2019_2020学年高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtection单元检测A北师大版选修8.docx

单元检测(A)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。W:What book are you looking for?M:A book that teaches Japanese.W:But I remember you said you were going to study French.1Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a restaurant.B.In an office.C.In a library.答案:CM:Do you have a Beijing tourist map?W:Yes.Do you want a Chinese version or an English one?M:The English version,please.W:OK.Here you are.8 yuan,please.2What are the two speakers talking about?A.Buying a tourist map.B.Going travelling in England.C.Taking a trip to China.答案:AM:This time Im really doomed.I forgot to bring my umbrella this morning but now its raining.W:Where are you?M:Im at the office.3What can we learn about the man?A.He has left the key in the office.B.He might get wet in the rain.C.He left his umbrella in the office.答案:BW:Im going to study in Australia after graduating from middle school.M:Why do you want to go there?W:Because my aunt and my family are all there,and I want to study overseas.M:Good luck!4Why does the woman want to study in Australia?A.Because her aunt has invited her to go there.B.Because she wants to study abroad.C.Because her uncle is moving there.答案:BM:Lets ask Dan to introduce the musicians to the audience at the beginning of the concert.W:Ask Dan?Hell be playing the violin.5What does the woman mean?A.Dan is a good violinist.B.They can ask Dan to make the introduction.C.Dan is not the right person to make the introduction.答案:C第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:How come?Im running more slowly than I did a year ago.M:Why?I see you exercising every day.Are you preparing for the autumn sports meeting?W:Yes,the 800-meter race is coming.Every time after I run,I have a sick feeling in my stomach.M:Thats normal.It should get better as you train.W:I hope so.The race is on Saturday.M:Really?Id love to watch.W:Dont come.It isnt worth watching.6.Why has the woman been exercising recently?A.To keep fit.B.To train for a race.C.To lose weight.答案:B7.How does the woman feel after running?A.Tired.B.Energetic.C.Sick.答案:C听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。W:Today is Halloween.The children must be very excited.M:Yes,theyve been looking forward to it for several weeks.W:They make me recall my childhood.I think we were happier than the children today.M:Yes,at Halloween Id often go out with my brothers to knock on the doors in the neighborhood.W:And say,“Trick or treat”.M:Yes.I remember one old couple that always give us a lot of candy.W:What are the children doing this evening?M:Theyre going to knock on every door in this building.W:Wow,great!I want to go with them.8.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Husband and wife.B.Teacher and student.C.Sister and brother.答案:A9.What would the man do at Halloween when he was young?A.Go out and treat his brothers.B.Play tricks on an old couple.C.Knock on the neighbors doors.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。W:If you had 8 million yuan,would you buy a car?M:Well,Id buy an apartment first,then a car.W:What kind of car?M:I think a Ferrari would be my first choice.And you?W:Im not sure.Recently,I read an article about Red Flag putting a new car on the market.It has all the latest technology.M:Is it very special?W:Yes.President once had that kind of car.M:Wow,how much is it?W:About 8 million yuan.Ive never heard of a car made in China selling for such a high price.M:It proves that China is growing in power and influence.10.How would the man spend the 8 million yuan?A.On a house first.B.On a Ferrari first.C.On a Red Flag first.答案:A11.What surprises the woman about the new Red Flag?A.Its special style.B.Its high price.C.Its advanced technology.答案:B12.What does the man think of the new Red Flag?A.It will sell well.B.It is better than a Ferrari.C.It reflects growing power of China.答案:C听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。W:Hello Tom,what are you doing?M:I will have a test soon,so Im studying for it.W:Are you making any progress?M:Not much.An English test is coming,and I really dont know what to do!How is your English?How do you study it?W:I listen to English songs and watch films in English on the Internet.Theyre interesting,and great ways to learn.M:Really?Ive never heard of doing that.W:You can also go online to learn more about Western culture.M:Thats really wonderful.W:Right.In fact,learning English is not as difficult as you think.It can be fun.M:Next time,can you show me how to use the Internet to study English?W:Sure!I have to go to school now.Good luck on the exam.Bye-bye!M:Well,see you next time!Bye-bye!13.What is Tom doing?A.Listening to English songs.B.Surfing the Internet.C.Preparing for an English test.答案:C14.What can we learn on the Internet?A.How to take tests.B.About Western culture.C.How to review lessons.答案:B15.How does the woman find studying English?A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Difficult.答案:A16.What will the woman do?A.Go to school.B.Help Tom learn English.C.Surf the Internet.答案:A听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。On May 15,1809,Mary Dixon Kies received the first U.S.patent issued to a woman.Kies,a Connecticut native,had invented a process for weaving straw with silk or thread.First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for improving the nations hat industry.Unfortunately,the patent file was destroyed in the great patent office in 1836.By 1840,only 20 patents had been issued to women.The inventions related to clothes,tools,cooking stoves and fireplaces.ThePatentActof1790 had opened the door for anyone,male or female,to protect his or her invention with a patent,but because in many states women could not legally own property independently of their husbands,many women inventors didnt bother to patent their inventions.Mary Kies broke that pattern.She was not the first American woman to improve hat making,however.In 1798,New Englander Betsy Metcalf invented a method of weaving straw that became very popular,and employed many women to make hats,but didnt patent her process.When asked why,Metcalf said she didnt want her name to be sent to Congress.17.Who was the first woman to receive a patent in America?A.Dolley Madison.B.Betsy Metcalf.C.Mary Dixon Kies.答案:C18.When was the patent file destroyed?A.In 1809.B.In 1836.C.In 1798.答案:B19.What happened in the year of 1790?A.Mary Dixon Kies was praised for improving Americas hat industry.B.ThePatentAct was passed to protect inventions.C.Betsy Metcalf invented a method of weaving straw.答案:B20.What can we learn from the passage?A.Mary Dixon Kies was the first female to improve hat making.B.Twelve patents had been issued to women by 1840 in America.C.Betsy Metcalf didnt want to make a name for herself.答案:C第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThere was great excitement on the planet of Venus(金星).Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth,and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan,named after the great Venusian astronomer Professor Manhattan,who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago.Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals,Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information about the feasibility(可行性) of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth.A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.“We have come to the conclusion,based on last weeks satellite landing,”Professor Zog said,“that there is no life on Earth.”“How do you know this?”the science reporter of TheVenusEveningStar asked.“For one thing,Earths surface in the area of Manhattan is made up of solid concrete and nothing can grow there.For another,the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.”“What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?”“We shall have to take our own oxygen with us,which means a much heavier flying saucer than we planned at first.”“Are there any other dangers that you discovered in your studies?”“Take a look at this photo.You see this dark black cloud hanging over the surface of Earth.We dont know what it is made of,but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venusian there.Over here you will notice what seems to be a river,but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink.This means we shall have to carry our own water,which will add even greater weight to the saucer.”“If all you say is true,wont this set back the flying saucer program several years?”“Yes,but we shall continue as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds,”Professor Zog replied.21.According to the passage,the Venusian scientists succeeded in getting important information about .A.the feasibility of landing a satellite on EarthB.the possibility of making a first-class flying saucerC.the feasibility of sending a manned flying saucer to EarthD.the possibility of directing a flying saucer into Manhattan解析:细节理解题。第三段说金星上的科学家们得到了关于载人飞碟登陆地球的可行性的宝贵资料,因此选C项。答案:C22.Why will the Venusians have to take their own oxygen when carrying out their flying saucer program?A.They need it on their way to the planet of Earth.B.The Earths atmosphere is filled with deadly gases.C.There is a low level of oxygen for the Venusians.D.There is no air on the planet of Earth at all.解析:细节理解题。根据文章第六、七、八段的内容可知,金星科学家们发现地球表面漂浮着一层有毒气体,因此,金星人到达地球后必须携带可供呼吸的氧气,故选B项。答案:B23.It can be inferred from the passage that .A.landing a manned flying saucer on Earth will be carried out soonB.the Venusians will land on Earth to help to stop serious pollutionC.its unnecessary to land a manned flying saucer on Earth at presentD.pollution on Earth makes it impossible for the Venusians to survive there解析:推理判断题。通过分析从地球上传回的资料,金星上的科学家们发现地球上的大气和水都受到了严重的污染,要载人去勘测就必须自带氧气和水,由此可知应选D项。答案:D24.Where can you probably read such a passage?A.In a popular magazine.B.In a fairy tale.C.In an observation journal.D.In science fiction.解析:文章出处题。从全文内容看,这篇文章最有可能摘自科幻小说,暗指地球污染的严重性。故选D项。答案:DBPlants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change,which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.“Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world,changing some living patterns,”scientists said.Increased carbon dioxide(CO2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen,while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,”said the researchers of several U.S.universities.They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystems.The study,published on the Nature website,uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species.It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species,the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advancefor both leafing and floweringthat results from temperature increases,”the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change,it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth.They are the base of the food chain,using photosynthesis(光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water.They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8 since 1900,and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979.So far,efforts to cut emissions(排放)of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth from heating up beyond 2 this centurya point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common,leading to drought,floods,crop failures and rising sea levels.25.What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?A.Plants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems.B.The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation.C.Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D.Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.解析:细节理解题。第一段的主要信息是“植物的开花周期比科学家预测的还要短”,故B项正确。答案:B26.We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that .A.plants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB.there are 1,634 plant species on the four continentsC.scientists should improve the design of the experimentsD.the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change解析:细节理解题。第五、六、七三段都围绕“Thestudy”来说。由第五段第二句可知A项错误;由第五段第一句可知B项错误;由第六段可知D项错误;由第七段可知,C项正确。答案:C27.Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because .A.they can prove the climate change clearlyB.they are very important in the food chainsC.they play a leading role in reducing global warmingD.they are growing and flowering much faster than before解析:细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知B项正确。A项不能成为科学家们关注植物的原因;C项本身表述错误;D项只是气候改变造成的一种现象,不能成为引起科学家们关注的原因。答案:B28.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the worlds temperature?A.It has risen nearly 0.2 since 1979.B.Its change will lead to weather extremes.C.It is 0.8 higher in 1979 than that of 1900.D.It needs to be controlled within 2 in this century.解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,到目前为止,人类在温室气体减排方面做出的努力还没有达到能控制这一危险指标的程度,我们应继续努力使全球气温在本世纪内上升不超过2度。故D项正确。根据倒数第二段中的“and.everytenyears.”可知A项错误;由倒数第二段可知C项在表述方面错误;B项在倒数第一段中提到,属于文中表述的事实,而非推断的内容,故不选。答案:DCIt was a village in India.The people were poor.However,they were not unhappy.After all,their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.Then one day,some visitors from the city arrived.They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frogs legs.However,they did not have enough frogs of their own,and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.This seemed like money for nothing.There were millions of frogs in the fields around,and they were no use to the villagers.All they had to do was catch them.Agreement was reached,and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs.Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money.For the first time,the people were able to dream of a better future.But the dream didnt last long.The change was hardly noticed at first,but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well.More worrying was that the children fell ill more often,and,there seemed to be more insects around lately.The villagers decided that they couldnt just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak.They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂)and medicines.Soon there was no money left.Then the people realised what was happening.It was the frog.They hadnt been useless.They had been doing an important jobeating insects.Now with so many frogs killed,the insects were increasing more rapidly.They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.Now,the people are still poor.But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.29.From Paragraph 1 we learn that the villagers .A.worked very hard for centuriesB.dreamed of having a better lifeC.were poor but somewhat contentD.lived a different life from their forefathers解析:根据第一段中的“Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.”可知,村民过着贫穷但是幸福的生活。故本题选C项。答案:C30.Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs?A.The frogs were easy money.B.They needed money to buy medicine.C.They wanted to please the visitors.D.The frogs made too much noise.解析:根据第三段中的“Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.”可知,这看起来像不需要付出什么就可以得到钱。再由第三段倒数第二句可知本题答案为A项。答案:A31.What might be the cause of the childrens sickness?A.The crops didnt do well.B.There were too many insects.C.The visitors brought in diseases.D.The pesticides were overused.解析:由倒数第二段中的“Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases.”可知,虫子损害庄稼并且传播疾病。“They”指上句中的“insects”。故答案为B项。答案:B32.What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage?A.Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country.B.Health is more important than money.C.The harmony between man and nature is important.D.Good old days will never be forgotten.解析:整篇文章讲述村民卖青蛙导致生态失去平衡从而得到教训:人与自然之间的和谐是很重要的。答案:CDDolphins (海豚)are not fish,but warm-blooded animals.They live in groups,and speak to each other in their own language.In this way they are like other animals,such as bees and birds.But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals.Their brain is nearly the same size as our own,and they live a long lifeat least twenty or thirty years.Like some animals,dolphins use sounds to help them find their way around.They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food.We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds,but the lower part of the mouth,called the jaw.Strangely,dolphins seem to like man,and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.There is a story about sailors in the 19th century.In a dangerous part of the