课上用被动语态 Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿.ppt

三 被动语态常用的八种时态1 一般现在时 Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry Theschooldoesn tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher 2 一般过去时 Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth Thestudentsdidn tforgethislessonseasily Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten 3 一般将来时 Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea Carswillbesentabroadbysea Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool leavers Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool leavers 4 过去将来时 Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible 5 现在进行时 TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio Wearepaintingtherooms Theroomsarebeingpainted 6 过去进行时 Whydidn ttheydrivethereontime Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad Becausetheroadwasbeingmended Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear 7 现在完成时 Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff Wehavebroughtdowntheprice Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown 8 过去完成时 WhenIgottothetheatre Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets WhenIgottothetheatre Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader 9 含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态是由 情态动词 be 及物动词的过去分词 构成 Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim 10 动词不定式的被动语态 to be 过去分词eg 1 Hewastoldtobeinvitedataparty 2 Moretreesneedtobeplanted 3 Theoldmanwantedtobelookedafterverywell 注意 在主动句中see watch hear make等后 宾语 不带to的动词原形的结构变为被动句时一律在它们的过去分词后 即 seen watched heard made等后必需加上to 再加动词原形 eg 1 Wehearbirdssingeverymorning Birdsareheardtosingbyuseverymorning 2 Hisfathermadehimstayathome Hewasmadetostayathomebyhisfather 3 Shesawhersonstudyinhisownroom Hersonwasseentostudyinhisownroom 注意 一般在下列动词后 常在主动句中的直接宾语变为被动句中的主语后 在这些动词后加上介词to 如 bring give hand lend offer pass pay promise sell show take teach tell等 eg 1 主动句 Theteachershowedtheclassthecupwithmixture Theteachershowedthecupwithmixturetotheclass 被动句 Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass 2 主动句 Ilenthermybike Ilentmybiketoher 被动句 Mybikewaslenttoher 一般在下列动词后 常在主动句中的直接宾语变为被动句中的主语后 在这些动词后加上介词for 如 build buy cook cut choose do fetch find fix get keep make order paint play sing等 eg 1 主动句 Mothermademeanewskirt Mothermadeanewskirtforme 被动句 Anewskirtwasmadeforme 2 主动句 Theycookedusthemeat Theycookedthemeatforus 被动句 Themeatwascookedforus 3 主动句 Theyplayedussomecountrymusic Theyplayedsomecountrymusicforus 被动句 Somecountrymusicwasplayedforus 有些既不用to也不用for 根据动词与介词的搭配关系 主动句 PeopleallovertheworldknowtheGreatWall 被动句 TheGreatWallisknowntopeopleallovertheworld 不用by短语 下列情况不用被动句 第一 感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义 如 feel look smell seem taste sound remain等 Theclothfeelsverysoft Thefoodtastesdelicious Itsmellsgood Thepopmusicsoundsbeautiful 2 有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词 当它们和well badly easily等副词连用时 表示主语内在品质或性能 是不及物动词 用主动表示被动 这时不用被动语态 常见的有 write read clean sell wash cook等 如 Theclothwasheseasily 这布很好洗 Thenewproductsellswell 这新产品很畅销 Thepenwritessmoothly 这支笔写字很流畅 对比 Thebookssellwell 主动句 Thebooksweresoldout 被动句 Themeatdidn tcookwell 主动句 Themeatwascookedforalongtimeoverlowheat 被动句 3 一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态 如 happen takeplace breakout breakdown belongto comeout loseheart rise succeed remain lie等 eg Theaccidenthappenedonacoldwintermorning Thefirebrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding Whenwegottothetopofthemountain thesunhadalreadyrisen Aftertheearthquake fewhousesremained Thesebookscameoutin1998 Themachineshavebrokendown 4 need v ing want v ing的形式表达了被动的含义 eg Thisbikeneedsmending Thisbikeneedstobemended 注 在need v ing和needto v的形式中 need为情态动词 Thepatientwantedtakinggoodcareof Thepatientwantedtobetakengoodcareof 5 谓语是及物动词leave enter reach suit have own等 如 eg 1 Wearehavingameetingnow 错误 Ameetingisbeinghadbyusnow 正确 Ameetingisbeingheldbyusnow 2 Heenteredtheroomandgothisbook 错误 Theroomwasenteredandhisbookwasgot 5 在汉语中 有一类句子不出现主语 在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示 例如 据说 Itissaidthat 据报导 Itisreportedthat 据推测 Itissupposedthat 希望 Itishopedthat 众所周知 Itiswellknownthat 普遍认为 Itisgenerallyconsideredthat 有人建议 Itissuggestedthat 1 Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow 2 ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp 3 ItwassaidthatMr Li sbrotherhadwrittenaletter 1 Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays 2 Theyshoulddoitatonce Itshouldbedoneatonce3 Allthepeoplelaughedathim Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople 4 Theymakethebikesinthefactory Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory 5 Hecutdownatree Atreewascutdownbyhim 6 UncleWangismendingmybikenow MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow 7 Theyareplantingtreesoverthere Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem 8 Therearetwobookstoberead Therearetwomoretreestobeplanted 9 Brucewritesalettereveryweek AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek 10 LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning 11 Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar 12 Theywillplanttentreestomorrow Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow 13 Lucyiswritingaletternow AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow 14 Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave Thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave 5 Exercises 一 选择填空 Windows ofglass bemadeB ismadeC aremadeD beenmade2 Thehouse in2004 isbuiltB isbuildingC wasbuiltD used3 Acoatcan forkeepingwarm beusedB isusedC beenusedD used C C A 4 Watches Shanghailastlong A aremadeinB ismadeC aremadefromD made5 Thisdeskismade wood A ofB fromC inD by6 Thethingsonshowwere theolddays A usedB usedtoC usedforD usedin7 Silk inHangzhouandSuzhou A isproducedB areproducedC producedD isproduces A A D A 1 Ourschool in2002 开办 2 Theyoungtreesmust well 照顾 3 thisbuilding 建成 lastyear 4 Thebook 写 byhimlastyear 5 Thebridge 不建造 in1989 6 The29thOlympicGameswill 举行 inBeijingin2008 wasopened belookedafter Was built waswritten wasn tbuilt beheld 将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句 ZhengJieinventedthisspecialpen 变被动句 2 ThebikewasfixedupbyJimmy 变主动句 3 Peopleusesunglassestoprotecttheireyes 4 Teachersallowstudentstoputuphandsinclass ThisspecialpenwasinventedZhengJie Jimmyfixedupthebike Sunglassesareused bypeople toprotecteyes Studentsareallowed byteachers toputuphandsinclass 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Thebike fix upbyXiaoMingyesterday 2 Sunglasses use forprotectingpeople seyes 3 Apicture put upontheblackboard 4 French speak inFrance 5 Teenagersshould allow tochoosetheirownclothes wasfixed areused isput isspoken beallowed 练习一请把下列的主动句变为被动句 注意时态的一致 1Hewroteanarticlelastweek Anarticlewaswrittenbyhimlastweek 2Thepeoplemakehistory Historyismadebypeople 3DopeopleuseChineseonlyinChina IsChineseusedbypeopleonlyinChina 4Theydidn tvisitthecitytwoyearsago Thecitywasn tvisitedbythemtwoyearsago 5Wheredidyoumakethem Whereweretheymadebyyou 一用适当的形式填空1Historyis bythepeople make 2Heisoften todotheworkbytheteacher ask 3Thebook byhimlastyear write 4Theradio lastweek mend 5Sometrees onthehillthisspring plant 6Anewsubway build nextyear 7She take tothehospitalalready 8Thousandsofsatellites send upintothespacesofar 9Theysaidthey invite tothepartyalready 10Thetrains produce inZhuzhou 11Youngtreesshould water often made asked waswritten wasmended havebeenplanted willbebuilt hasbeentaken havebeensent hadbeeninvited areproduced bewatered MultipleChoice 1 Ifthework youcangoandplaygames A finishedB hasfinishedC willbefinishedD isfinished 2 Itwasrainingheavilyoutside thechildrenweremade intheclassroom 4 Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful rubbish intotheriver A needn tbethrownB mustn tbethrownC can tthrowD maynotthrow 5 Ilikemybike It verywell A ridesB isridingC isriddenD hasridden D B B A 3 Kate theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom A haswrittenB waswrittenC hadwrittenD iswriting A stayB tostayC stayingD stayed C 6 Iwon tcometothepartyunlessTom too YoumeanifTomcomes you llcome 8 Thechildrenmust 9 Thewomanstilldoesn tknowwhat inherhometown D D B A willinviteB invitesC invitedD isinvited 7 EveryonewhoheardMr Green sstory it A laughedatB waslaughedC laughedD waslaughedat A A happensB happenedC willhappenD washappened whileshewasaway A lookafterB betakengoodcare C lookthesameD betakengoodcareof 10 Isawyouwereonfootthismorning Yes Mybike A ismendingB isbeingmended C ismendedD isbeingmending B 由不及物动词 介词或副词构成的被动语态 主动句主语 不及物动词 介词 宾语 被动句主语 原宾语 be 介词 by 原主语之宾格 Shelooksafterhergrandmother 主动句 Hergrandmotherislookedafterbyher 被动句 Myfriendslaughedatmeallthetime 主动句 Iwaslaughedatbymyfriendsallthetime 主动句 注 介词不能省略 及物