环己烷的生产.doc

Aspen环己烷的生产化工系 毕啸天 2010011811实验3环己烷的生产化工系 2010011811 毕啸天1. 实验内容环己烷可以用苯加氢反应得到，反应如下:C6H6+3 H2 = C6H12在进入固定床接触反应器之前，苯和氢气进料与循环氢气和环己烷混合。假设苯转化率为 99.8%。反应器出料被冷却，轻气体从产品物流中分离出去。部分轻气体作为循环氢气返回反应器。从分离器出来的液体产品物流进入蒸馏塔进一步脱除溶解的轻气体，使最终产品稳定。部分环己烷产品循环进入反应器，辅助控制温度。1.1 灵敏度分析目的:用灵敏度分析研究环己烷流程中循环流率的变化对反应器负荷的影响。A:当LFLOW中的循环分流分率从0.1到0.4改变时，绘制反应器负荷(模块 REACT)随之变化的曲线。B:除改变循环分流分率外, 把苯转化率从 0.9 改变到 1.0，制成反应器负荷表，绘制参数图，显示反应器负荷对循环分流分率和苯转化率的依赖关系。1.2 设计规定目的:对于环己烷用流程，采用设计规定，通过改变循环流率确定反应器热负载。环己烷生产流程是现有装置的一个模型 。围绕反应器的冷却系统能够处理的最大负荷为 4.7 MMkcal/hr。确定所需的循环环己烷量以保证该反应器的冷却负荷为该量 。 2. 实验流程按原题要求作出Aspen中的流程图如上图所示。3. 运行结果28BZINCHRCYCOLFDH2INH2RCYTemperature C504050505050Pressure bar21.5121.521.52521.5Vapor Frac000011Mole Flow kmol/hr144.934710043.4804101.4543330332.8931Mass Flow kg/hr11992.647811.3643597.7928394.848800.71382497.848Volume Flow cum/hr16.15359.1154284.8460511.30745359.6788420.3342Enthalpy Gcal/hr-5.186481.223568-1.55595-3.63054-0.058-1.22008Mole Flow kmol/hr HYDROGEN0.91736800.275210.642157321.75247.364 NITROGEN0.18372900.0551190.128611.6517.49532 METHANE1.73845600.5215371.2169196.661.90196 BENZENE0.1906361000.0571910.13344500.008736 C6H12-01141.9045042.5713499.3331406.12308 LTENDSPRODUCTPURGERXINRXOUTVAPTemperature C115.1331207.31425015020050Pressure bar151521.5232221.5Vapor Frac101111Mole Flow kmol/hr2.4542669928.94723806.3724506.775361.8403Mass Flow kg/hr63.688628331.159217.204214707.6914707.692715.052Volume Flow cum/hr5.17618214.7549636.55081235.182895.4291456.885Enthalpy Gcal/hr-0.0328-2.84906-0.106090.376474-4.28857-1.32618Mole Flow kmol/hr HYDROGEN0.6421573.81E-0721.50992569.3887269.7913268.8739 NITROGEN0.1286099.17E-071.52133219.2003819.2003819.01665 METHANE1.216829.89E-055.38277969.0231969.0231967.28474 BENZENE0.0010330.1324120.00076100.06590.2001320.009496 C6H12-010.46564898.867490.53244248.69421148.566.655522输出各物流量如上表格所示。3.1 灵敏性分析3.1.1 循环分率对反应器负荷的灵敏性分析以下研究当LFLOW中的循环分流分率从0.1到0.4改变时，反应器负荷随之变化的曲线。设置因变量反应器负荷，type Block-Var, Block REACT, Variable QCALC, Sentence PARAM。设置自变量循环分率，type Block-Var, Block LFLOW, Variable FLOW/FRAC, ID1 CHRCY，上下限分别为0.1与0.4，步长0.02.运行后输出结果表格如下Row/Case StatusFRAC RDUTY GCAL/HR10.1-4.723078320.12-4.718549830.14-4.713671840.16-4.708800850.18-4.70335260.2-4.697786970.22-4.691923780.24-4.685748690.26-4.6792194100.28-4.6723227110.3-4.6650343120.32-4.6573051130.34-4.6490576140.36-4.6403007150.38-4.6309483160.4-4.6209534以两个变量作出图像如下图所示。3.1.2 结果分析从图像上的趋势可以看出，循环分流分率从0.1-0.4变化时，反应器的热负荷会随着循环分流分率增加而增加，几乎呈线性关系。在此工艺中，分离器流出的循环环己烷物流温度是50C，而混合器的温度是150C，反应器温度高达200C。因此环己烷循环的作用实际上是调控反应过程的温度。对于一个稳定的反应，单位时间内放出的热量是一定的，因此当环己烷循环量增加时，反应器冷却功能就减弱了，热负荷会增加。环己烷的冷却效应和反应器自身冷却是相加关系，因此线性性较好。3.1.3 增加苯的转化率的灵敏性分析除改变循环分流分率外, 把苯转化率从 0.9 改变到 1.0，制成反应器负荷表，绘制参数图，显示反应器负荷对循环分流分率和苯转化率的依赖关系。增加第二个自变量, type Block-Var, Block REACT, Variable CONV, Sentence CONV。上下限分别是0.9与1，步长0.1.数据繁多，输出结果如下Row/Case StatusVARY 1 LFLOW CHRCY FRAC FRACVARY 2 REACT 1 CONV CONVRDUTY GCAL/HR Row/Case StatusVARY 1 LFLOW CHRCY FRAC FRACVARY 2 REACT 1 CONV CONVRDUTY GCAL/HR 10.10.9-4.1870928890.260.9-4.220207120.10.91-4.2402441900.260.91-4.266752430.10.92-4.2937951910.260.92-4.313300640.10.93-4.3475299920.260.93-4.359774950.10.94-4.4015539930.260.94-4.406457260.10.95-4.4559885940.260.95-4.453127170.10.96-4.510747950.260.96-4.499953480.10.97-4.5658631960.260.97-4.54679390.10.98-4.6214949970.260.98-4.5939205100.10.99-4.6777161980.260.99-4.6412163110.11-4.7345352990.261-4.6887859120.120.9-4.19172781000.280.9-4.2233627130.120.91-4.2441441010.280.91-4.2690214140.120.92-4.29689461020.280.92-4.3146513150.120.93-4.34969861030.280.93-4.3602292160.120.94-4.40290851040.280.94-4.4059004170.120.95-4.45633281050.280.95-4.4515185180.120.96-4.51016761060.280.96-4.4973193190.120.97-4.56421831070.280.97-4.5431285200.120.98-4.61891451080.280.98-4.5891815210.120.99-4.67403661090.280.99-4.6352591220.121-4.7295411100.281-4.6816587230.140.9-4.19636161110.30.9-4.2263764240.140.91-4.24789161120.30.91-4.2710062250.140.92-4.29978991130.30.92-4.3156464260.140.93-4.35177311140.30.93-4.36024270.140.94-4.40405461150.30.94-4.4048976280.140.95-4.45657161160.30.95-4.4495278290.140.96-4.50934281170.30.96-4.4942894300.140.97-4.5625971180.30.97-4.5390278310.140.98-4.61616361190.30.98-4.5839087320.140.99-4.67015171200.30.99-4.6289007330.141-4.7246661210.31-4.6741011340.160.9-4.20078661220.320.9-4.2289211350.160.91-4.25146211230.320.91-4.272618360.160.92-4.30253491240.320.92-4.3163842370.160.93-4.35368441250.320.93-4.3599291380.160.94-4.40512551260.320.94-4.403548390.160.95-4.45662311270.320.95-4.4472157400.160.96-4.50846441280.320.96-4.4908287410.160.97-4.56057691290.320.97-4.5345048420.160.98-4.6131871300.320.98-4.5782354430.160.99-4.66598771310.320.99-4.6221045440.161-4.71935451320.321-4.6661935450.180.9-4.20495051330.340.9-4.2311001460.180.91-4.25502321340.340.91-4.2738496470.180.92-4.30511261350.340.92-4.3165657480.180.93-4.35540381360.340.93-4.3592069490.180.94-4.40580591370.340.94-4.401825500.180.95-4.45644261380.340.95-4.4443846510.180.96-4.50739451390.340.96-4.4869341520.180.97-4.55847111400.340.97-4.5295123530.180.98-4.60989481410.340.98-4.5721344540.180.99-4.66166491420.340.99-4.6148234550.181-4.71386911430.341-4.6576541560.20.9-4.20923141440.360.9-4.2328501570.20.91-4.25830351450.360.91-4.2746461580.20.92-4.30758891460.360.92-4.3163537590.20.93-4.35685961470.360.93-4.3579919600.20.94-4.40644921480.360.94-4.3995544610.20.95-4.4560231490.360.95-4.4410599620.20.96-4.50586591500.360.96-4.482536630.20.97-4.55602571510.360.97-4.5240113640.20.98-4.60630581520.360.98-4.5654903650.20.99-4.65697341530.360.99-4.607013660.21-4.70806291540.361-4.64864670.220.9-4.21301891550.380.9-4.234118680.220.91-4.26131011560.380.91-4.2749438690.220.92-4.3096841570.380.92-4.3156568700.220.93-4.35822261580.380.93-4.3562548710.220.94-4.4066961590.380.94-4.3967617720.220.95-4.45539361600.380.95-4.4371965730.220.96-4.50423471610.380.96-4.4775769740.220.97-4.5532361620.380.97-4.5179188750.220.98-4.60254161630.380.98-4.5582582760.220.99-4.6520281640.380.99-4.5986147770.221-4.70198521650.381-4.6390375780.240.9-4.21681641660.40.9-4.2348851790.240.91-4.26419531670.40.91-4.2747008800.240.92-4.31158641680.40.92-4.3143788810.240.93-4.35906671690.40.93-4.3539213820.240.94-4.40666331700.40.94-4.3933626830.240.95-4.45437251710.40.95-4.4327137840.240.96-4.5021821720.40.96-4.4719854850.240.97-4.55014161730.40.97-4.5112057860.240.98-4.59830751740.40.98-4.5504008870.240.99-4.64682881750.40.99-4.5896019880.241-4.69553721760.41-4.6287919根据表中数据画出反应器热负荷受双重因