the Lovely Lady. . Analysis of Heroines Jocasta ComplexA. Reflection of Jocasta Complex in This Novel1. Death of Henry Henry is the elder son of Pauline, the brother of Robert. He is twelve years older than Robert and he died when he was twenty-two. In the novel, in CIsss view, she knows that Henry has caught some sudden common diseases, but the poison has gone to his brain and killed him, before he ever regained consciousness. But the reason that causes Henrys death is that he was passionately in love with a young and very good-looking actress, and his mother had humorously despised him for the attachment. Why Pauline did not want her son Henry to marry a girl he loved? The answer is that Pauline could not stand that any girl approached her son because of her strong control. All these were heard by Ciss when Pauline is asleep in an afternoon: “No, Henry dear! It was not my fault you died instead of marrying that Claudia. No, darling. I was quite, quite willing for you to marry her, unsuitable though she wasNo, darling! I told you you would tire of her in six months. And you see, it was true, dear. It as true, true, true! I wanted to spare you that. So it wasnt I who made you feel weak and disabled, wanting that very silly Claudia; poor thing, she looked so woebegone afterwards! Wanting her and not wanting her, you got yourself into that perplexity, my dear. I only warned you. What else could I do? And you lost your spirit and died without ever knowing me again. It was bitter, bitter”6 Pauline tells the truth in her sleep talking，In the Freuds book Interpretation of Dreams, Dreams, are all forms of wish fulfillment attempts by the unconscious to resolve a conflict of some sort, whether something recent or something from the recesses of the past (later inBeyond the Pleasure Principle, Freud would discuss dreams which do not appear to be wish-fulfillment). Because the information in the unconscious is in an unruly and often disturbing form, a censor in the preconscious will not allow it to pass unaltered into the conscious. So Pauline suffered by the death of Henry, but she still could not control the feeling of herself to her sons. Her abnormal love contributes to Henrys death. And she couldnt enjoy a good sleep either. And she is even afraid that anyone would know it. So she does not allow anyone to go to her bedroom. It occurs to Ciss that why nobody can enter Paulines bedroom even Robert, why Pauline never take a nap in a chair and never have a peace in anywhere. But only when she rouses herself to be alert, she will talk to herself. She is not crazy. But she cannot stop do this. Even Paulines Jocasta complex caused the death of Henry, but after Henrys death she lays this feeling on her second son Robert, which makes Robert unable to have a normal relationship with other girls. And after Robert is in love with Ciss, they even could not have a normal development in their love relationship. One day, when Ciss asked Robert for a kiss, he just kissed her gently on her cheek. There is a conversation between them two: And sit with me sometime in the garden,” she said, murmuring with difficult, “wont you?” He looked at her anxiously and searchingly. “What about mother?” he said. Ciss smiled a funny little smile, and looked into his eyes. He suddenly flushed crimson, turning aside his face. It was a painful sight. “I know,” he said, “I am no lover of women.7 From this conversation, it shows that Ciss wanted